Edward Snowden didn’t raise concerns internally: National Security Agency

WASHINGTON: The National Security Agency was unable to find evidence that leaker Edward Snowden ever raised concerns internally about its sweeping surveillance programs, after an exhaustive search that included deleted emails, court documents showed.

NSA Associate Director for Policy and Records David Sherman said that the agency had launched a "comprehensive" investigation after media reports were published about classified NSA spy programs based on information leaked by Snowden.

As part of last year's probe, the NSA collected and searched Snowden's "sent, received and deleted email," including that "obtained by restoring back-up tapes" Sherman said in a sworn declaration filed yesterday.

"The search did not identify any email written by Mr Snowden in which he contacted agency officials to raise concerns about NSA programs."

Searches for the emails included the records from the agency's Office of General Counsel, Office of the Inspector General and Office of the Director of Compliance.

The findings contradict Snowden's claim in an interview with NBC News in May that he did raise concerns through "internal channels" within the NSA and was told to "stop asking questions" before ultimately deciding to leak the secret files.

Sherman, who has worked with the NSA since 1985, has the authority to classify information as "top secret."

The NSA made its declaration in response to a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit filed by VICE News against the NSA earlier this year.

The only relevant communication uncovered was a previously released email between Snowden and the Office of General Counsel inquiring about material in a training course he had completed.

Senator Dianne Feinstein, who chairs the Senate Intelligence Committee, said at the time that the exchange "poses a question about the relative authority of laws and executive orders -- it does not register concerns about NSA's intelligence activities."

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Edward Snowden didn't raise concerns internally: National Security Agency

How to Get Next-Level Cryptography With a Crappy Old Nokia Phone

Remember the Nokia N9? Probably notbut geek points if you dobecause it was a smartphone that was DOA and used by pretty much no one. But even a three-year-old smartphone is pretty sophisticated piece of machinery. Using just an N9 and light, physicists have found a way to generate the random numbers algorithms used to encrypt data.

Modern cryptology algorithms rely on inputs of random numbersif the numbers aren't truly random, the encryption get easier to crack. And computers, which are exquisitely good at following directions, are not good at being random.

One way to get random numbers is taking advantage of variations in the world of quantum mechanics, which usually requires bulky lab equipment. Light has inherent randomness. "According to quantum mechanics," writes William Herkewitz in Popular Mechanics, "it's impossible to predict exactly when an atom will emit a particle of light. And over a given amount of time, the exact number of light particles any light source will produce is also inherently random."

The Nokia N9 with its 8-megapixel camera is sensitive enough to detect this quantum variation. Each pixel of the camera detects a slightly different number of photons, a variation that gets translated into a stream of random numbers. The proof of concept suggests that equipment for quantum random generation can be radically shrunk down.

"If everybody on earth used such a device constantly at 1 Gbps," the authors write in their paper," it would take 1060times the age of the universe for one to notice a deviation from a perfectly random bit string."

A physicist not involved in the study told Popular Mechanics that there's no way to verify the randomness comes from quantum behavior rather than other physical properties. But it does seem like viable way to generate random (or very very very close to random) numbers with some pretty unremarkable technology. [Popular Mechanics, ArXiv]

Top image: Nokia

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How to Get Next-Level Cryptography With a Crappy Old Nokia Phone

TCR #27: Cryptocurrency growth, 9/11 Anniversary, CDC Scandal, Face Your Fears – Video


TCR #27: Cryptocurrency growth, 9/11 Anniversary, CDC Scandal, Face Your Fears
Derrick Broze presents The Conscious Resistance. crypto stories thelibertybeat.com/top-universitiecryptocurrency/ thelibertybeat.com/new-peer-to-peeplace-l...

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TCR #27: Cryptocurrency growth, 9/11 Anniversary, CDC Scandal, Face Your Fears - Video

Cryptocurrency Round-Up: Bank of England and PayPal Founder Criticise Bitcoin

Stability reigns for bitcoin, however critics line up to highlight cryptocurrency's weaknesses.IBTimesUK

The price of bitcoin has continued its recent run of stability, shifting in value by less than 0.5% since this time yesterday.

Dogecoin's run of good form has continued with a 5% price increase in the last 24 hours, pushing its market capitalisation up towards $20m (12m, 15m) once again.

Following several weeks of steadily increasing prices, startcoin has experienced a significant surge in value. The "digital currency for crowdfunding" has seen its market cap double to $2m in the space of just a few hours, which could suggest a pump-and-dump.

Bank of England warns of bitcoin risk

The Bank of England has said that bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies would create an economy at risk of deflation if they overtook traditional fiat currencies as the main form of payment.

The finite supply of bitcoins, as well as its decentralised status, means that the amount of currency in circulation is unable to be adjusted in line with the value of goods and service, the UK's central bank suggests.

"The inability of the money supply to vary in response to demand would likely cause greater volatility in prices and real activity," the Bank of England said.

If bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies continue to become more widespread, it goes without saying that it is central banks like the Bank of England that have the most to lose.

PayPal co-founder unhappy with bitcoin payment system

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Stop the Leak: An Admins Guide to Encryption for Gmail and Google Apps – gCON – Breakout 7 – Video


Stop the Leak: An Admins Guide to Encryption for Gmail and Google Apps - gCON - Breakout 7
Whether for regulatory requirements like HIPAA or simply to protect financial, legal, or intellectual property information, protection of corporate data has never been more important. As more...

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Stop the Leak: An Admins Guide to Encryption for Gmail and Google Apps - gCON - Breakout 7 - Video