Is This Cryptocurrency The Next Bitcoin? – forbes.com

Bitcoin, which has been rallying over the last few weeks after being trapped in a more than year-long bear market, remains far below its all-time high of near $20,000 per bitcoin as traders and investors wait for major financial institutions and retailers to wade into cryptocurrencies.

The bitcoin price has recently climbed back above the psychological $5,000 per bitcoin mark, adding some 45% so far this year. Some smaller cryptocurrencies have climbed far more with a few, including binance coin, created by the Malta-based bitcoin and cryptocurrency exchange Binance, rallying back to all-time highs set in late 2017.

Now, bitcoin and cryptocurrency financial rating agency,Weiss Ratings has suggested binance coin could be the next bitcoin due to it dictating the direction of the market in recent weeks.

Many smaller cryptocurrencies, as well as bitcoin, have climbed in recent months with binance coin adding 300% so far this year.

Bitcoin has historically decided the direction of the cryptocurrency market, with bitcoin's price moves pushing and pulling smaller cryptocurrencies.

As the cryptocurrency market has matured, however, smaller cryptocurrencies have increasingly found their own direction independent of bitcoin, with binance coin, an ethereum token used to pay fees on Binance, the world's largest cryptocurrency exchange by volume, increasingly leading the market, according to Weiss Ratings.

Binance coin is up by more than 300% this year,gaining the most of thetop 10 cryptocurrencies by market capitalization, CoinMarketCap data shows. The recent launch of Binance Chain earlier this month triggered another binance coin price rally, taking it above its previous all-time high of $24 per token.

Weiss Ratings took to Twitter to suggest binance coin could be the new bitcoin.

Last month, Weiss Ratings gave binance coin an overall rating of B-, putting it in the same class as bitcoin, Ripple's XRP, and EOS, a rival to ethereum.

The Weiss report gave the world's biggest cryptocurrencies overall score, most of which were not as good as their combined tech and adoption grades. EOS, bitcoin, Ripple's XRP, and binance coin all scored a B-, while litecoin, ethereum, cardano, stellar, Neo, and tron were assigned a C+.

"Binance merits a B-, but its grade is currently influenced by a recent surge in its market price, which may not be sustainable," the report authors warned.

Thereport, tantalizingly entitled Dark Shadows With A Bright Future, also assigned letter grades to cryptocurrencies that have the best combination of adoption and technology, putting EOS at the top of the field, above its long-time rival ethereum and in the same class as bitcoin and Ripple's XRP.

Weiss Ratings gave binance coin the same overall grade as bitcoin, EOS, and Ripple's XRP.

Binance coinis currently the seventh biggest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, according to CoinMarketCap data, with a total value of $3.3 billion. This is a far cry from bitcoin's lofty valuation, which is nudging $100 billion.

Binance coin has been boosted recently by the well-publicized launch of theBinance DEX (Decentralized Exchange) after the company released its testnet for public use in February.

The Binance DEX is expected to be the world's first widely-used decentralized exchange and is built on Binances own blockchain, Binance Chain. The decentralized exchange will allow users to retain control of their own private keys, something that many cryptocurrency users have long called for so hackers are not able to break into accounts if the centralized exchange database is compromised.

Binance coin has been climbing ahead of the launch of Binance's decentralized exchange.

Meanwhile, Binance has courted controversy recently with the "de-listing" of bitcoin SV, a fork of bitcoin which split from bitcoin cash last November.

Last week, Binance said it will de-list bitcoin SV, striking it from the exchange as of April 22 as it no longer "meet[s] the high level of standard we expect."

Ahead of the decision, which was then adopted by other major crypto exchanges, the widely-respected chief executive of Binance, Changpeng Zhao (often known simply as CZ), warned that his exchange could remove bitcoin SV if its biggest proponent, Craig Wright, continues to claim to be bitcoin's creator, the mysterious Satoshi Nakamoto, and attack those who disagree with him.

Bitcoin SV developers and supporters attacked the decision, accusing Binance and CZ of "market manipulation."

"This decision will certainly be reported to the Maltese regulators as this is surely a case of people in trusted positions abusing that trust and playing God with which token gets the most volume and market access," Calvin Ayre, a supporter of Wright and the founder and owner of CoinGeek, a cryptocurrency miner and developer, told theFinancial Timesin response to the de-listing. "In essence, market manipulation."

"The decision to delist bitcoin SV seems to be based on the fact that they dont like one scientist that works on the platform," Ayre added. "Craig [Wright] doesnt own [bitcoin SV], nor does anybody, so this appears to be very unprofessional. An exchange should just want volume of trading not picking which horses it wants to win the race and, as a result, smells of fear and manipulation."

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Is This Cryptocurrency The Next Bitcoin? - forbes.com

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Samsung is developing its own blockchain network, report claims

Disclosure

Image: Raymond Wong/Mashable

Samsung is developing a blockchain network and potentially a cryptocurrency token called "Samsung Coin."

This is according to a report by CoinDesk Korea, which cites an unnamed company official familiar with "Samsung's internal situation."

Details are scarce, and nothing is confirmed, but the blockchain network could either be public or hybrid a combination of public and private blockchains.

One important detail: This blockchain network will reportedly be based on Ethereum, a popular smart contract platform which makes it fairly easy to deploy your own cryptocurrency token.

Once the blockchain development is finalized, the company might move to launch its own Samsung Coin crypto-token, though "the direction has not yet been decided."

Samsung has been working on this project for at least a year, the source said.

Samsung has dipped its toes into crypto waters by introducing a cryptocurrency wallet and decentralized app support on its Galaxy S10 phone, but this is the first time I've heard of the company building a blockchain-based network and a cryptocurrency/token of its own.

It's hardly a surprise, though numerous tech companies, including Microsoft and Facebook, are working on blockchain projects. There's no word on what Samsung plans to do with its blockchain, but the company has a mobile payment/wallet service, Samsung Pay, which might benefit from cryptocurrency integration.

We've asked Samsung about its blockchain-related efforts and will update the article when we hear from them.

Disclosure: The author of this text owns, or has recently owned, a number of cryptocurrencies, including BTC and ETH.

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Samsung is developing its own blockchain network, report claims

Cryptocurrency Definition | Bankrate.com

Cryptocurrency is a type of decentralized digital currency. Cryptocurrencies utilizeblockchainledgerstorecord and validate transactions. The first cryptocurrency wasbitcoin, which debutedin 2009, and nearly 900 cryptocurrencies have been created as of 2017, although very few have seen widespread adoption.

When cryptocurrency is used to pay for goods or services, eachtransaction is securely encrypted and recorded in a public ledger called a blockchain. The blockchain ensures acryptocurrencys integrity and eliminates the need for a central administrator, such as a treasury or acentral bank. Cryptocurrency users connect directly to each other in eer-to-peer transactions, with a degree of anonymity provided by the blockchain ledger. Acryptocurrency walletis used to store various kinds of cryptocurrency.

Bitcoin was the first cryptocurrency and it remains the most popular, with millions of users trading the 16 million bitcoins currently in electronic circulation. In its wake, many imitators appeared, andvirtually all of them replicated bitcoins approach while adding uniquetwists. Some of the first imitators, such as Namecoin and Litecoin, improved upon bitcoins security, although none of them have seenmainstream adoptionlike bitcoin, which as of 2017 is accepted at over 100,000 online retailers.

Other cryptocurrencies, like Nxt,resemble acomputing platform morethan a currency used for payment purposes. Where bitcoin simply registers ownership of coins, Nxts blockchain offers several transaction types, such asdata storage or commodities trading, and allows users tobuild apps that utilize the Nxt blockchain.

Ethereum is a cryptocurrency calledether to power a globally shared computer environment. Ethereum transactions are validated on a blockchain like other protocols, but these transactions dont simply confirm spent cryptocurrency; rather, whole computations are recorded in each block, and the price of performing the computation, whats called gas, is paid with ether. The processing power necessary for the computation is provided by users called miners who keep the ether as a reward.

Not ready to take the cryptocurrency plunge? You can always make online payments with a credit card, and Bankrate has the list of the best cash-back cards.

One way to understand the difference between bitcoin andethereum is to think of bitcoin as a currency enabled by a blockchain and ethereum as a blockchain enabled by currency. Whereas bitcoin exists to be spent, ethereums purpose is to provide a computing and business ecosystem. You cant spend ether on Amazon like you can with bitcoin, but you can use it to run an ethereum-based business or app without a middleman like J.P. Morgan or Apple.

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Cryptocurrency Definition | Bankrate.com

2019s best cryptocurrency wallets | 70+ compared | finder.com

Hardware

BTC, BCH, BTG, ETH, ETC, LTC, DOGE, ZEC, XRP, DASH, STRAT, KMD, ARK, EXP, UBQ, VTC, VIA, NEO, XST, XLM & 1,000+ more

NEW The Ledger Nano X comes with added Bluetooth functionality, more memory and a higher quality screen than its big brother, the Nano S.

Desktop Client

BTC, LTC, ETH, TRX, XMR, DGB, QTUM, XLM, ZEC, XRP, BCH, ETC, DASH, AWC, BTG, DOGE, TPAY, VET, VTHO, DCR, and 280+ more

Store, buy and sell 300+ cryptocurrencies using Atomic Wallet's in-built atomic swap exchange.

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BTC, LTC, ETH, BAT, BCH, DASH, BTG, XRP

Buy, send and convert more than 35 currencies at the touch of a button.

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BTC, BCH, BTG, ETH, ETC, LTC, DOGE, ZEC, XRP, DASH, STRAT, KMD, ARK, EXP, UBQ, VTC, VIA, NEO, XST, XLM & 1,000+ more

Securely store some of the world's leading cryptocurrencies on the Ledger Nano S hardware wallet.

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BTC, BCH, BTG, LTC, DASH, DOGE, ETC, ETH, ERC20, NEM, NMC, ZEC, EXP, UBQ

TREZOR hardware wallet is a secure way to keep your cryptocurrency safe from hackers and malware.

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BTC, BCH, ETH, XRP, ETC, LTC, XLM, ADA, BTG, TRX, REP, BAT, DASH, DGB, DOGE, GNT, LSK, XMR, XEM, NEO, OMG, QTUM, SNT, STRAT, TRX, XVG, VTC, ZEC, ZRX

Buy and hold 28+ cryptocurrencies and more than 50 different fiat currencies in this all-in-one wallet and exchange app.

HardwareMobile

BTC, ETC, XRP, LTC, BCH, ERC20 Tokens

A mobile hardware wallet for iPhone or Android designed to offer wireless bluetooth transactions and cold storage.

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BTC, ETH, LTC, XRP, BCH, ERC20

A NFC cryptocurrency wallet card with a mobile app that supports major cryptos and select ERC20 tokens.

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BTC, BCH, BTG, LTC, DASH, DOGE, ETC, ETH, ERC20, NEM, NMC, ZEC, EXP, UBQ

The next generation of hardware wallet from TREZOR, the Model T includes a host of new features including a touchscreen and improved processing.

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BTC, ETH, REP, ANT, BAT, EOS, SALT, CVC, DNT, SNT, SUB, TRX, OMG, BTM, DENT, PPT, MKR, DGD, QASH, ETHOS & 10+ more

Along with being a decentralised cryptocurrency exchange, Altcoin.io offers users access to its beta release atomic swap wallet.

MobileWeb

BTC, BCH, LTC, ETH

As well as being a cryptocurrency exchange, Coinbase offers one of the most popular web wallets accessible by mobile.

Hardware

BTC, BCH , DASH, DOGE, ETH, LTC, NMC

Protect your digital assets from hackers with the virus- and malware-proof KeepKey hardware wallet.

Desktop ClientMobileWeb

BTC, ETH, DASH, ETC, BCH, REP, LTC, ZEC, RSK, DGE, ICN, GNT, GNO, DGD, BCAP, CVC, STX, POE, MCI, QTUM, CFI, ART, PAY & 30+ more

A relatively new wallet on the market, Jaxx offers multi-platform support for seven different cryptocurrency assets.

Desktop Client

BTC, BCH, BTG, LTC, ETH, DASH, ETC, VTC, FUN, DCR, EOS, ANT, GNO, OMG, BAT & 15+ more

Founded in July 2016, this free desktop wallet offers support for multiple cryptocurrencies including live chart tracking features.

Mobile

BTC, ETH, ETC, BTG, DOGE, LTC, LCC, BCH, DASH, NBT, PPC, RDD, MONA, DGB, DGC, NEOS, XVG, VTC, BTA, ABN & 100+ more

A multi-coin crypto wallet designed for storing multiple cryptocurrencies on your mobile, including bitcoin and Ethereum.

Desktop ClientMobile

BTC

Electrum's desktop wallet is designed to efficiently store your BTC on multi-platforms like Windows, Mac and Linux.

Desktop Client

BTC

Armory is the only open-source wallet with cold storage and multi-signature support features to protect your cryptocurrency.

Desktop ClientMobile

BTC

Developed for bitcoin storage only, GreenAddress offers two-factor authentication and protection of your digital assets.

Mobile

BTC

Bread, previously known as Breadwallet, is a free digital wallet app focused on protecting your personal privacy during BTC storage.

Desktop ClientMobileWeb

BTC, BCH

Developed by BitPay to secure BitPays funds, Copay has quickly emerged as one of the leading wallet platforms on the market.

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BTC, BCH, ETH

Home to over 15 million wallets, Blockchain delivers an online solution for safe ETH and BTC storage.

Mobile

BTC

Founded in 2008, Mycelium is a well-established player in the digital currency industry, evolving to meet the growing needs of bitcoin users.

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BTC, BCH, ETH, LTC, XMR, XRP, DASH, REP, WINGS, IND, XZC, FTC

A multi-currency wallet designed with an emphasis on security, privacy and user-friendliness.

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BTC, BCH

A web and mobile wallet designed to make it safe and easy to send, receive and store both Bitcoin Cash and bitcoin.

Desktop Client

ETH, ERC20

Securely store Ether and other digital assets on the official Ethereum wallet, otherwise known as the Mist wallet.

Web

ETH, ETC, EOS & ERC20 tokens

MyEtherWallet (MEW) is a free, open source tool for creating wallets that work with the Ethereum platform.

Daedalus Wallet

Desktop Client

ADA

Developed by the team behind Cardano, Daedalus is an open source desktop wallet designed specifically for ADA.

MetaMask Wallet

Web

ETH

A popular Ethereum wallet, MetaMask provides private key protection for sending and storing Ether.

LoafWallet

Mobile

LTC

Developed by the creators of Litecoin, LoafWallet allows you to securely store Litecoin on iOS and Android.

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ENJ, BTC, ETH, LTC, ERC20, ERC721, ERC1155

Developed by the Enjin Coin team, Enjin Wallet is a mobile multi-crypto wallet designed to be portable, secure and easy.

LiteVault Wallet

Web

LTC

Store, send and receive LTC via the open source, web-based LiteVault wallet.

ethaddress Wallet

Paper

ETH

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2019s best cryptocurrency wallets | 70+ compared | finder.com

Bradley Manning Awaits Armys Decision on Whether to Court …

The pretrial hearing for Bradley Manning ended in a packed courtroom at Fort Meade with dramatic closing arguments Thursday morning, including a strong case from the prosecution with shocking, newly public chat logs between Manning and WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange. Confronted with overwhelming evidence, the defense questioned what it called the governments overreaction and called for a reduction of the charges Manning faces.

Mannings lead attorney, David Coombs, opened the morning by directly addressing Lt. Col. Paul Almanza, the officer presiding over the hearing, to determine if Private Manning will be court-martialed and, if so, on what charges. Youre in a unique position here, Coombs said, to give the United States government something the United States government needs: a reality check. Coombs asked the investigating officer presiding to reduce Mannings 22 charges to three and to remove his most serious charge, aiding the enemy.

Coombs asserted that the United States has overreacted. The government has overcharged in this case, he said, to strong-arm a plea from my client. The maximum sentence for all but one of Mannings charges adds up to 150 yearsaiding the enemy carries a maximum penalty of death or life without the possibility of parole.

Coombs described Mannings long struggle with his gender identity, reading from an email Manning sent to a superior officer weeks before his arrest. His gender crisis, Manning wrote, makes my entire life feel like a bad dream that wont end ... Everyones concerned about me, and everyones afraid of me. And Im sorry, he wrote. Coombs denounced Mannings superiors for failing to respond to his clients pleas for help. It is the units lack of response to that which also smacks in the face of justice, he said.

The attorney went on to question the damage done by the documents release. What was the result of these leaks? he asked, adding it would have been nice if the original classifying authorities and the officials who claimed such harm had been done had testified, an allusion to the decision to deny Coombs most of the witnesses he requested. They are reinforcing the Chicken Little response from the U.S. military, he said.

But in the end, Coombs insisted, the leak hurt no one. It hasnt caused harm. If anything it has helped, he said. The sky is not falling. The sky is not falling. And the sky will not fall. Coombs highlighted Mannings youth and idealism. In your early 20s you believe you can change the world, he said. In your early 20s you believe. When the president of the United States says Yes, we can, you believe that.

Coombs closed his oratory with a soaring appeal to conscience. An individual who breaks a law and they do so because the law is unjust, and they risk jail to arouse the public, Coombs said, paraphrasing Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from a Birmingham Jail, theyre really expressing the very highest respect for the law. Coombs ended by quoting U.S. Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis: Sunlight is the best disinfectant.

In a fast-paced presentation aided by PowerPoint, Capt. Ashden Fein, lead attorney representing the government, methodically laid out its case against Private Manning. Fein described Manning as a trusted and well-trained soldier who betrayed his country. He used that training to defy our trust, to indiscriminately and systematically harm the United States.

The prosecution went through the evidence it had presented throughout the trial, illustrating step by step how, it says, Manning used his working hours in Iraq to download immense amounts of classified information, which he then transferred to his personal computer and uploaded to WikiLeaks. Fein hammered on Mannings betrayal, noting that he signed six nondisclosure agreements. Using a PowerPoint presentation on operational security that Manning himself had created as a student at Army intelligence school, Fein laid out the multiple dangers posed by spilling classified information.

In a dramatic turn, the prosecution showed chat logs of conversations between two people it asserted (with forensic evidence) were Bradley Manning and Julian Assange, allowing the logs to flash briefly on a screen for the benefit of the gallery.

Anyway, Im throwing everything Ive got on JTF Gitmo at you know. Should take a while to get up though, said the user Nobody, presumed to be Manning.

OK, great, said Nathaniel Frank, alleged to be Julian Assange.

Upload is at about 36 PCT.

ETA? asked Assange.

Eleven to twelve hours Im guessing since its been going six already.

The government also presented chats in which Assange appears to offer assistance to Manning in cracking a logon password to allow him to search anonymously on a computer.

Any good at LM hash cracking? asked Manning.

Yes, said Assange. We have rainbow tables for LM.

[Note: Chat logs appeared only briefly on a screen and remain, like other evidence and filings in the military proceeding, unreleased to the public. Logs as they appear in this and other articles are the result of collaborative note taking by journalists in the courtroom and those watching proceedings via live feed.]

Fein closed his statement with a video statement from Adam Gadahn, also known as Azzam al-Amriki, an American-born al Qaeda spokesperson, discussing the Collateral Murder video and the State Department cables Manning stands accused of leaking. Fein also alluded to evidence that an enemy of the United States has, or had, the CIDNE Afghanistan database Manning allegedly leaked, known to most of the world as the raw material of WikiLeakss Afghan War Diary.

This information, Fein said, is accessible to all enemies of the United States with Internet access. Fein insisted that Manning had received the training to know better than to leak classified information. He used that training to betray our trust, he said.

The investigating officer who presided over the hearing was Lt. Col. Paul Almanza, an officer in the Army reserve and a Department of Justice attorney until days before the hearing began. Almanza has a nonbinding deadline of Jan. 16 to issue his report announcing what charges, if any, will be brought against Manning in a court martial.

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Bradley Manning Awaits Armys Decision on Whether to Court ...

Bradley Manning: Is There Anyone More Normal? – reason.com

Joanne McNeil (an occasional Reason contributor)reports from the Bradley Manning trial for Jacobin magazine, with some interesting observations, starting with the fact that he seems to have a lot of older fans, with:

a third of the people attending the trial as spectators could remember the bombing of Pearl Harbor as clearly as 9-11. And quite a number more looked like retired boomers. Has AARP thrown its weight behind hacktivist causes? Were they cypherpunks in elaborate disguise?

I started talking with a retired woman who drove down from Pennsylvania. I asked how she felt about the prosecution's depiction of WikiLeaks as a terrorist abettor. "Well, I'm not as concerned with that," she said. "I'm here because they were torturing that kid."

McNeil notes that this trial, of great importance to citizens' and the press' relationship with government and government crimes, isn't getting the attention it deserves:

How many people even know the trial is happening? Manning washeld for three years without a trial.That is plenty of time for the public to mistakenly assume there was already a court decision and sentencing. And why did they try this case at all? Manning already pled guilty to 10 charges and faces up to 20 years. The remaining charges are bizarrely exaggerated. Usingflimsy circumstantial evidence, the government is trying to argue that publishing documents on the internet assists terrorists. And for that they could lock him away for life.

Theprosecutors are in their early 30s nominally "digital natives" and should know better. "Do you know what WGet is?" they interrogate a witness, as if it is malicious spyware and not an everyday command line program. The government is capitalizing on asymmetric tech literacy and the failure of language when old laws are applied to the internet. At the peak of this absurdity: WikiLeaks cables are still formallyclassified, so despite being readily available to anyone with internet, closed sessions are required to discuss them.

Perhaps you heard theaudio of Bradley Manning's court statementlast November. That was leaked. No other recordings or visuals have come out of the trial, with the exception ofcourtroom sketches. Now imagine if there were a livestream. And imagine if everyone had tuned in to watchYochai Benkler's gripping expert witness testimonyon July 10th. He argued on behalf of the decentralization of media in the digital age, the blurred lines between activist and journalist, and that WikiLeaks was "providing a discrete but critical component of what in the past was always integrated in a single organization.".

Why did the prosecution ramp up charges against Manning? "Aiding the enemy" might have resulted in the death penalty. The answer came from Benkler under cross-examination. Summarizing an article he wrote, he explained in court, "it's very hard to suppress information once it's on WikiLeaks and that the core target needs to be on trust as the center of gravity. In other words, to undermine the concept that WikiLeaks is a place where a leaker can go and trust that they won't be revealed. So in order to prevent this distributed leaking, it's necessary to increase the fear, as it were, or the constraint on potential leakers."

That's justice in America: increasing the fear that anyone might help American citizens or journalists might have a chance of learning what's being done in our names, on our dimes.

Part of the public campaign against Manning is based on the notion that he, well, he just ain't right:

Manning was tortured in part because he signed a few letters from the brig as "Breanna Elizabeth." Marine Corps Master Sgt. Craig Blenis defended his cruelty in a December pre-trial hearing. Coombs asked why the marine thought Manning's gender dysphoria should factor into his"prevention of Injury"status. Blenis answered because"that's not normal, sir."

But it is normal. Manning's gender identity is as normal as his computer use. Using WGet, believing WikiLeaks to be a reputable news source in 2010, listening to Lady Gaga, identifying as a gender different from your assigned sex this is all normal. It just might take another generation to see this. What is out of the ordinary about Pfc Bradley Manning is his extraordinary courage.

Reason.TV was live from the Manning trial a few weeks ago:

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Bradley Manning: Is There Anyone More Normal? - reason.com

Do you think Bradley Manning being stripped naked is a …

He is not being tortured. He made comments about killing himself so the guards took away anything that he could use to do it so he can stand trial for leaking sensitive information that humiliated the United States and put thousands of lives in danger.

Does he deserve it? No, he deserves much worse. He sold out his nation because he was "confused" over being a homosexual in the Army and his transvestite boyfriend told him to do it. Is it ethical? Its just as ethical as illegally copying classified files and then sending them to a site that published them on the internet.

As for the Army, this turd is lucky that he is still alive. It says leaps and bounds about the Army that he is just being put through a little hard time rather than being beaten on an hourly basis for the rest of his life, or being be-headed with a dull knife.

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Do you think Bradley Manning being stripped naked is a ...

Supporters Say Chelsea Manning Has Been in Solitary …

Chelsea Manning has allegedly been in solitary confinement since she was sent back to prison on March 8, and her supporters are calling for her to be moved.

We condemn the solitary confinement that Chelsea Manning has been subjected to during her incarceration at William G Truesdale adult detention center, the group Chelsea Resists! wrote in a statement.

Manning has reportedly been held in what is known as administrative segregation, or adseg; a banal term that apparently translates to spending up to 22 hours each day in isolation. According to the group,

Chelsea cant be out of her cell while any other prisoners are out, so she cannot talk to other people, or visit the law library, and has no access to books or reading material. She has not been outside for 16 days. She is permitted to make phone calls and move about outside her cell between 1 and 3 a.m.

The jail says keeping high-profile prisoners in adseg is policy for the protection of all prisoners, but there is no reason to believe jail officials view Chelsea as either a target or a risk. If Truesdale wants to prioritize Chelseas health and welfare, as they consistently claim, then they should make sure she is able to have contact with other people in the jail.

Manning was found in contempt after refusing to testify about the classified U.S. documents she sent to WikiLeaks in 2010 when she was a Army intelligence analyst. She said she objected to the secret nature of the grand jury process, and that she had already revealed everything she knew.

Dana Lawhorne, sheriff of the city of Alexandria, said that the accusations that Manning was being held in solitary were not accurate or fair.

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Supporters Say Chelsea Manning Has Been in Solitary ...

Why Chelsea Manning Decided to Go to Jail in Protest

This booking photo provided by the Alexandria Sheriffs Office, in Virginia, shows Chelsea Manning. On Friday, March 8, 2019, Manning, who served years in prison for leaking one of the largest troves of classified documents in U.S. history, was sent to jail for refusing to testify before a grand jury investigating Wikileaks.Photo: AP / Alexandria, Va. Sheriffs Office

Chelsea Manning is not accused of committing any new crime. But she is now a prisoner of the U.S. government once again and may remain one for up to 18 months.

After resisting questions by prosecutors during a secret hearing related to crimes for which she already served seven years in military prison, Manning was ordered into custody on Friday by U.S. District Judge Claude Hilton and told she would remain there until she purges.

Manning, whose right to remain silent was supplanted as part of the grand jury process, was subpoenaed last month in the U.S. Justice Departments not-so-sealed investigation into Julian Assange. Her defiance of this secret inquisition, however, is not about protecting the WikiLeaks founder at all.

Manning says she is resisting because she, like many other politically minded Americans, believes grand juries are an illegal instrument designed to aide prosecutors on fishing expeditions; a tool for stripping witnesses of their constitutional rights that has been historically used against peaceful political activists by men in power who would have them labelled terrorists and enemies of the state.

By resisting this grand jury, Chelsea has made the same sacrifice as dozens of activists before her, who have opposed the grand jury system at the expense of their own freedom, her support committee said in a statement. Chelsea has already served prison time for standing up against government secrecy and revealing war crimes in Iraq and Afghanistan. We know, and so does the government, that she will not turn tail and allow this shadowy grand jury to eclipse her legacy of speaking truth to power.

Legally speaking, Mannings imprisonment is not punitive; it is not considered a form of punishment for something she has done. Her incarceration farther is designed to be coercive; it is intended to break her, to force her to submit. By depriving Manning of her freedom, prosecutors hope that shell crave its return hard enough to spill her guts.

Ironically, she already has.

Mannings association with WikiLeaks nearly a decade ago was dissected in exhaustive detail during her 2013 court-martial, in which all manner of evidence about her brief contact with WikiLeaks, including the transcripts of their conversations, was presented. But now she is meant to regurgitate that story based on her own flawed memories while under the threat of prolonged incarceration if she finds any reason to refuse.

We hope she changes her mind now, the prosecutor, Tracy McCormick, told the Associated Press.

Although Manning is constitutionally protected from double jeopardyfrom being charged twice for the same crimeher political right to silence has effectively been stripped away. Americans right to remain silent is viewed, in the case of grand jury proceedings, as an obstacle that can be legally overcome. A half-century ago, Congress agreed and provided prosecutors a tool to do just that.

Immunity is not voluntary for Manning. It is thrust upon witnesses like her for one purpose only: to negate their privilege against self-incrimination granted under the Fifth Amendment.

Grand juries, comprised of 16-23 individuals, are not screened for personal biases as they would be during the voir dire processof a normal trial. There is no judge present; there are no defense attorney; there are no rules of evidence. Indictments may be issued with the support of a dozen jurors whove been bombarded by hearsay. They can not only issue indictments, but grant prosecutors the power to invade the private lives of citizens, acquire their personal records and communications, and coerce them into cooperating with the government under threat of confinement, whether theyre guilty of a crime or not.

It is for these reasons that Manning, an activist, says she is refusing to submit. I will not participate in a secret process that I morally object to, particularly one that has been historically used to entrap and persecute activists for protected political speech, she said in a statement.

It is no secret that members of the current administration have openly expressed their hatred for Chelsea, her supporters said. Donald Trump himself has tweeted about his desire to undo Barack Obamas commutation and put Chelsea back in jail. We reject the logic that Chelsea should comply and answer questions regarding events for which she has already provided ample testimony, and we condemn the governments punitive efforts to back her into a corner.

The nature of the charges the government hopes to bring against Assange remain a mystery. Anonymous officials have told reporters the case is unrelated to the 2016 election, and the attempt to compel testimony from Manning would appear to support that, at least in part.

It is likely that the government has considered ways to avoid a messy First Amendment battle that pits their own perception of Assanges publication as a tool for espionage against the passionate feelings jurors may have about freedom of the press. Charges under the Espionage Act, the limits of which have not been fully tested in court, present numerous obstacles in this regard. Notably, the courts have found specific intent to be a prerequisite of an espionage conviction.

The government would need to show, in other words, that not only was Assange aware that publishing classified U.S. government documents would do harm to the United States, theyd need to prove that harming the United Statesand not merely shedding light on its controversial political practices and military actionswas itself specifically his goal all along.

Late last year, the U.S. government accidentally revealed that a sealed complaint had been filed

It is far more likely, given Mannings involvement now, that the government is searching for ways to avoid this espionage dilemma entirely; to not have their prosecutors positioned opposite the First Amendment in a trial thats sure to become a massive public spectacle.

As Gizmodo previously reported, there is at least some evidence that Assange has cooperated with convicted criminal hackers in the past in ways that may have left him vulnerable to accessory charges in years-old computer crimesif only after-the-fact.

Regardless of his cases outcome, Texas journalist Barrett Brown was at least initially charged after merely sharing a hyperlink to data stolen during the 2011 hack of Stratfor, a private intelligence firm. WikiLeaks, on the other hand, shared with those same hackers actual code designed to aide them in riffling through roughly 5 million emails pilfered from Stratfor. Whats more, other reports suggest WikiLeaks may have also solicited cyberattacks against a U.S. ally abroad, which was definitely a branch of DOJs long-running investigation into the organization, as evident by the involvement of FBI agents and informants.

The courts decision to imprison Chelsea Manning for refusing to comply with a grand jury is pointless, punitive, and cruel, her supporters said Friday.

Chelsea has clearly stated her moral objection to the secretive and oppressive grand jury process. We are Chelseas friends and fellow organizers, and we know her as a person who is fully committed to her principles. If Judge Claude M. Hilton and [assistant U.S. attorney] Gordon Kromberg believe that subjecting Chelsea to more punishment will change her mind, they are gravely mistaken.

To quote Chelsea, they added, we got this.

Continued here:
Why Chelsea Manning Decided to Go to Jail in Protest