In the famous Norman Rockwell painting Runaway, seen on the cover of the Saturday Evening Post in 1958, akindly police officer and apubescent boy sit at alunch counter, the boy clearly having packed some belongings in akerchief and run away. Its awholesome encounter and one wholly at odds with our modern image of police. Thats because its an image that came before the modern drug war.

During our national conversation on police and criminal justice, there will be many reforms proposed that will help increase police accountability and encourage better behavior. We should absolutely reform unions, abolish qualified immunity, and address how police are investigated after excessive force is used. But it is also important that we look to one of the root causes of why the police no longer have that wholesome, Norman Rockwell image. Perhaps it has something to do with the fact that, every day, thousands of police suit up to go to war against their fellow citizens.

Drug crimes are qualitatively different from other types of crimes, i.e. real crimes. Real crimes have victims, and victims call the police to investigate and hopefully catch the perpetrator. The victim of arobbery calls the police, invites the police into his house, asks them to take evidence, and gives them all the information he has.

When crimes have no real victims, however, policing fundamentally changes. With drug use, the purported victim and the criminal are the same person, guilty of the grave crime of preferring adifferent intoxicant than the one available at the local bar. Victims no longer participate in catching the criminals, since they are the same person. Police must therefore adopt strategies to catch unwilling victims and to interdict the drugs at their source.

Catching unwilling victims is difficult. Anyone could be acriminal/victim, after all, hiding illicit drugs on their body, car, or property. What were once casual interactions with citizens become riddled with suspicion. Is this driver hiding something? Perhaps if Isearch that random person on the street, Ill find drugs, after all, he looks like adruggie.

Not to mention that finding drugs on someone can become apretense for abusive behavior. Perhaps acop wants to bust up some unruly teenagers to teach them alesson about loitering and disobeying his authority? Is that marijuana he smells? Who could possibly question him on that?

If drug users are out in the street, its relatively easy. But what if theyre in their homes, carrying out their crimes in private? Surveillance is the first priority. Helicopters can be flown over the house or, now, more likely drones. Heatsensitive cameras can test for grow rooms, and there are always informants who are more than willing to fess up for leniency or asmall cash payment. Theres adrug dealer in there, they tell the cops, and now police can go after the source.

But the criminals/victims still wont invite the police into the house, so it is time to suit up and go in with force. Thankfully for the police, the American military has been transferring surplus gear to local police departments for afew decades, primarily to fight the drug war. With all this gear laying around, why not use it?

A modern police officer can don the accoutrements of asoldier fighting in Fallujah and arrive at the scene of the crime in an armored personnel carrier designed for military use. They can also request permission from amagistrate judge (nearly always given) to carry out a noknock raidsuch as the raid that killed ayoung black woman named Breonna Taylorand go in with full force. The door is violently busted open, flash bang grenades are thrown in, and armed men come rushing in throwing the occupants to the ground threatening to shoot them, if not actually pulling the trigger.

What else could they do? After all, drugs were in there.

But there werent, unfortunately for the cops. The informant lied or was misinformed, or maybe the cop lied on the warrant, as has also been known to occur. While the occupants are picking up the pieces of their broken house and consoling each other over the trauma they endured, the police are miffed. They were hoping to find abig stash they could put on TV or some money they could take for themselves. Through the process of forfeiture, in which drugdealing assets and proceeds can be legally taken and kept by police, drug raids often look more attractive than hitting the streets with some oldfashioned shoe leather policing.

And for some police officers, drug raids are just more fun. With policing having changed so fundamentally from the batontwirling Officer Friendly, is it asurprise that some officers joined the force because they want to be the batonbashing Officer Shut the F*** Up?

This is the policing the drug war has given us. While the drug war is not the only reason police have become more violent and less accountable, its effect on policing, while difficult to fully quantify, is immense

When you imagine aworld without the drug war, the mind spins with possibilities, especially for policing. Imagine all those resources are poured into treatment and recovery. Imagine all those police officers who are reassigned to the homicide, burglary, and sex crimes divisions. The American murder clearance ratethe rate at which someone is arrested for amurdersits around 60 percent, which is among the lowest in the developed world. Other crimes with real victimsassault, rape, burglaryhave even lower clearance rates. Even if the drug war were ended, theres clearly alot of policing to be done.

Imagine aworld where SWAT raids are used when theyre needed rather than the 62 percent of the time theyre currently used to serve drug warrants. Imagine waking up in aworld where the police have dedicated almost all their resources to preventing actual crimes and catching actual criminals.

That world is possible. We can get Officer Friendly back, and Id gladly sit next to that guy at the lunch counter.

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How the Drug War Broke Policing | Cato @ Liberty - Cato Institute