Spin hopes the technology will help to build trust with consumers and cities

Spin, the micro-mobility unit of Ford Motor Company, is partnering with Drover AI to incorporate its PathPilot technology into its next-generation Insight e-scooter monitoring platform.

The technology will be rolled out to cities in the US and across the UK and other regions around the world in 2021. New York City could be the first to receive a large-scale deployment.

Drover AI specialises in advanced AI-based Internet of Things (IoT) solutions for last-mile transportation. Its PathPilot platform uses machine learning and computer vision to detect improper sidewalk riding and parking of e-scooters with an expected accuracy rate of better than 95 per cent, claims the companies.

Spin Insight Level 2, powered by Drover AIs technology, will equip Spins vehicles with a camera, an array of sensors, and on-board computing power. The technology claims to be highly adaptive and easily scaled to new environments, allowing an e-scooter to understand its surroundings in real-time and assist riders in making safe riding decisions.

In a statement, Spin said that it has included Spin Insight Level 2 in a proposal for the first time as part of the e-scooter permit application for New York City. If Spin is awarded a permit in New York City, the city will receive the first large-scale deployment of Spins sidewalk riding and improper parking solution, starting in the Spring.

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Spin to equip its e-scooters with on-vehicle artificial intelligence - SmartCitiesWorld

KODA AUTO has been presented with the Pioneer Award for its use of artificial intelligence in vehicle diagnostics. At this years CONNECTED CAR Awards, the trade magazines Auto Bild and Computer Bild chose KODAs Sound Analyser app as the winner of the editorial prize reserved for particularly innovative ideas. Using a smartphone or tablet, the noises a car makes while in operation can be recorded and compared with stored sound patterns. On this basis, the software can quickly and reliably detect if the vehicle in question requires any maintenance.

KODA AUTO has been using AI technologies for even more accurate car diagnostics in terms of servicing since June 2019. The Sound Analyser app, which runs on standard smartphones or tablets, is just one example. It records the noises a car makes while it is running and compares them with stored sound patterns. In the event of any discrepancies, the app uses an algorithm to determine what they are and how they can be resolved. In this way, Sound Analyser helps to make vehicle maintenance more efficient, reduce the time a car spends at the garage and achieve even higher levels of customer satisfaction.

The smartphone app was developed by KODA AUTO DigiLab, the Czech carmakers innovation workshop, and was initially trialled with a total of 245 KODA dealers across 14 countries in June 2019. With ongoing use, the AI-based app continuously recognises and learns new sound patterns. The software can identify the sounds produced by components such as the steering system, the air conditioning compressor or the clutches in the direct-shift gearbox with an accuracy of over 90 per cent.

The Pioneer Award is part of the CONNECTED CAR Awards, which was hosted by Auto Bild and Computer Bild for the seventh time. The readers are invited to vote for tomorrows most promising trends and the biggest innovations. Special ideas, projects and concepts are presented with the two trade journals editorial Pioneer Award.

Technologies based on artificial intelligence perform cognitive functions that otherwise only humans are capable of. In addition to Sound Analyser, KODA AUTO is exploring numerous other applications for AI-based technologies. The Follow the Vehicle project sees the car manufacturer, together with the VB Technical University of Ostrava, test passenger car convoys, in which autonomous cars follow a lead vehicle with a driver. The company also uses imaging technology to identify available parking spaces at its headquarters in Mlad Boleslav.

SOURCE: KODA

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KODA AUTO wins Pioneer Award for its use of artificial intelligence and Sound Analyser app - Automotive World

Fueled by government and industry partnerships as well as a plethora of private companies, the United States is poised to take the lead in the worldwide development and use of artificial intelligence and its close cousins machine learning, cognitive computing, deep learning and advanced expert systems. The technology is already revolutionizing many industries, making inroads into government, and shows no sign of slowing down its evolution.

The federal government has been a proponent of AI and its intrinsic advantages for some time. The AI in Government Act of 2020 (H.R. 2575) passed the House and has been placed on the legislative agenda in the Senate. The bill would create centers of excellence in the General Services Administration that will help agencies adopt AI technologies and plan for its use across government.

Military and intelligence agencies have also been actively working to integrate AI into their capabilities. They are actively studying the ethics of the technology, including what AI should and should not be allowed to do. In February, the Defense Department adopted five ethical principles for using AI. The intelligence community released its own Artificial Intelligence Ethics for the Intelligence Community, which is very similar to the DOD plan, though with a few variants more suited to civilian and non-battlefield deployments.

Keeping AIs on an ethical short leash is important because on some level people fear AIs, or at least highly mistrust them. Quite a few sci-fi movies and TV shows feature a power-hungry AI trying to take over the world or eliminate humanity. Its unlikely that anyone would be stupid enough to build an AI that wants to kill people, much less give it a platform to do so. But it turns out that with AI, we should have been worried about a different kind of power craving.

An article in The Print magazine recently covered this years virtual Semicon West conference, which is generally attended by those who manufacture computer chips. At the show, Applied Materials CEO Gary Dickerson warned his colleagues during the keynote address that the use of AI would spike power consumption in data centers to the point where it might make them difficult to maintain.

AI has the potential to change everything, Dickerson said. But AI has an Achilles heel that, unless addressed, will prevent it from reaching its true potential. That Achilles heel is power consumption. Training neural networks is incredibly energy-intensive when done with the technology thats available today.

As an example of the scope of the problem, Dickerson said that data centers today consume just 2% of the worlds electricity supply. Because of the use of AI, by 2025 he predicted that demand would shoot up to 15%.

The problem I think is not just the chips and hardware, but the fact that AIs are generally not optimized to use computing resources. Most of them grab as much power as they need, or whatever is available, to complete their tasks. To test this out, I experimented with some AIs in my test lab which I was planning on covering in a future column.

One of the things that I can do in my lab is monitor the exact power consumption of various devices and machines being reviewed. I do that to confirm that devices are as efficient as they claim, or to check to see how much standby power they drain when not in use. But I can also apply a standard electrical payment rate to determine how much each task or operation that a machine performs will cost.

For example, on a test workstation, it costs just one cent to open up a Microsoft Word file, and almost double that to open Adobe Photoshop. You generally dont think of individual computer tasks costing money, but doing something like opening a file causes the computer to use more resources like the disk drive, graphics card and memory. That in turn generates heat, which forces more power to the cooling system. My calculation is not fully precise because to do that I would need to take into account the systems thermal design power, which individual actions generally wont be able to measurably affect. But it does show the relative power-hungry nature of different components or programs.

Looking at the different AIs that I had in my lab, I first used one that was designed to scan my incoming email and generate automatic responses based on my previous interactions. When it was initially ingesting data it ran the workstation pretty hard, consuming 53 cents worth of power above what the workstation would normally need over the same period. Thereafter, it spent between two and three cents every time an email came in, though it generated more when updating its database or learning new information.

Another AI that I tested is designed to look at programming code to search for vulnerabilities and then suggest alternative fixes. It can also be set to automatically make changes to the code, which I allowed. In the case of that AI, it only pushed the workstation when I was actively feeding it code, but when it was active it was quite a beast. The workstations internal fans sounded like jet engines preparing for takeoff. Had the AI been constantly on duty, the workstation would have consumed about 1,300 kilowatts of power over a calendar year, which is about five times more than if the machine were idol or performing less intensive tasks.

Based on those results, its easy to see how AIs could force data centers to consume five or six times more power than they do right now. Im not sure what all the ramifications are at having one-sixth of the worlds total power output flowing into U.S. data centers, but its something we should think about. Even the effects on the environment and global warming should probably be taken into consideration.

We are doing a good job at keeping AIs on the right side of ethics, but perhaps we should also find ways to curb their appetite for power. It might be time to add some kind of resource efficiency guideline to those ethics statements to help keep future AIs in check before the power consumption problem becomes too big to manage, and before it puts the brakes on our otherwise lightning fast AI development programs.

John Breeden II is an award-winning journalist and reviewer with over 20 years of experience covering technology. He is the CEO of the Tech Writers Bureau, a group that creates technological thought leadership content for organizations of all sizes. Twitter: @LabGuys

Link:
Artificial Intelligences Are Power Hungry, But Not How You Think - Nextgov

AI is not infallible, it is made by people and humans can make mistakes. That is why people need to be aware when AI is used, how it works and how to challenge automated decisions. The EU needs to clarify how existing rules apply to AI. And organisations need to assess how their technologies can interfere with people's rights both in the development and use of AI, says FRA Director Michael OFlaherty. We have an opportunity to shape AI that not only respects our human and fundamental rights but that also protects and promotes them.

The FRA report Getting the future right Artificial intelligence and fundamental rights in the EU identifies pitfalls in the use of AI, for example in predictive policing, medical diagnoses, social services, and targeted advertising. It calls on the EU and EU countries to:

The report is part of FRAs project on artificial intelligence and big data. It draws on over 100 interviews with public and private organisations already using AI. These include observations from experts involved in monitoring potential fundamental rights violations. Its analysis is based on real uses of AI from Estonia, Finland, France, the Netherlands and Spain.

On 14 December, FRA and the German Presidency of the Council of the EU organise a conference Doing AI the European way: Protecting fundamental rights in an era of artificial intelligence.

For more, please contact: media@fra.europa.eu / Tel.: +43 1 580 30 653

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Now is the time to ensure artificial intelligence works for Europeans - EU News

Photo: Vishnu Nishad/Unsplash

COVID-19 is not the only pandemic striking India. Eight-year-old Rakesh died of hunger during the national lockdown in March 2020. The 1-year-old son of Sevak Ram succumbed to acute malnourishment in June. These are not isolated cases. India is fighting a dual battle against malnutrition and COVID-19. The lockdown has disrupted access to rations and other essential services, closed schools (cutting off midday meals for children), and led to job losses, putting millions of families in India at even higher risk of extreme poverty and malnutrition.

Even before the pandemic, India accounted for a third of the global burden of malnutrition. In rural areas, stunting, wasting, and impaired immunity are common due to nutrient deficiencies. While India has made progress in maternal and child nutrition in recent years, disparities persist and the COVID-19 pandemic has further accelerated the crisis. The COVID-19 lockdown and the associated economic shocks put formerly food-secure households at increased risk, which will have a direct impact on the nutritional intake of children.

At the same time, the lockdowns have increased the time fathers spend at home and opened opportunities to increase their involvement in child nutrition and development. Earlier diagnostic work conducted in households with small children had established high smartphone penetration and social media usage among young fathers. Could we use this information, coupled with fathers increased time with their children, for a rapid intervention to prevent child nutrition from backsliding?

The World Banks eMBeD team and Quilt.AI set out to understand whether social media could be used to get fathers motivated and active in ensuring their childrens nutrition. We did this in three steps:

First, we set out to explore the online discourse on child nutrition, with a focus on fathers. What do fathers search for, care about, and talk about? Quilt.AIs Culture AI was deployed to extract the digital footprint of parents and caregivers in two of Indias poorest and most malnourished states: Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Data pertaining to 47 million searches and 1,500 unique keywords from 2019-20, blog posts on nutrition, social media uploads, and content consumed by caregivers was analyzed by a team of researchers. We looked at fathers and mothers (based on their online profiles and identification), though we were specifically after fathers. We found:

Evolution of search queries for terms related to child nutrition in the states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

Second, the online discourse was further segmented into seven types of personas with distinct characteristics to help gain a nuanced understanding of how caregivers, with different gender, socio-economic and age demographics, express themselves on nutrition, both on social media platforms and search behavior. This population segmentation helped identify which caregiver profiles to target during the social media intervention. We decided to focus on three profiles: Traditional caregivers, caregivers in transition, and modern caregivers, all with specific characteristics (age, gender, location):

Third, we designed a social media intervention to get fathers more involved into child nutrition. We used the profiles to identify specific ways to frame and present messages to fathers under each of these profiles, for a campaign that will target them as they engage with social media for other things.

The pilot campaign is happening now (on Facebook and Instagram) in 52 districts in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The online campaigns images and messages cover 14 different topic areas, from expanding the concept of what makes a good provider, to increasing fathers role in child feeding (see example below). Some messages provide clear actions fathers can take to engage with their children in food-related activities; others link nutrition with aspects of child development where fathers are more involved, such as cognitive development and educational outcomes. Each topic message has been adapted to appeal to each of the profiles identified. We will look at the campaigns effects on knowledge, interest, and behaviors.

English text of the image: Eggs are packed with protein and can be made in many ways; discuss new recipes with your wife today!

Pushed by the constraints of COVID-19 regulations, our team had to adapt. Using insights from online profiles and search behavior to inform the design of communications interventions offers an opportunity to tailor interventions when you cannot collect additional data from intended target populations. Pilots like this can also help us unlock insights and overcome barriers to effective social and behavior change interventions, and particularly how to connect peoples online behavior with their real life. Stay tuned for our results.

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Leveraging artificial intelligence to reach fathers and support child nutrition in India during COVID-19 - World Bank Group

HOUSTON (PRWEB) December 17, 2020

Currux Vision LLC (Currux Vision), the innovative, infra-tech AI and machine learning solutions company today released test results with the Department of Transportation of the City of San Jos, California. San Jos, recently named the Most Innovative City in the U.S., utilized the fully integrated, AI-based SmartCity ITS for city intersections and roadways. This innovative, cost-effective platform accurately monitors traffic, and provides information that can potentially prevent or reduce congestion and accidents, creating safer roads for drivers, cyclists, and pedestrians around the clock.

Comprehensive AI Traffic and Safety Solutions for Municipalities, DOTs, Toll Road Operators or Private Communities & Commercial Properties

The San Jos Department of Transportation and Currux Vision are focused on creating a safer and smarter city. Currux Visions SmartCity ITS continues to deliver one of the most comprehensive autonomous traffic management platforms including basic and advanced traffic management, big data collection, and analytics, and real-time alerts. SmartCity ITS includes a wide range of Vision Zero initiatives including vehicular (roadway and intersection), pedestrian, and bicycle associated near miss detection, and autonomous real-time prediction of hazardous traffic conditions, such as wrong way driver, stopped vehicles, speeding, running red lights and stop signs, parking infringements, etc. The combination of these capabilities provides cities with a single, accurate solution to improve residents quality of life and optimally allocate increasingly scarce resources.

The extensive tests with the San Jos Department of Transportation at key intersections confirmed that Currux Vision can operate with an up to 99% accuracy averaged under various conditions including day and night, rain, camera vibrations and even partial camera view obstruction. Moreover, Currux Vision can achieve high resolution results with older legacy digital and analog camera systems that offer lower resolution. Testing included but was not limited to vehicle detection and classification, turning movement counts, pedestrian counts, bicycle discrimination, stopped vehicles, and speeding.

Focused on Wide-Scale Adoption of Autonomous AI Systems at the Edge

Increasing urbanization, traffic, mode shift, and increasing focus on safety drive the urgent need for a next-generation traffic management solution like our SmartCity ITS. We believe that efficient mobility and being able to do more with less creates economic opportunities, enables trade, improves quality of life, and facilitates access to markets and services effectively leveraging resources. We designed our SmartCity ITS to significantly accelerate wide-scale adoption of autonomous AI capabilities by cities, DOTs and private infrastructure developers both in the U.S. and internationally. We are happy to have worked with a great partner like San Joss Department of Transportation to prove these transportation solutions. Alex Colosivschi, Founder and CEO of Currux Vision

Testing this leading-edge technology is a step in implementing the City of San Jos Smart City Vision - using game-changing technologies and data-driven decision-making which will drive continuous improvement in how we serve our community, and to promote concrete benefits in safety, sustainability, economic opportunity, and quality of life for our residents. We look forward to seeing reduced traffic congestion and accidents with connected infrastructure, real time big data analytics and alerts, and machine learning that can power next-generation traffic systems, reduce emissions, identify high-accident intersections, and allow us to better target mitigation efforts. Ho Nguyen, ITS Manager, City of San Jos

About Currux Vision LLCCurrux Vision (https://currux.vision) uses the latest in AI, machine learning, and computer vision technologies to develop and deploy edge-based autonomous AI systems for smart infrastructure. Currux Vision SmartCity ITS is used by DOTs and municipalities throughout the U.S. and has processed billions of traffic data points. Designed from the ground up, our fully integrated platform works with any camera, high and low resolution, and securely and rapidly operates within an agencys network. Additionally, the ease of installation and operation, powerful and flexible back-end capabilities, and attractive price point are key differentiators.

About the City of San JosWith more than one million residents, San Jos is one of the most diverse large cities in the United States and is Northern Californias largest city and the 10th largest city in the nation. San Joss transformation into a global innovation center has resulted in one of the largest concentrations of technology companies and expertise in the world. In 2011, the City adopted Envision San Jos 2040, a long-term growth plan that sets forth a vision and a comprehensive road map to guide the Citys anticipated growth through the year 2040. It was named Most Innovative City in the U.S by the Center for Digital Government in November, 2020.

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Currux Vision LLC Announces Industry Leading Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence Smart City Traffic Platform Testing with the City of San Jos - PR Web

Im 10 years old. Minutes into a maths lesson and my palms have already begun to sweat. Ive positioned myself in the back row, but the teacher walks up and down the aisles of the classroom, peering over our shoulders. I dont understand the rules. The teachers voice becomes a blur, and I stare at the numbers on the board, willing them to make sense. I wasnt a shy child, if anything I was bold and kind of brash, but I couldnt ask for help. I didnt have the language to explain what the numbers were doing to my brain.

Soon Id have a name for what I was experiencing dyslexia and Id begin to find ways to accommodate my learning style. As with everything, there are scales here. Dyslexia presents and impacts people in different ways, and I was lucky to be at a great school. But I had to learn to overcome my fear of numbers and words. I had to do battle with my confidence. Its only now I realise that this was the cause of me honing my greatest skill: learning to learn. Discovering more about different learning styles was a gamechanger and where my love of artificial intelligence technology was born.

Flash forward and now Im a tech entrepreneur and co-founder of CognitionX, a market intelligence platform for AI. Two years ago I was appointed by government ministers Matt Hancock and Greg Clark, to assemble a team of experts in AI to form a council responsible for supporting the government and its office for artificial intelligence. Ive been fortunate enough to have a front-row seat as the world is transformed by new technology but on a personal level Im drawn to AI because I want more support too. My dyslexia means I need more help, like spotting simple mistakes in my writing.

I rely on apps such as SwiftKey and Grammarly as one might an old friend. SwiftKey in particular is a huge help in my day-to-day life. Its an app for your smartphone keyboard that uses AI to make much better recommendations than the inbuilt spelling and grammar check. Even better is its new feature that turns my voice to text so I dont have to type or leave a voice note when Im struggling to find exactly the right way to say something. Grammarly is my go-to for my laptop. It combines rules, patterns, and AI deep learning techniques to help you improve your writing.

The drawback is that if something goes wrong with either of these apps, I feel as Im back in the classroom again, freefalling, my brain foggy, letters and numbers jumbled up. I worry Im over reliant on these technologies, but Im also thankful for their existence. Because they use machine learning, which operates by learning how I use the apps each time, we grow together. Its a conundrum but one Im conscious of and take into account every day.

And this is why its important to note that not only am I looking for AI support, Im looking for human support. The need for a conversation at the back of the class hasnt been replaced by technology its been augmented by it. Technology and people need to work in tandem.

I think it was my dyslexia and my need to see things from a different angle that enabled me to be open to the rewards of AI. But this doesnt mean that there arent risks. I grapple with the potential pitfalls of AI, particularly its bias against people underrepresented in tech across society. We are hurtling towards AI, machine learning and robotics at breakneck speed and people are being left behind. This means a risk of job loss in an already struggling climate.

One and a half million people in England are at high risk of losing their jobs to automation in the coming years, and a 2019 Office for National Statistics report revealed that 70% of them are women. Covid will no doubt increase these risks the shift to online working has only made it easier for companies to increase automation. This is why I want to urge women to get ahead of the game. Now more than ever is a good time to become the person in your company who has learned to master the newest software. Even for those who are proudly the least techie, it is time to change tune. Im not suggesting that everyone should retrain to become data scientists or AI experts. Its more about having an understanding of how to work with products that have AI built in.

I only ever advocate for AI systems in the workplace if they have a Human in the Loop approach. HITL is a way to build AI systems that makes sure there is always a person with a key role somewhere in the decision-making process. This guarantees that whatever the outcome happens to be, its arrived at through a combination of steps taken by a machine and the person, together. Its this sort of system I want to encourage women to become the best at navigating.

Throughout history a set of qualities traditionally associated with women compassion, care, empathy and nurturing have been dismissed or sidelined by the market. Today, care work is either among the lowest paid of jobs, or its done for free (mainly by women) in the home. But these qualities, which have always been vital, are about to become ever more necessary and much harder to undermine.

Many aspects of jobs are going to be assigned to machines, but they can never do everything that humans can. A machine may be able to predict and detect diseases invisible to the human eye, but the one thing it cant do is connect on a human level and offer genuine care.

Human empathy is something machines cant offer and so, together with an AI system, a doctor could present an accurate diagnosis in a caring way. This can only happen, however, if the doctor in question decides to embrace and fully understand how to get the best out of the AI system, which will take training and an appetite to learn.

Women have also developed another skill that will become vital in the coming years: staying on their toes. For centuries women have faced all kinds of discrimination and prejudice. Women have had to know how to be vigilant and resilient, to anticipate change and to read subtle cues and analyse the world for risks. In the world of AI, this means staying one step ahead of the machine.

The way I see it, this new wave of technology could be a tsunami that knocks you down, or it could be the wave that we ride together to a brighter future. The moment I began to truly understand this, I knew I had to share what Id learned about its possible risks as well as its rewards and why it is that women were more likely to suffer the negative effects.

Its really crucial for women to challenge the tendency to sometimes see tech as boring, scary or for someone else. Im not a scientist, engineer, developer or techie. It takes me a long time to understand technological ideas because theyre mostly founded in complex mathematics. It was a really liberating moment when I realised that I didnt need to understand the precise inner workings of AI machines in order to understand the ramifications of this technology.

All you need is to get a good grasp on how to adapt and thrive in this new world and what you can do to support others to do the same.

There are simple ways of achieving this and one of them is learning how to talk to technologies which use AI. You dont need to rush out to the shops there is AI you can talk to in products you may already have. If youre an Apple user, talk to Siri, or Cortana if you use Microsoft and Google has an assistant too. Set your alarm to be voice-activated or use a voice assistant to add appointments to your calendar, or to search the internet for you. My friends tell me that theyve given up on their home system, or that they cant bear that their car is trying to talk to them. My response is always to tell them: this technology isnt going anywhere. So instead of avoiding it, find ways to make the technology work for you before you end up working for it.

How to Talk to Robots by Tabitha Goldstaub is published by 4th Estate at 12.99. Buy it for 11.30 from guardianbookshop.com

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How artificial intelligence helped me overcome my dyslexia - The Guardian

As artificial intelligence (AI) plays a growing role in the everyday lives of people around the world, views on AIs impact on society are mixed across 20 global publics, according to a recent Pew Research Center survey.

This analysis is based on a survey conducted across 20 publics from October 2019 to March 2020 across Europe, Russia, the Americas and the Asia-Pacific region. The surveys were conducted by face-to-face interviews in Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic, India and Brazil. In all other places, the surveys were conducted by telephone. All surveys were conducted with representative samples of adults ages 18 and older in each survey public.

Here are the questions used for the report, along with responses, and its methodology.

A median of about half (53%) say the development of artificial intelligence, or the use of computer systems designed to imitate human behaviors, has been a good thing for society, while 33% say it has been a bad thing.

Opinions are also divided on another major technological development: using robots to automate many jobs humans have done in the past. A median of 48% say job automation has been a good thing, while 42% say its had a negative impact on society.

The survey conducted in late 2019 and early 2020 in 20 places across Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, and in the United States, Canada, Brazil and Russia comes as automation has remade workplaces around the world and AI increasingly powers things from social media algorithms to technology in cars and everyday appliances.

Views of AI are generally positive among the Asian publics surveyed: About two-thirds or more in Singapore (72%), South Korea (69%), India (67%), Taiwan (66%) and Japan (65%) say AI has been a good thing for society. Many places in Asia have emerged as world leaders in AI.

Most other places surveyed fall short of a majority saying AI has been good for society. In France, for example, views are particularly negative: Just 37% say AI has been good for society, compared with 47% who say it has been bad for society. In the U.S. and UK, about as many say it has been a good thing for society as a bad thing. By contrast, Sweden and Spain are among a handful of places outside of the Asia-Pacific region where a majority (60%) views AI in a positive light.

As with AI, Asian publics surveyed stand out for their relatively positive views of the impact of job automation. Many Asian publics have made major strides in the development of robotics and AI. The South Korean and Singaporean manufacturing industries, for instance, have the highest and second highest robot density of anywhere in the world. Singapore is also pursuing its goal of becoming the worlds first smart nation, and the government has identified AI as one of many key development areas necessary to reach that goal. Japan has also long been a world leader in robotics manufacturing and development, and robots and AI are increasingly integrated into everyday life there to help with tasks ranging from household chores to elder care.

Men are significantly more likely than women to say artificial intelligence has been a good thing for society in 15 of the 20 places surveyed. In Japan, for example, nearly three-quarters of men (73%) have positive views of AI, compared with 56% of women. In the U.S., 53% of men say AI has been a positive thing, compared with 40% of women.

People with more education are also more likely to have a positive view of AI. This gap is largest in the Netherlands, where a majority of those with a college education or higher (61%) see AI favorably, compared with 43% of those with less education. In the 11 publics where age is a significant factor in views of AI, younger people usually have a more positive view of the technology than older people.

There are similar patterns by gender and education in views of job automation. The educational differences are particularly large in some places: In Italy, for instance, about two-thirds of people with at least a college education (65%) say job automation has been a good thing for society, compared with just 38% of people with less education. Among adults with more education, those who took three or more science courses tend to see job automation more positively than people who took fewer science classes.

Note: Here are the questions used for the report, along with responses, and its methodology.

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Are AI and job automation good for society? Globally, views are mixed - Pew Research Center

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Global Artificial Intelligence in Supply Chain Management Market was Valued at US$ 1549.5 Mn in 2019 Growing at a CAGR of 25.12% over the Forecast...

The World Economic Forum says technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) will displace 75 million jobs by 2022 but will also create 133 million new roles. That's a net gain of 58 million new jobs. To prepare workers for these new jobs, organizations will have to provide significant resources for upskilling their workforces. And employees will need to take personal responsibility for their career development in a context of rapid technological change.

How can HR professionals prepare employees and organizations for a present and future where AI is increasingly working with humans to drive business outcomes?

The 'Right' Mindset about AI

"HR professionals need to begin by shifting their mindsets about AI," said Jeff Schwartz, a principal with Deloitte Consulting. "It's not about dividing work between people and AIit's not an either/or propositionbut about how to create new value in new ways." The author of the upcoming book Work Disrupted (Wiley, 2021), Schwartz compares AI's impact to that of ATMs, beginning in the late 1970s: "ATMs didn't eliminate the jobs of bank tellers. We've actually seen an increase in the number of bank tellers and in bank branches since ATMs came on the scene."

What HR professionals need to consider is how people and AI can work together to do things better, which will likely mean reconfiguring work. As a general matter, Schwartz said, "AI is good at performing tasks in large scale, working with speed and analyzing massive amounts of data. People, on the other hand, are good with empathy, with communication, with flexibility in problem-solving."

Acting as strategic partners with the overall business, HR professionals should be asking, "What are our potential ATMs, our complementary solutions that add value with technology and humans working together?" HR has to rethink work, the workforce and the workplace in order to create new value, explained Schwartz, "especially at a time of accelerating change when organizations and individuals need to be more agile."

Upskilling: A Win-Win

Sean Chou, CEO of Chicago-based automation technology firm Catalytic, is a strong advocate of upskilling as a way to support both his organization and his employees in adapting to AI-enhanced ways of working. "AI means less employee time spent searching for and manually formatting data, leaving them with more time for analysis and decision-making," Chou said. "This time savings also means that workers have more time for upskilling. That's a win-win, since employees become more valuable to themselves and the company, while employee morale and retention are boosted."

Gretchen Alarcon, vice president of HR Service Delivery at California-based software company ServiceNow, involves employees in the process of reconfiguring their own jobs. "We engage our employees to help design the AI-enhanced processes they will use every day, and this starts with listening and discovery to understand which existing processes need to be fixed," she said. "After all, the people who stand to benefit the most from AI are also the ones who will know where AI is needed most." Alarcon finds that this bottom-up approach improves the efficiency of AI in the workplace and, more importantly, "puts employees at the forefront of leading change, not being dragged along by it."

5 Tips for Supporting Employees in Adapting to AI

We asked experts to share their best tips with HR professionals striving to support employees in upskilling and adapting to AI.

1. Be clear about your AI strategy and value. Detail how AI will positively impact employees so that they adapt to the changes with an open mind. Listen to employee concerns and quell any fears they may have by being upfront and honest about how things will change. Some employees may make the transition in no time (for instance, 43 percent of members of Generation Z say they want to use AI on the job, according to a ServiceNow survey), while others won't be so quick to embrace the technology. HR professionals need to make sure everyone is supported, according to Alarcon.

2. Explain how AI can benefit employee experience. Show employees the transformative power of AI to handle all the administrative, repetitive tasks they dread and how it empowers them to have new and impactful experiences in the workplace. If deployed correctly, AI can serve as a journey accelerator for employees and give them the tools to go from new hire to team rock star in no time, said Anne Fulton, CEO of career experience platform Fuel50.

3. Explore ways AI can help employees beyond the elimination of manual processes. Get employees thinking about potential future benefits of AI to improve the employee experience. Imagine a near-term future where an AI bot recognizes that an employee is working on a new project and could use some more background knowledge, so an informational video gets shared to help that employee. Perhaps the AI can detect a change in an employee's mood and alert a manager to suggest a longer lunch break. Keep exploring the multiple ways AI can add value, Fulton said.

4. Promote a culture of learning and development to help the workforce gain a sense of purpose and innovation in their work. Investing in workplace tools, promoting a culture of curiosity and innovation, and offering training and learning opportunities for employees are important levers organizations can use to grow skills and capabilities around AI, according to Art Mazor, Deloitte's global HR transformation practice leader.

5. Share successes and best practices. Create some key metrics you'd like to improve as a result of implementing AI, including your upskilling efforts, then track your progress. Like any technology, adding AI can seem daunting at first, but it's important to remember why you implemented the technology and encourage your team to share their "wins" and lessons learned with each other. That builds momentum, said Jessica Rush, chief talent officer at conversational AI software provider Paradox.

Joseph Romsey is a freelance writer based in Massachusetts.

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5 Tips to Help Workers Upskill and Adapt to Artificial Intelligence - SHRM