NEW YORK, NY / ACCESSWIRE / June 9, 2022 / Faruqi & Faruqi, LLP, a leading national securities law firm, is investigating potential claims against Arqit Quantum Inc. f/k/a Centricus Acquisition Corp. ("Arqit" or the "Company") (NASDAQ:ARQQ,ARQQW,CENH,CENHU,CENHW) and reminds investors of the July 5, 2022 deadline to seek the role of lead plaintiff in a federal securities class action that has been filed against the Company.

If you (i) suffered losses exceeding $100,000 investing in Arqit stock or options between September 7, 2021 and April 18, 2022, and/or (ii) were a holder of Centricus securities as of the record date for the special meeting of shareholders held on August 31, 2021 to consider approval of the merger between Arqit and Centricus (the "Merger") and would like to discuss your legal rights, call Faruqi & Faruqi partner Josh Wilson directly at 877-247-4292 or 212-983-9330 (Ext. 1310). You may also click here for additional information: http://www.faruqilaw.com/ARQQ.

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There is no cost or obligation to you.

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Faruqi & Faruqi is a leading minority and Woman-owned national securities law firm with offices in New York, Pennsylvania, California and Georgia.

As detailed below, the lawsuit focuses on whether the Company and its executives violated federal securities laws by making false and/or misleading statements and/or failing to disclose that: (1) Arqit's proposed encryption technology would require widespread adoption of new protocols and standards of for telecommunications; (2) British cybersecurity officials questioned the viability of Arqit's proposed encryption technology in a meeting in 2020; (3) the British government was not an Arqit customer but, rather, providing grants to Arqit; (4) Arqit had little more than an early-stage prototype of its encryption system at the time of the Merger; and (5) as a result, Defendants' statements about its business, operations, and prospects, were materially false and misleading and/or lacked a reasonable basis at all relevant times.

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On April 18, 2022, The Wall Street Journal (the "WSJ") published an article titled, "British Encryption Startup Arqit Overstates Its Prospects, Former Staff and Others Say." The WSJ article stated, in relevant part:

When the company secured its Nasdaq listing last autumn, its revenue consisted of a handful of government grants and small research contracts, and its signature product was an early-stage prototype unable to encrypt anything in practical use, according to [former employees and other people familiar with the company]. The encryption technology the company hinges on-a system to protect against next-generation quantum computers-might never apply beyond niche uses, numerous people inside and outside the company warned, unless there were a major overhaul of internet protocols.

British cybersecurity officials questioned the viability of Arqit's proposed approach to encryption technology in a high-level evaluation they privately shared with the company in the summer of 2020, according to people familiar with the matter.

The U.S. National Security Agency and the NCSC published separate assessments in recent years warning against using satellite-based encryption systems like those Arqit is proposing to integrate into its current product in the next few years. The NSA said its warning was unrelated to any specific vendor, a spokesperson said.

The encryption system-with or without its satellite components-depends on the broad adoption of new protocols and standards for telecommunications, cloud computing and internet services that currently aren't widely supported, people familiar with the matter said.

Steve Weis, a San Francisco-based cryptographer and entrepreneur, said that what Arqit was proposing-relying in part on transmitting quantum information from satellites-is a well-known 1980s-era technology with limited real-world application. "There have been many proofs of concept and companies trying to sell products," he said. "The issue is that there is no practical-use case."

Key to the company's pitch was its claim that it had a large stream of future revenue locked in as the product was live and already selling well. "Customers are using the Arqit products today-and they are universally finding it to be an important part of their technology future," Mr. Williams said in an August investor presentation shortly before the merger closed. He added, "The Quantum Cloud product is live for service and we already have $130 million in signed committed revenue contracts."

"These are contracts where the revenues will definitely be delivered," the CEO said.

The people familiar with the matter said that the bulk of the company's committed revenue isn't from selling its product and that at its public launch, the company had little more than an early-stage prototype of its encryption system. Several clients the company lists-including a number of British government agencies-are simply giving Arqit research grants, nonbinding memorandums of understanding or research agreements that come with no funding, not contracts for its encryption product, they said.

No commercial customer was using Arqit's encryption system with live data when it made its market debut in September, the people said, and the system couldn't meaningfully use any of the common internet protocols required to do nearly anything online. They said it has signed two master distribution agreements with BT Group [] PLC and Sumitomo Corp. [] for the still-unrealized satellite component of its technology that are cancelable under certain conditions.

On this news, Arqit share price fell $2.57 per share, or 17%, to close at $12.49 per share on April 18, 2022, damaging investors.

The court-appointed lead plaintiff is the investor with the largest financial interest in the relief sought by the class who is adequate and typical of class members who directs and oversees the litigation on behalf of the putative class. Any member of the putative class may move the Court to serve as lead plaintiff through counsel of their choice, or may choose to do nothing and remain an absent class member. Your ability to share in any recovery is not affected by the decision to serve as a lead plaintiff or not.

Faruqi & Faruqi, LLP also encourages anyone with information regarding Arqit's conduct to contact the firm, including whistleblowers, former employees, shareholders and others.

Attorney Advertising. The law firm responsible for this advertisement is Faruqi & Faruqi, LLP (www.faruqilaw.com). Prior results do not guarantee or predict a similar outcome with respect to any future matter. We welcome the opportunity to discuss your particular case. All communications will be treated in a confidential manner.

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In October 2017, Yahoo! disclosed a data breach that had leaked sensitive information of over 3 billion user accounts, exposing them to identity theft. The company had to force all affected users to change passwords and re-encrypt their credentials. In recent years, there have been several instances of such security breaches that have left users vulnerable.

Almost everything we do on the internet is encrypted for security. The strength of this encryption depends on the quality of random number generation, says Nithin Abraham, a PhD student at the Department of Electrical Communication Engineering (ECE), Indian Institute of Science (IISc). Abraham is a part of a team led by Kausik Majumdar, Associate Professor at ECE, which has developed a true random number generator (TRNG), which can improve data encryption and provide better security for sensitive digital data such as credit card details, passwords and other personal information. The study describing this device has been published in the journal ACS Nano.

Encrypted information can be decoded only by authorised users who have access to a cryptographic key. But the key needs to be unpredictable and, therefore, randomly generated to resist hacking. Cryptographic keys are typically generated in computers using pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs), which rely on mathematical formulae or pre-programmed tables to produce numbers that appear random but are not. In contrast, a TRNG extracts random numbers from inherently random physical processes, making it more secure.

In IIScs TRNG device, random numbers are generated using the random motion of electrons. It consists of an artificial electron trap constructed by stacking atomically-thin layers of materials like black phosphorus and graphene. The current measured from the device increases when an electron is trapped, and decreases when it is released. Since electrons move in and out of the trap in a random manner, the measured current also changes randomly. The timing of this change determines the generated random number. You cannot predict exactly at what time the electron is going to enter the trap. So, there is an inherent randomness that is embedded in this process, explains Majumdar.

The performance of the device on the standard tests for cryptographic applications designed by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has exceeded Majumdars own expectations. When the idea first struck me, I knew it would be a good random number generator, but I didnt expect it to have a record-high min-entropy, he says.

Min-entropy is a parameter used to measure the performance of TRNGs. Its value ranges from 0 (completely predictable) to 1 (completely random). The device from Majumdars lab showed a record-high min-entropy of 0.98, a significant improvement over previously reported values, which were around 0.89. Ours is by far the highest reported min-entropy among TRNGs, says Abraham.

The teams electronic TRNG is also more compact than its clunkier counterparts that are based on optical phenomena, says Abraham. Since our device is purely electronic, millions of such devices can be created on a single chip, adds Majumdar. He and his group plan to improve the device by making it faster and developing a new fabrication process that would enable the mass production of these chips.

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Using the random motion of electrons to improve cybersecurity - Help Net Security

SAN FRANCISCO -- Enterprises are facing multilayered cyberextortion campaigns that combine data theft, public shaming and system encryption, which are increasing the pressure on victims to pay ransoms.

During an RSA Conference 2022 session Wednesday, David Wong, vice president at Mandiant, and Nick Bennett, vice president of professional services at Mandiant, provided case studies and anecdotal data that compared the outcomes of two clients that each suffered a ransomware attack and various cyberextortion attempts. While one client was more prepared to deal with a successful attack than the other, the examples highlighted an increasing persistence from attackers that pays off if the victim is ill-equipped.

Bennett highlighted some of the newer cyberextortion tactics that ransomware gangs and cybercriminals are using to pressure victims to pay. Encrypting data and demanding payments for decryption keys is only one of the tactics used by threat actors, he said.

"We see them reaching out directly to the victim's customers and antagonizing those customers," Bennett said. "We see them reaching out to the media to get more heat on the victim. We see them sometimes even reaching out to regulators that have jurisdiction over the victims."

The first case study involved a company that had relative success, despite it being the client's first incident response situation, because of some key factors in place. The client had implemented multifactor authentication across all remote access technologies, kept aggregated logs, understood its Active Directory environment, was ready to issue public statements and had a clear plan of whom to contact during all attack stages.

Bennett said that enabled Mandiant to react more swiftly and effectively in its incident response investigation.

"The client's team was confident, they were motivated, and importantly, they were authorized by leadership to make decisions and execute," Bennett said during the session.

On the other hand, the second client did not have confidence in bringing its environment back online, Bennett noted. The company was also worried about encryption starting again and feared public leaking of its data. Overall, the client just wanted to get the attacker to back down. Subsequently, Bennett said, it ended up paying a hefty ransom in the million-dollar range.

Wong also provided an example of an incident response case where the company had a policy against paying. While he said Mandiant agrees with that approach, sometimes they start ransom negotiations with the threat actor to stall and gain additional information on the attack, with no intention of paying. However, this company refused to engage in negotiations at all.

In return, the threat actor got nervous and followed through with posting the company's data on a public leak site, Wong said. That alerted the victim's customers, which caused further problems.

"The attacker started DDoS campaigns, they started calling customers because of that multifaceted extortion ransomware attack where they keep trying to put pressure on you, and you don't have much time to respond because you didn't prepare, and now you've got customers calling you," Wong said. "You need to think about those types of strategies, and it's not anything the IT can do -- it's your lawyers, communication teams and the business folks."

Another factor that is contributing to paying ransoms is cyber insurance, both from a company standpoint as well as incentives for attackers. Wong said that although it's an unpopular opinion, sometimes if companies are insured for ransomware coverage, they will pay because it has little effect on their bottom line.

Payal Chakravarty, head of product at cyber insurance company Coalition, echoed that sentiment in an interview with SearchSecurity. Some companies have become confident that if something happens, they will be covered.

"A few customers say, 'Why are you bothering to alert me, you've got me covered,' or 'I have insurance, so why are you telling me to fix things?'" Chakravarty said. "Additionally, if attackers know you're insured, they'll attack you because there's a higher chance of paying it."

Mandiant also addressed a problem stemming from alerts. In both incident response scenarios detailed during the presentation, Bennett said, the victims were equipped with endpoint security tools that identified credential harvesting and issued an alert. However, the human expertise was lacking.

Bennett said there's often failure in the analyst being able to see the alert, understand the full context and piece it together as part of a more significant event.

Chakravarty has observed similar problems with responses to alerts. In some cases, they are ignored, she said. Other times, there are too many people to loop in, or the person who received the alerts no longer works for that company.

"Recently we started tracking preventability, and almost 50% to 60% of ransomware cases are preventable if they had responded [to alerts]," Chakravarty said.

When Mandiant clients do pay, Wong said, nearly 100% do not attempt to recover the funds, even when law enforcement offers to do so. Several reasons contribute to that decision, including cyber insurance and potential attack reciprocation.

"You just suffered a ransomware attack and made that difficult decision to pay, and once you do, you don't really want to open that can of worms," Wong said during the session. "I do want to give law enforcement credit -- for a lot of crimes, you can follow the money and tackle the problem. But with ransomware today, if the victims aren't really trying to recover those funds, it will make it a lot harder for law enforcement, and we're going to have to tackle this in a different way."

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Mandiant: Cyberextortion schemes increasing pressure to pay - TechTarget

From securing websites to signing software, youll find asymmetric cryptography (including encryption) in use virtually everywhere online. Heres what you need to know about the cryptographic process that helps keep your data secure online

Asymmetric encryption is the backbone of internet security. Without it, stealing your critically sensitive data is as easy as taking candy from a baby for most cybercriminals. Weve seen plenty of the painful reminders over the last few years in data breaches that resulted from expired SSL/TLS certificates. (Hence why we always talk about the importance of certificate management to avoid these issues.)

But what is asymmetric encryption? Well start with a quick public key encryption definition before moving on to explore this more technical topic at length. Dont worry, well try to keep this briefer than our usual tome-style explanatory posts.

Lets hash it out.

To put it simply, asymmetric encryption encrypts and decrypts the data shared between two parties in public, insecure channels (like the internet). This process involves using two separate but related keys. In a nutshell, its all about securing your sensitive information to keep it out of the hands of unauthorized users or entities (e.g., cybercriminals) when you need to upload it to a website, send it via email, etc.

Asymmetric encryption is also part of whats known as asymmetric key cryptography and public key cryptography because the two keys used are mathematically related but unique (hence, asymmetric):

Heres a basic look at how this process occurs using the two keys:

Frankly, asymmetric encryption is a term that sounds more complex and intimidating than it actually is. Once you understand the basics, the whole thing will make a lot more sense. But if all of this is a bit hard to grasp, lets imagine that you have a special safe that uses two locks one key locks the safe and the other opens it. Likewise with asymmetric encryption, anyone who has access to the public key can use it to encrypt data, but only the person who has access to the private key can decrypt that information.

Asymmetric encryption is at the heart of a framework known as public key infrastructure. We arent going to get into the specifics of how PKI works because, frankly, describing it in every article is a bit of a time suck and gets monotonous. So, well just give you a quick summary before moving on: PKI is the foundation of technologies, policies, and processes that enables us to send sensitive data securely across the internet. It relies on a combination of public- and private-key algorithms, digital certificates, and policies.

The purpose of encryption is to ensure that any sensitive data you want to share with a specific person is kept secret to everyone except your intended recipient. This is necessary because we live in a time when we share and transmit data via multiple ISPs and routers, and many miles of cables beneath the oceans.

Historically, you used to have to meet up with someone face to face to exchange messages or secret keys to unlock future communications. (This is known as key distribution.) This process typically required taking a horse, boat or train to meet up with the other party to give them a copy of your secret key. But with the internet, these time-consuming rendezvous needed to exchange communications have been replaced with near-instant digital communications via the internet.

This is all fine and dandy except for one (not so teensy) little issue: the internet is incredibly insecure. Without a way for users to securely exchange keys to encrypt their data, then anyone could intercept the communications in transit. Asymmetric encryption solves this key distribution issue by creating a way to securely exchange keys (or key-related data) without ever having to meet the other party in person.

Encryption works by applying a complex mathematical formula to your original plain text (readable) data to convert it into a long, indecipherable data string. So, if you took the message I cant wait for season 4 of Stranger Things! and encrypted it using a 2048-bit RSA public key (more on RSA later), youd wind up with a gibberish message that looks like this:

Clearly, this isnt something that any human being can make heads or tails of in terms of deciphering the message thats a good thing when it comes to keeping your sensitive information secret. The good news is that computers allow us to use encryption keys this size and larger to encrypt data in a secure way so that unauthorized users cant access it.

What makes this even better news is that even if a bad guy tried using a modern supercomputer to try to crack the key, theyd still be out of luck. This is because the sheer computational processing resources and time required would span far longer than their entire lifetime and the lifetimes of many generations of family members that follow i.e., were talking millions of years here.

Well talk you through the process of how asymmetric key encryption works later in the article. But for now, we want to point out that asymmetric key encryption isnt the only tool we have up our sleeves when it comes to PKI

Technically, asymmetric encryption could be used on its own as a way to send and receive data. But why would you want to do that? Its just too bulky and resource-intensive to be used for that purpose at scale. (Not good for large businesses that handle a lot of connections to their websites and services.) This is why, in many cases, asymmetric encryption is used initially as a way to securely exchange sensitive data between two parties before they switch to using symmetric encryption for the rest of the exchange.

Symmetric encryption, or whats sometimes called symmetric key encryption, uses just one key for both for data encryption and decryption. This means that theres only a single key that must be kept secure hence, why this method of encryption is known as private key encryption or secret key encryption.

Symmetric encryption is faster and also is thought to be more secure than asymmetric encryption when the parties are using smaller key sizes. (When using large key sizes, asymmetric encryption wipes the floor with symmetric encryption but does so at the cost of speed.) But each cryptographic approach has its uses and applications. Check out our other article to learn more about the difference between asymmetric vs symmetric encryption.

So now that we know what asymmetric key encryption is and have a basic idea of what it does, lets explore a few examples of how you can use it to improve your organizations data security:

Algorithms are, basically, the instructions that computers use to solve a problem. Asymmetric key encryption algorithms come in different flavors or varieties for you to choose from. But you cant take a one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to selecting the right asymmetric encryption algorithms to meet your needs.

Of course, there are clear differences between many of these asymmetric key algorithms how they operate, what their specific key lengths and security strengths are, etc. You have to choose the right one based on your needs or use cases. Lets quickly explore two of the most common public key encryption algorithms:

Of course, RSA isnt the only asymmetric key exchange algorithm. Here are a few other notable algorithms worth mentioning for secure remote key distribution as well:

To learn more about each of the different types of asymmetric algorithms, be sure to check back with us over the next few months. Well publish an article that will focus on that exact topic (much like what we did with symmetric encryption algorithms).

Asymmetric encryption between two parties works by using a public key to encrypt data and a private key to decrypt it. The process looks something like this:

If you were to break down what this process looks like, lets consider the Stranger Things example from earlier. Lets say I want to send you the following message: I cant wait for season 4 of Stranger Things! (Not sure why this message would be sensitive enough to require encryption, but lets just run with it.) In this case, Ill use your public key (which looks something like this when using a 2048-bit RSA key) to decrypt the data:

When you apply it to the message, youll wind up with the data string we showed you earlier:

Obviously, you wont know what Im saying with the message still encrypted. Youll then use your private key, which is considerably longer to decrypt the data string:

This will then decrypt the data and allow you to read the original plain text message.

Dont worry, well cover all of this more in depth in a future article. Stay tuned for that!

Alright, weve droned on enough about asymmetric cryptography and its corresponding encryption and key exchange algorithms. Hopefully, youll leave this article with greater knowledge of asymmetric cryptosystems than you started with.

Asymmetric encryption and key exchange algorithms are the cornerstones of modern public key infrastructure. Without them, there would be no way to remotely exchange sensitive or otherwise secret information via public channels like the internet. Wed still be using clandestine face-to-face meetings like stereotypical spies from Hollywood films.

Understanding what asymmetric encryption is and how it all works is the first step to helping strengthen your organizations cyber defenses. When you realize the importance of managing your certificates and protecting your cryptographic keys, itll help you avoid many of the pitfalls that help companies make unflattering headlines due to data breaches and other security incidents.

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Asymmetric Encryption: What It Is & Why Your Security Depends on It - Hashed Out by The SSL Store

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Companies operating in the Aes Encryption SoftwareDell, Eset, Gemalto, IBM, Mcafee, Microsoft, Pkware, Sophos, Symantec, Thales E-Security, Trend Micro, Cryptomathic, Stormshield

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Table of Contents1.1 Study Scope1.2 Key Market Segments1.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Vessel Monitoring System Software Revenue1.4 Market Analysis by Type1.4.1 Aes Encryption Software Size Growth Rate by Type: 2020 VS 20281.5 Market by Application1.5.1 Aes Encryption Software Share by Application: 2020 VS 20281.6 Study Objectives1.7 Years Considered1.8 Continue

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Aes Encryption Software Market is Expected to Reach US$ 43.33 Bn by the End of 2031-Dell, Eset, Gemalto, IBM, Mcafee, Microsoft, Pkware, Sophos,...

Senate Bill 1000, which would require law enforcement agencies throughout California to find alternatives to encrypting their radio communications, received a 5-2 vote from the Senate Appropriation Committee on May 19, 2022. Embarcadero Media file photo.

State Sen. Josh Becker's proposal to require police departments to find alternatives to radio encryption took another major step forward Thursday when the Senate Appropriations Committee voted to advance the bill.

The committee's 5-2 vote means that Senate Bill 1000 will now advance for a full vote by the state Senate. The bill would still need to clear the state Assembly and get the governors signature before it becomes law.

State Sen. Josh Becker, D-Menlo Park, speaks to media about school reopenings at Barron Park Elementary in Palo Alto on March 2, 2021. Photo by Magali Gauthier.

Becker's bill addresses a recent trend by police departments throughout California, including in Palo Alto, to encrypt their radio communications, a practice that removed the historic ability of journalists and members of the general public to monitor police activities through a police scanner.

SB 1000 would require agencies to come up with policies that would open up communications while ensuring that personal identifiable information such as Social Security numbers and criminal records remains protected. Some agencies, including the California Highway Patrol, already have such policies in place.

Though Palo Alto moved to encrypt police radio communication in January 2021, the City Council has since come out in support of the Becker bill. The legislation has also been endorsed by the California Newspaper Publishers Association and the California Broadcasters Association.

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Senate bill to limit police encryption scores another victory - The Almanac Online

London, UK, May 24, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Hoping Club, a global asset management and investment organization, revealed that it will invest in a startup in the field of digital cryptoin Singapore, and the specific details are under negotiation.The investment is led by thunder flight, the Singapore Branch of Hoping Club, to help Hoping Club expand its investment business in the field of digitalcrypto. Singapore is a popular location for cryptocurrency companies and one of the pioneers in formulating a formal licensing framework in the world. Because the regulatory and operating environment is relatively clear, it has attracted many technology giants to settle down, and has also been favored by many financial investment fields.

Hoping Club is an investment organization founded on Wall Street by KobySadan, CEO of VikingLongFundMasterLtd. At the beginning, the company only did simple investment business. In just a few years, it went out of Wall Street and became a multinational organization. Its investment involves traditional and emerging fields such as real estate, financial bonds, heavy metals, energy and digital crypto.

Initial Stage Based on Local

Hoping Club is headquartered on Wall Street in Manhattan, New York. In July 2012, Koby Sadan, CEO of Viking Long Master Fund Ltd., founded Hoping Club in order to try to expand the investment field outside the fund's stocks. The early members of Hoping Club are composed of senior managers of major investment banks on Wall Street. The organization has three departments: stock investment, fund investment and futures venture capital. Koby Sadan has rich investment experience. With the support of Viking Long Master Fund Ltd., Hoping Club won its first battle in the financial market.

Medium Term Global Perspective& FutureChallenge Technology

In recent years, Hoping Club has also been involved in high liquidity digital crypto assets, digital art NFT collection and decentralized financial investment including technology, IT, blockchain and digital quantification. Hoping Club has established a digital team composed of 30 data scientists and engineers, which is responsible for the comprehensive digital upgrading of business model and technological innovation in the investment field, and applies big data analysis to the investment decision-making process. Hoping Club has become an organization focusing on practice and research. They will formulate a detailed investment strategy according to their own industry survey, and encourage the team to find new ideas.

Under this mechanism, the new technology and culture empower Hoping Club to achieve a win-win situation between members and the guild through a complete ecology, and achieve new breakthroughs in the wave of new technology.

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Hoping Club will invest in startup in the field of digital encryption in Singapore - GlobeNewswire

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Market Development: Comprehensive information about emerging markets. This report analyzes the market for various segments across geographies.

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Excerpt from:
Hard Drive Encryption Software Market Is Expected to Boom: Dell, Eset, Gemalto The Daily Vale - The Daily Vale

Source: Luke Filipowicz/iMore

WhatsApp has rolled out a new beta to iOS users that includes a tweaked privacy and encryption message while also linking out to more information for those who want to learn about what it means for them.

The latest WhatsApp beta tweaks something that was already added in a previous one a new line of text that reminds users their chats are encrypted and adds a link to a page that further explains what the use of encryption actually offers users and what it protects.

WABetaInfo has all the details:

After updating to the new WhatsApp beta for iOS 22.11.0.73 update, a new footer for end-to-end encryption shows up at the bottom of your status updates, call history, chats list, and devices list. The page that shows up when tapping the footer informs people what is secured by end-to-end encryption: text and voice messages, audio and video calls, photos, videos, and documents, location sharing, and status updates.

Notably, the page that is now linked to isn't actually a new one and is instead an existing explainer that can be found within the settings portion of the app.

Encryption is an important part of WhatsApp and it's one of the reasons that it is one of the best iPhone messaging apps around. It isn't the only offering that features encryption, of course, but its large user base and cross-platform support makes it a great solution for people that need to be able to communicate with people on other platforms, including Android and Windows-based PCs.

Visit link:
WhatsApp beta update seeks to remind everyone why encryption is so vital - iMore

A researcher has shown how a type of vulnerability affecting many ransomware families can be exploited to control the malware and terminate it before it can encrypt files on compromised systems.

Researcher John Page (aka hyp3rlinx) has been running a project called Malvuln, which catalogs vulnerabilities found in various pieces of malware.

The Malvuln project was launched in early 2021. SecurityWeek wrote about it in January 2021, when it only had two dozen entries, and again in June 2021, when it had reached 260 entries. As of May 4, 2022, Malvuln has cataloged nearly 600 malware vulnerabilities.

In the first days of May, Page added 10 new entries describing vulnerabilities found in the Conti, REvil, Loki Locker, Black Basta, AvosLocker, LockBit, and WannaCry ransomware families.

The researcher found that these and likely other ransomware families are affected by DLL hijacking vulnerabilities. These types of flaws can typically be exploited for arbitrary code execution and privilege escalation by placing a specially crafted file in a location where it would get executed before the legitimate DLL.

In the case of ransomware, an attacker can create a DLL file with the same name as a DLL that is searched for and ultimately loaded by the ransomware. If the new DLL is placed next to the ransomware executable, it will be executed instead of the malware. This can be used to intercept the malware and terminate it before it can encrypt any files.

The researcher noted that the DLLs can be hidden he does this in his PoC videos by using the Windows attrib +s +h command.

Endpoint protection systems and/or antivirus can potentially be killed prior to executing malware, but this method cannot as theres nothing to kill the DLL just lives on disk waiting, Page explained. From a defensive perspective, you can add the DLLs to a specific network share containing important data as a layered approach.

Page told SecurityWeek that some of the ransomware samples he tested are very recent, but noted that the method works against nearly every ransomware, comparing it to a Pandoras box of vulnerabilities.

The researcher has also published videos showing exploitation of the vulnerabilities for each ransomware. The videos show how the malware is prevented from encrypting files if a specially crafted DLL file is placed in the same folder as the ransomware executable.

The Malvuln database stores information on authentication bypass, command/code execution, hardcoded credentials, DoS, SQL injection, XSS, XXE, CSRF, path traversal, information disclosure, insecure permissions, cryptography-related and other types of vulnerabilities found in malware.

Page recently also unveiled Adversary3, an open source tool described as a malware vulnerability intel tool for third-party attackers. The tool is written in Python and its designed to make it easier to access data from the Malvuln database, allowing users to find vulnerabilities based on the exploit category.

The researcher says the tool could be useful in red teaming engagements. For example, the tester could look for devices hosting malware and leverage vulnerabilities in that malware to escalate privileges.

When the project was launched, some members of the cybersecurity community raised concerns that the information could be useful to malware developers, helping them fix vulnerabilities, some of which may have silently been exploited for threat intelligence purposes.

However, the ransomware vulnerabilities and the Adversary3 tool show that the project can also be useful to the cybersecurity community.

Related: University Project Cataloged 1,100 Ransomware Attacks on Critical Infrastructure

Related: Conti Ransomware Activity Surges Despite Exposure of Group's Operations

Read more:
Vulnerabilities Allow Hijacking of Most Ransomware to Prevent File Encryption - SecurityWeek