Edward Snowden Reacts To Elon Musk’s ‘Pardon’ Poll: ‘That’s A Very Big …
Edward Snowden has been left impressed by a poll conducted by Twitter CEO Elon Musk on the platform.What Happened: Musks poll asking his nearly 120 million followers on the platform resulted in 3.31 million votes. 80.5% of those who voted said Wikileaks founder Julian Assange along with Snowden should be pardoned.
Snowden said on the poll, That is a very big number.
Why It Matters: Musk said that he was not expressing an opinion when he ran the poll over the weekend.
Snowden said earlier that he and Assange were charged under a law that was aimed at the prevention of fair trials, according to a prior report. Both men are wanted by authorities in the United States for leaking classified information.
The former National Security Agency contractor is now a Russian citizen and a fugitive from U.S. law enforcement. Assange is awaiting extradition to the U.S. in the United Kingdom.
Read Next: Edward Snowden Responds To NSA's Call For Former Workers To Come Back: 'Thanks, I'll Pass'
Photocourtesy: Gage Skidmore on Wikimedia
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Edward Snowden Reacts To Elon Musk's 'Pardon' Poll: 'That's A Very Big ...
About the Open Source Initiative | Open Source Initiative
As steward of the Open Source Definition, we set the foundation for the Open source Software ecosystem.
The Open Source Initiative (OSI) is a California public benefit corporation, with 501(c)3 tax-exempt status, founded in 1998.
We are also actively involved in Open Source community-building, education, and public advocacy to promote awareness and the importance of non-proprietary software. OSI participates in Open Source conferences and events, to meet with open source developers and users, and to discuss with executives from the public and private sectors about how Open Source technologies, licenses, and models of development can provide economic and strategic advantages.
As the leading voice on the policies and principles of open source, the OSI helps build a world where the freedoms and opportunities of open source software can be enjoyed by all. The OSI supports institutions and individuals working together to create communities of practice in which the healthy open source ecosystem thrives.
The Open Source Initiative (OSI) is a non-profit corporation with global scope formed to educate about and advocate for the benefits of open source and to build bridges among different constituencies in the open source community.
Open source enables a development method for software that harnesses the power of distributed peer review and transparency of process. The promise of open source is higher quality, better reliability, greater flexibility, lower cost, and an end to predatory vendor lock-in.
One of our most important activities is as a standards body, maintaining the Open Source Definition for the good of the community. The Open Source Initiative Approved License trademark and program creates a nexus of trust around which developers, users, corporations and governments can organize open source cooperation.
Please contact the OSI if you are interested in having us help you develop, arrange, or conduct educational conferences, programs, courses of instruction, and/or online educational seminars relating to Open Source (non-proprietary) software.
Our website has a contact form that can be used to reach us over the internet, or we can be contacted at our mailing address:
Open Source Initiative8605 Santa Monica Blvd PMB 63639West Hollywood, CA 90069-4109United States
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About the Open Source Initiative | Open Source Initiative
Jacobson v. Massachusetts | The First Amendment Encyclopedia
This illustration is from theBoston Globe,January 28, 1902 as the state moved to vaccinate its citizens for smallpox. Massachusetts law required smallpox vaccination to prevent the disease's spread. A pastor challenged the law, saying it violated his religious rights under the First Amendment. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1905 in Jacobson v. Massachusetts that Jacobson's religious rights had to give way to the common good, and that the emergency situation justified the government's action. (Image, public domain)
In Jacobson v. Massachusetts(1905), the Supreme Court upheld a states mandatory compulsory smallpox vaccination law over the challenge of a pastor who alleged that it violated his religious liberty rights.
Pastor Henning Jacobson contended that he had a right under the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to avoid the mandatory vaccination law.
The U.S. Supreme Court, in an opinion by Justice John Marshall Harlan I, ruled that the state of Massachusetts acted constitutionally within its police powers to pass a law to protect the health and safety of the public.
According to settled principles, the police power of a State must be held to embrace, at least, such reasonable regulations established directly by legislative enactment as will protect the public health and the public safety, Harlan wrote.
Jacobson argued that the smallpox vaccination law not only infringed on his religious liberty but also was arbitrary and capricious. The Court disagreed, writing that Jacobsons individual right must give way to the common good.
Harlan explained: But the liberty secured by the Constitution of the United States to every person within its jurisdiction does not import an absolute right in each person to be, at all times and in all circumstances, wholly freed from restraint. There are manifold restraints to which every person is necessarily subject for the common good.
The Court emphasized that government officials were acting out of necessity as smallpox was prevalent and increasing at Cambridge. This emergency situation justified the government officials action in making the smallpox vaccination mandatory.
The Jacobson decision has come back into prominence in First Amendment jurisprudence, as many courts have cited the decision when confronting First Amendment challenges to various executive orders and edicts passed in the wake of the pandemic caused by the Coronvirus known as COVID-19.
David L. Hudson, Jr. is a First Amendment Fellow at the Freedom Forum Institute and a law professor at Belmont University who publishes widely on First Amendment topics. This article was published June 3, 2020.
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Jacobson v. Massachusetts | The First Amendment Encyclopedia
First Amendment Experts Question One of the Jan. 6th Committees Recommendations on the Role of the Media – Law & Crime
CONMED CORP : Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement, Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet…
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8 Free/Open Source Code Review Tools for 2022 – SoftwareSuggest
Reading Time: 8 Minutes
Published : June 17, 2019
Last Updated: October 20, 2022
Code review is an integral part of the development process. It is used to find out bugs and errors at an early stage of development itself.
The code review tools are so designed that it automates the whole process of reviewing the application development process. Thus, it has become an important tool for the development team.
This code review process helps improve the quality of the software. To help you out, we have listed out the top eight free and open-source code review tools that you might want to take a look at.
The code review process is orderly testing of software to find and remove errors, bugs, buffer overflows, and other vulnerabilities found in the codes.
These code review processes are methodically documented and follow severe defect detection techniques from peers and technical experts. There are basically four, sometimes five participants who are involved in code creation and code inspection the author, the moderator, the reviewer, the reader, and sometimes an observant.
The code reviews are led by trained moderators and reviewers who are NOT the author of the coded program, and these reviews are performed without any management participation.
Since it is a quality assurance activity, reviewers scrutinize the codes written by the authors and prepare a report with a list of findings to be fixed.
There are many processes and techniques to perform a code review which usually involves a lot of meetings between the distinct roles mentioned above.
There are heavyweight inspection processes that go up to 6-7 steps involving everyone to work only when the code review comes on their plate and there are lightweight inspection processes that involve everyone to work simultaneously with each other.
Not many follow heavyweight inspection processes anymore, which means lightweight processes are trending more with the increase in the development of software applications across the globe.
Here are a few lightweight inspection techniques:
This code review process is the most informal and common. Over-the-shoulder means that a reviewer hovers over the author while the author displays the changes made in the code at their coding workstation.
The author is the person that leads the code review by sitting at their computer, explaining the changes he/she made in the code while going through multiple tools and files in the project.
If the reviewer finds any discrepancy, then they engage on the spot with the author (this engagement is called pair-programming) to fix the missed issues. If the changes are too significant, then the entire live code is taken off-line.
However, with modern desktop-sharing tools, this over-the-shoulder review has become remote and easy to implement over long distances.
This process of code review is prevalent and preferred by most open-source projects. Here, the entire file or changes in the code are packed up by the author and sent to the reviewers through email. Reviewers then examine the code data, ask relevant doubts and queries in the same thread to the authors.
In this method, it is easier to involve other developers through the email itself to ask for suggestions, changes in the code, expert advice, or even complete deferral.
People generally associate this technique of code review with Extreme Programming (XP) because it incorporates a continuous code analysis. In pair-programming, two developers produce code from a single workstation, with only one authoring the code and the other person freely discussing any changes and suggestions needed as a reviewing developer.
Pair-programming has shown to be very useful in finding bugs as well as promoting knowledge transfer.
However, this process poses a controversial issue about whether it is better or worse or equivalent to more standard reviewing methods because the reviewing developer is continually being a critique polishing the code.
At the same time, the author might get frustrated and keep losing his/her chain of programming the code every time in between writing and listening for suggestions.
A code review done with the help of specialized tools that helps in processes like collecting files, commentary, transfer, and displaying data, collecting metrics, etc., is called a tool-assisted review.
Tool-assisted reviews can allow product managers and administrators to exercise some control over the workflow. Such type of review process is mostly preferred in commercial software, open-source projects, or home-grown scripts.
Either way, it requires a lot of money to be invested in specialized tools to create a better code review environment.
These code review processes help improve the quality of the software. To help you out, we have listed out the top eight free and open-source code review tools that you might want to take a look at.
Codebrag is one of the best open-source code review tools that are quite simple to use. It is mainly used to review inline comments and likes, smart email notifications, non-blocking code, and more.
It is a light-weight review tool that makes the whole process of review entertaining and structured. Furthermore, it offers an agile code review that helps deliver a high-quality application.
Features
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Gerrit is another free and open-source code review tool that can help you review code on a web browser. It is a self-hosted and light-weight solution. It enables all the committers on a project to keep track of all the changes made.
The most significant advantage is that it gives you the chance to review the changes before accepting the codebase. Besides, the change facilitator can open conversations about the changes by leaving comments and notes.
Features
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Reviewable is one of the best open-source code review tools in terms of both functionality and appearance. It offers a clean and interactive UI that enables you to perform advanced functionality with ease. Using the device, you can perform actions like comparing the diffs of any two revisions of a file or installing customizable logic that enables you to know if the review of code is complete or not.
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ReviewBoard is a simple yet powerful free code review tool that makes the whole process of reviewing thoroughly. It provides functionalities like diff and the ability to make comments.
Besides, it is relatively easy- and- quick to learn and provides a clean interface. ReviewBoard is the best option for developers who are looking for a no-frills code review. It has 1.2K GitHub stars and 369 GitHub forks.
Features
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Phabricator Differential is a free code review tool that enables you to download and install it on your own hardware or launch a hosted instance with them. It is considered the best code review tool amongst the top open-source code review tool.
Whats more, you can use it HG, Git, and SVN. And if that wasnt enough, this free code review tool also allows for easy team discussion, planning, testing, and coding. The plus point is that it is scalable to multiple servers.
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Rhodecode is a popular open-source code review tool that makes it easy to handle code management. It is well protected, enterprise source code management system that serves as an integrated tool for Mercurial, Git, and Subversion.
It offers two editions. The first one is licensed per user named Enterprise Edition, and the other is Community Edition a free and open-source version.
Features
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The last on our list is Codestriker, which is an open-source code review tool. Using the device, you can easily record issues, leave comments, and notes in a database. It supports reviews of traditional documents and diffs generated by an SCM system and plain unidiff patches. There is a plug-in architecture for supporting issue tracking systems.
Whats more, it minimizes paperwork and provides a clean interface for performing code inspections.
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SmartBear has automated software, Collaborator, to help you with your code quality instantly. It supports most of the version control systems like Subversion, CVS, TFS, Perforce, and Git.
This Smartbears software allows reporting and analysis of key metrics along with reviewing design documents related to your code review process. With SmartBear, you can reduce your rework and get answers quickly.
Features
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Conclusion
So, these were the top 8 open-source code review tools from us which are mostly used by developers all across the globe.
Which one have you so far been working within your company? Tell us your review in the comment section below.
Sharad Bhardwaj is a content analyst at SoftwareSuggest. He loves to advise and help people. In leisure time he likes to be involved in sports activities and listening to music.
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8 Free/Open Source Code Review Tools for 2022 - SoftwareSuggest