How Julian Assange and WikiLeaks Became Targets of the U.S …

Julian Assange, the founder of WikiLeaks, has long been targeted by the United States for his role in releasing secret government documents.

Now he is just one flight away from being in American custody after years of seclusion in the Ecuadorean Embassy in London. A newly unsealed indictment showed that American prosecutors charged him with conspiring to hack a government computer.

Some quick background: Mr. Assange shot to international prominence in 2010 when WikiLeaks published secret material about American military activity in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as confidential cables sent among diplomats. In 2012, he took refuge at the embassy to avoid extradition to Sweden, where he faced questions about sexual assault allegations.

More recently, Mr. Assange has been under attack for his organization's release during the 2016 presidential campaign of thousands of emails stolen from the Democratic National Committee, leading to revelations that embarrassed the party and Hillary Clinton's campaign.

American investigators have linked those disclosures to efforts by Donald Trump's campaign to damage Ms. Clinton, but Robert S. Mueller III, the special counsel investigating Russian election meddling, did not file any charges against Mr. Assange.

Here's a fuller timeline of how Mr. Assange and WikiLeaks got to this point.

Read the rest here:
How Julian Assange and WikiLeaks Became Targets of the U.S ...

Wikileaks: Saudi King Urged Gitmo Chip Implants

Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah proposed that the Obama administration implant electronic micro-chips into the bodies of Guantanamo Bay detainees to track their movements when they are released, a leaked State Department cable shows.

"This was done with horses and falcons, the King said," according to the document, which was first posted online by Wikileaks. Abdullah suggested Bluetooth technology could be used to keep tabs on the men.

The king raised the idea in a March 2009 meeting with White House counterterrorism advisor John Brennan in Riyadh, where the men had discussed a range of security issues including closure of the U.S. military detention center of Guantanamo Bay.

"I've just thought of something," the King said to Brennan, suggesting the chips.

Brennan responded politely, explaining that "horses don't have good lawyers" and the idea would likely face stiff opposition from civil libertarians in the U.S. He assured Abdullah, however, that "keeping track of detainees was an extremely important issue" to the administration.

A recent Pentagon analysis found that around 20 percent of former Guantanamo detainees have returned to the fight against the U.S. and continues to climb.

Brennan told Abdullah that the Obama administration was committed to closing Guantanamo and was working closely with Saudi Prince Mohammed bin Nayef on how to resolve the cases of 99 Yemeni detainees.

Adbduallah made an "unusual concession" at the end of the meeting, according to the cable, saying "be assured I am fully briefed on the work you are doing with Prince Mohammed bin Nayef."

The Brennan-Abdullah meeting is one of dozens of interesting anecdotes buried within the initial release of more than 250,000 secret U.S. government documents exposed by Wikileaks Sunday and posted online.

In a 2008 cable to Washington, U.S. ambassador to Kyrgyzstan, Tatiana Gfoeller, said a discussion with Britain's Prince Andrew was "astonishingly candid" and "at times verged on the rude (from the British side)."

The prince, who is a special British trade representative, displayed "almost neuralgic patriotism whenever any comparison between the United States and United Kingdom came up," according to the cable.

When a British businessman, who also participated in the discussion, pointed out that the United States had invested less in Kyrgyzstan relative to the size of its economy than Great Britain, the prince retorted, "No surprise there. The Americans don't understand geography. Never have. In the U.K., we have the best geography teachers in the world!"

Elton John headlined an exclusive 41st birthday party for the son-in-law of President Nazarbayev, reportedly to the tune of one million pounds. Nelly Furtado reportedly performed at a separate birthday celebration for a relative of the ruling elite, the cable said.

The document also highlights the Kazak leaders' affinity for alcohol and dancing. U.S. Embassy officials in the capital of Astana observed Kazak Prime Minister Masimov at one of the city's trendiest nightclubs, where he was seen dancing alone on an elevated platform.

"His companions quickly tired but Masimov remained," the cable said, "dancing alone and animatedly on the stage for another 15-20 minutes."

On a separate occasion, the country's Defense Minister Akhmetov showed up for a meeting with a senior U.S. defense department official in a drunken stupor.

"Slouching back in his chair and slurring all kinds of Russian participles -- Akhmetov explained to this very senior guest that he had just been at a cadet graduation reception 'toasting Kazakhstan's newly-commissioned officers,"' the cable reads. "Who was toasted more -- the Defense Minister or the cadets -- is a matter of pure speculation."

Another cable obtained by Wikileaks details a 75-year-old Los Angeles dentist's harrowing escape from Iran on horseback in January after officials in Tehran confiscated his passport.

Hossein Ghanbarzadeh Vahedi, a U.S. citizen of Iranian descent, paid $7,500 to two drug smugglers who led him on an extraordinary three-day trek into Turkey, including a 14-hour overnight ride through the mountains in temperatures below freezing.

A "visibly shaken" Vahedi ended up at the U.S. consulate in Ankara, suffering only from "some aches and pains," the cable said. Officials later helped him avoid deportation back to Iran by Turkish authorities and fly home to the U.S. to reunite with his family.

Vahedi had traveled to Tehran in May 2008 to visit his parents' gravesite and spent an uneventful four weeks there with family and friends. But when he tried to leave the country on June 6, authorities confiscated his passport and refused to let him leave.

Authorities sought a $150,000 fine to "make the process move more quickly" and assurances that his sons popular Persian pop singers who use "occasional anti-regime rhetoric" would end their music business, he told consular officials, according to the cable.

But after seven months of unsuccessful appeals before an Iranian court, Vahedi became desperate, believing a covert escape would be his only option of getting home.

Vahedi weighed being a stowaway on a ship across the Persian Gulf into the UAE; crossing through Baluchistan in southeast Iran into Pakistan; or, venturing into Iraq with hopes of connecting with U.S. military forces. He settled on a fourth option: crossing Iran's mountainous northwest border into Turkey.

On Jan. 7, 2009, the daring journey began when he set out on horseback in the cold darkness as two paid escorts led the way.

Vahedi, who was not properly dressed for the frigid temperatures, had the escorts "physically hug him to keep him warm," according to the cable. At one point during the treacherous climb, he fell from the horse and down into the woods.

"He really believed he was going to die by freezing to death on a mountainside," consular officials wrote in the cable.

Once in Turkey, Vahedi recovered briefly in a halfway house before taking a 10-hour bus ride to Ankara, where he found refuge in the U.S. consulate.

Embassy officials quietly deterred Turkish authorities from deporting Vahedi, who was technically an illegal immigrant to Turkey, back to Iran. He flew to the U.S. on Jan. 13.

Go here to see the original:
Wikileaks: Saudi King Urged Gitmo Chip Implants

How Does Cryptocurrency Work? – CryptoCurrency Facts

Cryptocurrency is an encrypted, decentralized digital currency transferred between peers and confirmed in a public ledger via a process known as mining.

Below, we take a simplified look at how cryptocurrencies like bitcoin work. First, lets review the basics and essentialsof cryptocurrency, and then we will do an overview of theother properties that have made cryptocurrency what it is today.

TIP: If the page below feels overwhelming, please see: how does cryptocurrency work (for beginners). Meanwhile, if you are mainly interested in trading, investing in, or using cryptocurrency, see how to trade cryptocurrency (for beginners). This page provides an overview of the mechanics behind cryptocurrency.

To understand how cryptocurrency works, youll need to learn a few basic concepts. Specifically:

Public Ledgers: All confirmed transactions from the start of a cryptocurrencys creation are stored in a public ledger. The identities of the coin owners are encrypted, and the system uses other cryptographic techniquesto ensure the legitimacy of record keeping. The ledger ensures that corresponding digital wallets can calculate an accuratespendable balance. Also, new transactions can be checked to ensure that eachtransaction usesonlycoins currentlyowned by the spender. Bitcoin calls thispublic ledger a transaction block chain.

Transactions: A transfer of funds between two digital wallets is called a transaction. That transaction gets submitted to a public ledger and awaits confirmation. Wallets use an encrypted electronic signature when a transaction is made. The signature is an encrypted piece of datacalled a cryptographic signature and it provides a mathematical proofthat the transaction came from the owner of the wallet. The confirmation process takes a bit of time (ten minutes for bitcoin) while miners mine. Mining confirms the transactions and adds them to the public ledger.

Mining: Mining is the process of confirming transactions and adding them to a public ledger. To add a transaction to the ledger, the miner must solvean increasingly-complex computational problem(like a mathematical puzzle). Mining is open source so that anyone can confirm the transaction. The first miner to solvethe puzzleadds a block of transactions to the ledger. The way in which transactions,blocks, and the public blockchain ledger work together ensure that no one individual can easily add or change a block at will. Once a blockis added to the ledger, all correlatingtransactions are permanent, and they add a small transaction fee to theminers wallet (along with newly created coins). The mining process is what gives value to the coins and is known as a proof-of-work system.

Although there can be exceptions to the rule, thereare some factors(beyond the basics above) that make cryptocurrency so different from thefinancialsystems ofthe past:

Adaptive Scaling: Adaptive scaling means that cryptocurrencies are built with measures to ensure that they will work well in both large and small scales.

Adaptive Scaling Example:Bitcoin is programmed to allow for onetransaction block to be mined approximately every ten minutes. The algorithm adjusts after every 2016 blocks (theoretically, thats every two weeks)to get easier or harder based on how long it took for those 2016 blocks to be mined. So if it only took 13 days for the network to mine 2016 blocks, that means its too easy to mine, so thedifficulty increases. However, if it takes 15 days for the network to mine 2016 blocks, that shows that its too hard to mind, so the difficulty decreases.

Other measures are included in digital coins to allow for adaptive scaling including limiting the supply over time (to create scarcity) and reducingthe reward for mining as more total coins are mined.

Cryptographic: Cryptocurrency uses a system ofcryptography (AKA encryption) to control the creation of coins and to verify transactions.

Decentralized: Most currencies in circulation are controlled by a centralized government so their creation can be regulated by a third party. Cryptocurrencys creation and transactions are open source, controlled by code, and rely onpeer-to-peer networks. There is no single entitythat can affect the currency.

Digital: Traditional forms of currencyare defined by a physical object (USD existing as paper money and in its early years being backed by gold for example), but cryptocurrency is all digital. Digital coins are stored in digital wallets and transferred digitally to otherpeoplesdigital wallets. No physical object ever exists.

Open Source: Cryptocurrencies are typically open source. That means that developers can create APIs without paying a fee and anyone can use or join the network.

Proof-of-work: Most cryptocurrencies use a proof-of-work system. Aproof-of-work schemeusesa hard-to-compute but easy-to-verify computational puzzleto limit exploitation of cryptocurrency mining. Essentially, itssimilar to a difficult to solve captcha that requires lots of computing power. NOTE: Other systems like proof-of-work (such as proof-of-stake) are also used.

Pseudonymity: Owners ofcryptocurrencykeep their digital coins in an encrypted digital wallet. A coin-holders identificationis stored in an encrypted address that they have control over it is not attached to a persons identity. The connection between you and your coinsis pseudonymous rather than anonymous as ledgers are open to the public (and thus, the ledgers could beused to glean information about groups of individuals in the network).

Value:For something to be an effective currency, it has to have value. TheUSdollarused to representactual gold. The gold was scarce and required work to mine and refine, so the scarcity and workgave the gold value. This, in turn, gave the US dollar value.

Cryptocurrency works similarly regarding value. In cryptocurrency, coins (which are nothing more than publicly agreed on records of ownership) are generated or producedby miners. These miners are people who runprograms on specializedhardware made specifically to solve proof-of-work puzzles. The work behind mining coins gives them value, while the scarcity of coins and demand for them causes their value to fluctuate. The idea of work giving value to currency is called a proof-of-work system. The other method forvalidating coins is called proof-of-stake. Value is also created when transactions are added to public ledgers as creating a verified transaction block takes work as well. Further, value comes from factors such as utility and supply and demand.

If at this point, you feel a little bit confused,dont worry and dont give up.Understanding the concepts that are fundamental to cryptocurrency is a challenge. One explanation works for some people, and a different explanation works of others. We all learn in different ways.

The trick with cryptocurrency is not getting worried if you dont understand it at first each new video, explanation, orarticle that you learn fromwill make your understanding of cryptocurrency clearer until, eventually, it clicks.

To learn more, visit some of the other, more technical pages on our site to dive deeper into the inner-workings of cryptocurrency. You can also watch informational videos about the howcryptocurrency works such as the one below.

Read the original post:
How Does Cryptocurrency Work? - CryptoCurrency Facts

Pamela Anderson visits ‘innocent man’ Julian Assange in …

Pamela Anderson has described Julian Assange as the worlds most innocent man and said a fight was on to save his life, after the actor and model visited the WikiLeaks founder at Belmarsh prison.

She was accompanied by the websites editor-in-chief, Kristinn Hrafnsson, for what WikiLeaks described as Assanges first social visit since he was arrested by police after Ecuador revoked the political asylum granted to him at the countrys London embassy.

A struggle over a US request for Assanges extradition is under way after he was jailed for just under a year for breaching bail conditions to avoid being extradited to Sweden. Assange took refuge in the Ecuadorian embassy in 2012 to avoid extradition over sexual assault allegations, which he denies.

An arrest warrant for Assange was issued in August 2010 for two separate sexual assault allegations in Sweden. Police questioned him in Stockholm, where he denied the allegations. After returning to the UK, he feared that if he were extradited to Sweden he might be extradited on to the US, where he could face charges over WikiLeaks publication of secret US government files.

In December 2010 he appeared at an extradition hearing in the UK, where he was granted bail. Following a legal battle, the courts ruled Assange should be extradited to Sweden. The WikiLeaks founder entered the Ecuadorian embassy in August 2012. He was granted political asylum, and remained there until his arrest.

In May 2017, Swedish authorities dropped their investigations. However, the British police warrant for his arrest for skipping bail still remained. Lawyers for Assange failed in January 2018 to have the warrant torn up, arguing it had lost its purpose and its function.

Scotland Yard has confirmed that Assange was arrested on behalf of the US after receiving a request for his extradition and the US has charged Assange with 'a federal charge of conspiracy to commit computer intrusion for agreeing to break a password to a classified U.S. government computer.'

Jamie Grierson, Home affairs correspondent

He does not deserve to be in a supermax prison. He has never committed a violent act. He is an innocent person, Anderson said outside the prison in south-east London, which is a maximum-security jail but holds a range of prisoners.

Anderson said he was really cut off from everybody and had not been able to access the internet, use a library or speak to his children.

He is a good man, he is an incredible person. I love him, I cant imagine what he has been going through, said Anderson, who was wearing what appeared to be a cape covered with text that made references to prison, tyranny and Oliver Cromwell.

She tweeted a link to a Wikipedia page for John Lilburne, an English Leveller who was a friend of Cromwell but whose opposition to the policies of his regime led to his trial for sedition in 1649. She also tweeted a photograph of a handwritten letter that appeared to have been signed by her and another celebrity supporter of Assange, the fashion designer Vivienne Westwood.

We need to save his life. That is how serious it is, Anderson said.

Hrafnsson, who last week criticised austerity and cutbacks in the prison system and said Assange usually spends 23 hours a day in his cell, added: He has lost weight but his spirit is strong and that is the most important thing.

During a court appearance last Thursday, Assange declined a chance to consent to his extradition to the US in a hearing at Westminster magistrates court, where lawyers for Washington began pressing the case to take him across the Atlantic. Ben Brandon, the counsel for the US government, said the charges related to one of the largest compromises of information in US history.

Swedish prosecutors have said they are considering reopening the investigation into rape and sexual assault allegations against Assange.

View original post here:
Pamela Anderson visits 'innocent man' Julian Assange in ...

Chelsea Manning Is Freed From Jail, Faces New Subpoena In …

Chelsea Manning, a former military intelligence analyst, was freed after refusing to testify about WikiLeaks, but she now faces a new subpoena. Ford Fischer/News2Share/Reuters hide caption

Chelsea Manning, a former military intelligence analyst, was freed after refusing to testify about WikiLeaks, but she now faces a new subpoena.

Chelsea Manning has been freed from jail, more than a month after she was taken into custody for refusing to testify before a grand jury in a case involving WikiLeaks and Julian Assange.

Manning was released Thursday afternoon, after the grand jury's term expired but the U.S. Attorney's Office in the Eastern District of Virginia already has subpoenaed her to appear before a new grand jury panel, according to a tweet from Manning's account.

Manning, a former military intelligence analyst, has acknowledged leaking hundreds of thousands of military and State Department documents to WikiLeaks in 2010, from battlefield reports to U.S. embassy cables. Those revelations sparked court martial proceedings against her and, more recently, culminated in criminal charges against Julian Assange, WikiLeaks' controversial founder.

Manning is due to return to federal court on May 16. Despite an offer of immunity, she has refused to answer questions about WikiLeaks, saying she already has shared what she knows.

The U.S. case against Assange gained new momentum just days after Manning was taken into custody in early April, as Assange was ejected from the Ecuadorian Embassy in London and arrested. Within hours, the U.S. unsealed an indictment against him.

That indictment states: "in March 2010, Assange engaged in a conspiracy with Chelsea Manning, a former intelligence analyst in the U.S. Army, to assist Manning in cracking a password stored on U.S. Department of Defense computers connected to ... a U.S. government network used for classified documents and communications."

Last month, U.S. District Judge Claude Hilton ruled Manning should stay in jail until she either testifies or a grand jury no longer wants to hear from her.

In a statement issued the day before she was taken into custody by U.S. marshals, Manning described prosecutors' questions to her: "All of the substantive questions pertained to my disclosures of information to the public in 2010 answers I provided in extensive testimony, during my court-martial in 2013."

Instead of answering those questions, Manning said, she told the court that she objected to them and would not reply on the grounds that they violated her "First, Fourth, and Sixth Amendment, and other statutory rights."

Manning was freed from a military prison in 2017, after former President Barack Obama reduced what had been a 35-year prison term to a sentence of about seven years shortly before he left office.

Read more:
Chelsea Manning Is Freed From Jail, Faces New Subpoena In ...

Chelsea Manning released from prison after 7 years of 35-year …

Manning was freed from Fort Leavenworth military prison in Kansas on Wednesday after serving just seven years of her 35-year sentence.Video provided by Newsy Newslook

In this undated file photo provided by the U.S. Army, Pfc. Chelsea Manning poses for a photo.(Photo: AP)

Pvt. Chelsea Manning wasreleased from Fort Leavenworth military prison Wednesday after serving seven years of a 35-year sentence for leaking thousands of diplomatic cables and other secret documents to WikiLeaks.

The transgender soldier, 29, who entered prison as a man named Bradley Manning, will remain anactive-duty, unpaid soldier, eligible for health care and other benefits while hercourt-martial conviction remains under appeal, said Dave Foster, an Army spokesman. She will alsohave access to commissaries and military exchanges, butwill not be paid.

"After another anxious four months of waiting, the day has finally arrived," Manning said in a statement after her release. "I am looking forward to so much! Whatever is ahead of me is far more important than the past. Im figuring things out right now which is exciting, awkward, fun, and all new for me."

Shealsotweeted"First Steps of Freedom!!" above a photo showing tennis shoe-clad feet presumably hers taking a step on a wood floor.

Nancy Hollander and Vincent Ward, Manning's clemency and appellate lawyers, said in a joint statement that she"has expressed her deep appreciation to her supporters and looks forward to the future."

Cynthia Smith, an Army spokesperson, confirmed Manning left Fort Leavenworth'sUnited States Disciplinary Barracks but declined to provideadditional information because ofprivacy act restrictions.

Manning was convicted of leaking more than 700,000 classified documents, including battlefield reports on Iraq and Afghanistan and State Department cables, while working as an intelligence analyst in Iraq. Manning said the leaks were intendedto expose wrongdoing.

The soldierwas arrested outside a U.S. Army basein Iraq in May 2010. Her 2013 sentence was commuted in the final days of the Obama administration, a move that infuriated some in the military as well as President Trump. She would have been eligible for parole in six years.

Chase Strangio, staff attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union, said that despite solitary confinement and four years of confinement, Manning "hasemerged with grace, resilience, and an inspiring amount of love for others."

READ MORE:

ThePulse Films production company announcedat the Cannes Film Festival in France that Manning would be filmed for a documentaryupon her release Wednesday.

Mannings mother Susan Manningtold the Guardianthat it will be very hard for Manning to adjust after four years in prison, but that she will bestaying in Maryland where she has family to look out for her.

"Chelsea is so intelligent and talented, I hope she now has the chance to go to college to complete her studies, and to do and be whatever she wants," Susan Manning told the newspaper. "My message to Chelsea? Two words: Go, girl!

Courage Foundation, an international organization thatsupports people who place themselves at risk tocontributetohistorical records,Reporters Without Borders Germany and the German-based nonprofitWau Holland Foundation, which says it supports moral courage in the digital realm, started a fundraisingcampaignWednesday to help Manningpay for her legalappeal.

Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2qrzxQQ

Original post:
Chelsea Manning released from prison after 7 years of 35-year ...

Chelsea Manning has been released from jail – CBS News

Chelsea Manning was released from jail Thursday after spending 62 days at a Virginia detention center for refusing to comply with a grand jury subpoena. Manning was released after the grand jury term expired.

A post on Manning's Twitter account, which was being run by her supporters while she was in jail, said federal prosecutors had subpoenaed her for another grand jury on May 16.

Her lawyers told the Associated Press she will again refuse to answer questions and could again face another term of incarceration.

Manning, a former Army intelligence officer, was sent to the Alexandria, Virginia facility on March 8. Manning said then she objects to the secrecy of the grand jury process, and said she had already revealed everything she knows at her court martial.

Manning, who is transgender, gained attention after being convicted in 2013 for leaking classified government and military documents to WikiLeaks. She hadworked as an intelligence analyst in Iraqand was arrested in 2010. At the time of her arrest, her name was Bradley.

She served seven years of a 35-year military sentence for leaking the trove of documents to the anti-secrecy website before then-President Obamacommuted her sentencein 2017 -- one of his final acts as president. In May that year,she was releasedfrom a Kansas military prison.

Earlier this week, Manning's lawyers filed court papers arguing that she should not be jailed for civil contempt because she has proven that she will stick to her principles and won't testify no matter how long she's jailed.

Federal law only allows a recalcitrant witness to be jailed on civil contempt if there's a chance that the incarceration will coerce the witness into testifying. If a judge were to determine that incarcerating Manning were punitive rather than coercive, Manning would not be jailed.

"At this point, given the sacrifices she has already made, her strong principles, her strong and growing support community, and the disgrace attendant to her capitulation, it is inconceivable that Chelsea Manning will ever change her mind about her refusal to cooperate with the grand jury," her lawyers wrote.

Manning filed an eight-page statement with the court on Monday, outlining her resolve. She wrote that "cooperation with this grand jury is simply not an option. Doing so would mean throwing away all of my principles, accomplishments, sacrifices, and erase decades of my reputation - an obvious impossibility," she wrote.

She also said she was suffering disproportionately in jail because of physical problems related with inadequate follow-up care to gender-reassignment surgery.

Read this article:
Chelsea Manning has been released from jail - CBS News

Chelsea Manning released from jail – usatoday.com

Manning, who divulged massive amounts of information to WikiLeaks, had her sentence commuted Tuesday by President Obama. USA TODAY NETWORK

Chelsea Manning, theformer U.S. Army intelligence analyst who provided information to WikiLeaks, was released from jail Thursday after the grand jury she refused to testify before expired, her lawyerssaid in a statement.

A federal judge ordered Manning into custody about two months ago after she refused to cooperate in the grandjury's investigation into the anti-secrecy group.

But her lawyers said shemay return to jail as soon as next weekand be held in contempt of court again. Manning was served with another subpoena while at a detention center in Alexandria,Virginia and is expected to appear in court on May 16.

Detention: Chelsea Manning jailed for contempt after refusing to testify in WikiLeaks grand jury investigation

Feature: Chelsea Manning talks prison, living as trans and dating in 'Vogue'

Chelsea will continue to refuse to answer questions, and will use every available legal defense to prove to District Judge Trenga that she has just cause for her refusal to give testimony," her legal team said in a statement.

Manning was sentenced to 35 years in prison in 2013 for her role in leaking a cache of classified government material to WikiLeaks. Her case attracted heightened attention because of her status as a transgender soldier.President Barack Obama commuted her sentence in 2017.

Chelsea Manning was jailed for contempt in Alexandria, Virginia after refusing to provide information about WikiLeaks to a grand jury.(Photo: Handout)

In refusing to testify in March, Manning claimed that she had already provided the government "extensive testimony" during her 2013 prosecution.

"In solidarity with many activists facing the odds, I will stand by my principles," Manning said in a statement before thehearing. "I will exhaust every legal remedy available."

Contributing: Kevin Johnson, USA TODAY

Read or Share this story: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/05/09/chelsea-manning-released-jail/1160846001/

Read more:
Chelsea Manning released from jail - usatoday.com

Chelsea Manning released from jail after 62 days on …

Former Army intelligence analyst Chelsea Manning was released from a northern Virginia jail Thursday after a two-month stay for refusing to testify to a grand jury.

Manning spent 62 days at the Alexandria Detention Center on civil contempt charges after she refused to answer questions to a federal grand jury investigating WikiLeaks.

Her lawyers fear her freedom may be short-lived, though. She was released only because the grand jury's term expired. Before she left the jail, she received another subpoena demanding her testimony on May 16 to a new grand jury.

Her lawyers say she will again refuse to answer questions and could again face another term of incarceration.

Manning served seven years in a military prison for leaking a trove of documents to WikiLeaks before then-President Barack Obama commuted the remainder of her 35-year sentence.

Earlier this week, Manning's lawyers filed court papers arguing that she should not be jailed for civil contempt because she has proven that she will stick to her principles and won't testify no matter how long she's jailed.

Federal law only allows a recalcitrant witness to be jailed on civil contempt if there's a chance that the incarceration will coerce the witness into testifying. If a judge were to determine that incarcerating Manning were punitive rather than coercive, Manning would not be jailed.

"At this point, given the sacrifices she has already made, her strong principles, her strong and growing support community, and the disgrace attendant to her capitulation, it is inconceivable that Chelsea Manning will ever change her mind about her refusal to cooperate with the grand jury," her lawyers wrote.

Manning filed an eight-page statement with the court on Monday, outlining her resolve. She wrote that "cooperation with this grand jury is simply not an option. Doing so would mean throwing away all of my principles, accomplishments, sacrifices, and erase decades of my reputation an obvious impossibility," she wrote.

She also said she was suffering disproportionately in jail because of physical problems related with inadequate follow-up care to gender-reassignment surgery.

See the rest here:
Chelsea Manning released from jail after 62 days on ...

Fidelity Said to Offer Cryptocurrency Trading Within a Few …

Fidelity Investments, which began a custody service to store Bitcoin earlier this year, will buy and sell the worlds most popular digital asset for institutional customers within a few weeks, according to a person familiar with the matter.

The Boston-based firm, one of the largest asset managers in the world, created Fidelity Digital Assets in October in a bet that Wall Streets nascent appetite for trading and safeguarding digital currencies will grow. It also puts Fidelity a step ahead of its top competitors that have mostly stayed on the sidelines so far. The firm said in October that it would offer over-the-counter trade execution and order routing for Bitcoin early this year.

Fidelity would join brokerages E*Trade Financial Corp. and Robinhood in offering cryptocurrency trading to clients, though Fidelity is only targeting institutional customers and not retail investors like E*trade and Robinhood, said the person, who asked not to be named discussing private matters. A study released by Fidelity on May 2 found that 47 percent of institutional investors think digital assets are worth investing in.

We currently have a select set of clients were supporting on our platform, Fidelity spokeswoman Arlene Roberts said in en email. We will continue to roll out our services over the coming weeks and months based on our clients needs, jurisdictions, and other factors. Currently, our service offering is focused on Bitcoin.

According to the survey, which questioned 441 institutional investors from November to February, 72 percent prefer to buy investment products that hold digital assets, while 57 percent choose to buy them directly.

The hurdle to make crypto appeal to more mainstream investors is that it continues to be plagued with fraud, theft and regulatory infractions. The latest case involves the New York attorney general accusing Bitfinex, one of the largest Bitcoin exchanges, of hiding the loss of about $850 million in client and corporate cash. Vancouver-based Quadriga Fintech Solutions Corp., which is going through bankruptcy in Canada, owes 115,000 clients about $193 million in cryptocurrencies and cash after the death of founder Gerry Cotten last year.

Bitcoin has jumped more than 50 percent this year, extending the wild price swings that have attracted many individual investors to the mostly unregulated coin. The original digital currency gained widespread notoriety when it surged 1,400 percent in 2017, before tumbling 74 percent last year.

Before it's here, it's on the Bloomberg Terminal.

See more here:
Fidelity Said to Offer Cryptocurrency Trading Within a Few ...