As people take to the streets of Iran and Kurdistan shouting Women, Life, Freedom!, Iranian music artists are raising their voices, too. With a two-day takeover of Radio Alhara by Iranian female and non-binary artists, artists inside the country speak to us about this moment and its connection to a long history of resistance.
Were indebted to some of these very artists for their musical inspiration. Theyve been leaders in where electronic music and performance can go, as with all genres; theyve been resonant spirits in sound. Now, I think we owe it to them to listen to their full experience and try to understand and share their fight for freedom.
Palestinian/international Radio Alhara hosts a takeover of its Sonic Liberation Front today and tomorrow, Thursday Friday September 29-30, entirely featuring female and non-binary artists from Iran and the Iranian diaspora. This itself is significant, as the Iranian government places numerous restrictions on music specifically for women. (See the interviews below.)
The first thing to do, then, is to tune in this radio stream and spread it to as many folks as you can (for the Americas, youll start early in the morning but still go through the full day). Music here covers the full gamut of sonic idioms experimental, electronic, jazz, classical, electro-pop, and eclectic.
Heres what organizers say about the message and participants:
In Solidarity with Iran and Kurdistan
Taking Over Radio Stations Around the Globe
Thursday 29th & Friday 30th of September
1:30pm to 3:30am (Tehran) | 12pm to 2am (Bethlehem) | 10am to 12am (London)
All Iranian Female/Non-binary Line Up
Aida | Aida Arko | Aida Shirazi | Anahita Shamsaei | AZADI.mp3 | Elnaz Seyedi | Eye-Duh | Foori | Gisou Golshani | Golbon Moltaji | Golnar Shahyar | Guess Lou | KUCHULU | LAFAWNDAH | Mariam Rezaei | Meshcut | Mona Matbou Riahi | Nazanin Noori | Nesa Azadikhah | Rojin Sharafi | Roody | Rosha | ROW [92] | Sahar Homami | Sanaz | Shabnam Parvaresh | SHEIVA | Xeen
Sonic Liberation Front: In Solidarity with Iran, will take over Radio AlHara on Thursday 29th and Friday 30th of September with an all-Iranian female/non-binary lineup.
Iranian and Kurdish history in the past hundred years is a story of resistance against violence and oppression. Most recently, on 16 September, the death of a 22-year-old Kurdish woman, Mahsa (Jina) Amini, ignited a nationwide uprising in Iran. Mahsa/Jina Amini was detained and beaten up by the morality police for wearing her hijab in an inappropriate way and died in custody. Since then Kurds and Iranians, particularly women, have been on the streets shouting Women, Life, Freedom demanding a free country, a fair government and the abolition of compulsory hijab. The Iranian government is violently attacking and arresting the protesters and has shut down the internet to limit communications.
Years and years of gender and ethnic minority oppression, the massive expansion of the lower class and the shattering of any hope for reform have caused the protest to grow bigger and bigger day by day.
We are standing by the people of Iran and Kurdistan who are risking their lives for freedom. In a climate where the Iranian regime is spreading fear to prevent Iranian and Kurdish people from raising their voice, we want to thank all of the artists who have responded to this invite and offered their mixes and, more importantly, their names in the name of freedom. These are the voices the Islamic Republic wishes to silence. These are the voices that used to be sung in private and are now shouting together in a fog of tear gas, in the middle of fire. These are the voices that lead Iran to freedom. #womenlifefreedom
#MahsaAmini #Jinaamini #FreedomIran #IranProtest
Listen live:
radioalhara.net
SLF takeover organizer/curator and artist Pouya Ehsaei sends this statement and speaks to us from the UK.
Artists ROODY and GUESS LOU speak to us from inside Iran hugely grateful to them for doing so, especially as that impacts their safety and has to occur through the Internet shutdowns they describe. (Text communication remains important.)
Rojin Sharafi, whose work you may have seen here before, takes time out of their European tour to answer questions in collaboration with friend and researcher Niloufar Nematollahi.
Images here are from the current protests (anonymous photographers).
Music canhelp you connect with your society by engaging with what you want to change.
CDM: Can you tell us a bit about the artists involved and the impetus for this broadcast?
Pouya Ehsaei: As part of the Iranian regimes strategy to shut down the movement, they are putting lots of their resources into identifying the activists and the leaders of the movement in and out of Iran. They are filmingand photographing the protesters on the streets of Iran and after identifyingthe protesters, arrest them in their houses or in somewhere in their neighborhood. Two days ago, they arrested one of my friends Sarah, a sculptor and a chef, at her house after searching and confiscatingher belonging. Outside Iran, they do a similar thing: they film the protestors in order to identify them and arrest them when they are returning to Iran. In my opinion, this is mostly trickery; they want us to fear being present, and they want us to prevent ourselves to take action against them. This is a strategy theyve been using for many years. It had worked for a while, but the new generation does not fear since they have nothing to lose.
In this situation, the act of putting forward ones name attached to a campaign that has big exposure like SLF in Solidarity with Iran is a radical action itself, and I appreciate the courage and dedication of all the artists who participated in this action.
When we see Internet shutdown what does that mean in practical terms? I see lots of circulating calls for Tor servers, stuff like this, but presumably, that doesnt help if Internet infrastructure is slowed down or ceases to work at all, right? How are you managing communication?
Roody: It practically means they are about to shoot people and use violence. The purpose of these shutdowns is not just to hinder mobilization or to block the sharing of videos showing police brutality.
It may not seem like an act of violence, but when nobody is able to document brutality, it is able to flourish. Communication by phone is impossible these days; most people meet in the streets. We couldnt even call each other sometimes.
Guess Lou: Well, Internet shutdown practically means this phrase appears under your internet connection: no Internet access. And no means no. No communication. And this happens every time people are in the streets to protest. Other times of year, big social media and many websites are filtered. It means you need a VPN for communication. You learn to manage these things by living in this country. It takes your time and your money to be online with the rest of the world. It means you are always slower than your friends in other countries.
I know this is really difficult in some ways for diaspora Iranians or anyone outside the country; how are you staying connected? What can we do to support you specifically in terms of working with you in the countries we share?
Rojin Sharafi / Niloufar Nematollahi: I think what independent media can do in these times is to reflect marginalized Iranian voices and open their platforms for discussions about the multi-layered oppression and struggles that remain partly unrecognized in the Global North.
Being confronted with oppressive narratives in media is very tiring. Media narratives pushing women* into inferior positions serve the same political ends as the policies that dictate Iranian women* what to wear and what not to wear. We are protesting against any kind of politics that demands us what to say or what to wear.
You raise questions of both gender and minority oppression and anti-reform, and classist policies these are issues that go beyond just musical ones. But what does this mean to music or musicians, and what can music do thats meaningful?
Roody: Music canhelp you connect with your society by engaging with what you want to change.
All protest songsact as tools to educate the listener to promote an ideology, encourage activism,and galvanize that movement by drawing people together and inspiringthem to take action or reflect.
This movement started asa result of decades of oppression against women in Iran. The ongoing protests mark a watershed moment for Iran and possibly the Middle East as a whole a womens revolution that spans class and ethnic divides and hopes to tear down patriarchy manifested in its most violent form.
Rojin Sharafi / Niloufar Nematollahi: I would like to highlight the importance of actions like this radio takeover. This radio show is not a means to prove our power to western media entities. Instead, we use sound as a means to bring together Iranian female and non-binary artists from inside as well outside Iran. Its a a collection of sounds, either gathered or created carefully by people who have been directly affected by the structural and direct violence of the Iranian state. People who have chosen to document their lives, thoughts, feelings and politics through sound.
This radio takeover overcomes the distance between different Iranians fighting for the same cause in and outside Iran; it overcomes the distances imposed on us due to politics. It is a means to create a record, an archive of the music and sounds that are shaping a revolution an alternative sonic approach that attempts to engage with the difficult task of pinpointing protest, rage, and political change as it unfolds in front of our eyes.
This radio takeover overcomes the distance between different Iranians fighting for the same cause in and outside Iran; it overcomes the distances imposed on us due to politics. It is a means to create a record, an archive of the music and sounds that are shaping a revolution an alternative sonic approach that attempts to engage with the difficult task of pinpointing protest, rage, and political change as it unfolds in front of our eyes.
The current uprising is unparalleled on multiple fronts. It has galvanized allclassesandsocial groups, with protests erupting in mostcitiesacross Iran although this has come at the bitter price ofdozens killedandthousands arrested.
Guess Lou: It doesnt matter what your job is in a repressive regime; if you are in the minority they dont let you into the game. The only meaningful thing to do in this situation is to resist. The regime of the Islamic Republic of Iran hates music and instruments. And yet I see that we have wonderful musicians both in the country and outside. It means at first we are facing suppression of music and then suppressing minorities. As long as you make music or sing or even listen to music, youre resisting and it is a meaningful action.
How can you best describe what this movement is about what it means to chant Women, Life, Freedom especially in terms of how it might have been misunderstood if people dont look past the headlines?
Guess Lou: In a repressive system, any new and different idea will be eliminated in the name of being foreign (and foreign means enemy in this system). This elimination will take the meaning of freedom from society. And the flow of life will turn into discouragement. Woman is the symbol of life because she can give birth. Iranian people are thirsty for freedom that has been taken from them for years. And they understand very well that the freedom of all depends on the freedom of women.
For those now in the country, whats the sense of where things are at? There must be some fears of greater repression of this movement; how do you respond to that? What can you tell us about the current situation on the ground, especially as we may not get a clear picture from only news and social media?
Guess Lou: I cannot describe to you all that is happening, but I need to mention something to you. This is not a new movement that suddenly happened a week ago. We have been fighting for years. Greater repression? In the fall of 2020, they killed 1,500 people in less than a week. They are pointing guns at people in the streets that should be used in a war against a foreign enemy who wants to attack the countrys territory. It is for this reason that the courage of Iranian women is talked about today. Men and women take to the streets to protest knowing that they may not return home. You may have heard our voice recently, so I feel the need to reiterate that this is not a newly formed movement. This is the voice of the Iranian people after years of struggle for freedom.
Roody: People in Iran have seen the worst; they dont want to stop. I dont want to stop. Every single one of us hopes for freedom. Ha I personally am not afraid of greater repression. I have seen Aban. xxxx
Especially in the west, there can be uncertainty about how to become involved or to be an ally. What would you ask musical audiences to do what sort of action can make a difference?
Roody: The only thing we need from them is to be our voice, spread the news, and represent our voice through your country for your people and government.
Guess Lou: Do not be indifferent to what is happening in Iran, Afghanistan, Syria, Iraq, Turkey, Lebanon, Palestine. Our freedom is tied together. I dont know what the best course of action is, but I know that those who care about freedom will find it well.
Do not be indifferent to what is happening in Iran, Afghanistan, Syria, Iraq, Turkey, Lebanon, Palestine. Our freedom is tied together.
What is the connection to the Kurdish community; whats your sense of their role in expressing this protest, following Mahsa Aminis death?
Roody: Mahsa Amini was Kurdish and Kurdish people are about 10% of the countrys population about 10 million people, living primarily in Irans northwest. And they have been oppressed by the Iranian nation-state, both under the monarchy and under the Islamic Republic today. Their language, which is distinct, is restricted. Their culture is restricted. They make up almost half of the political prisoners in the country despite being a small portion of the population. Their dissidents arent safe even when theyve fled. Iran has assassinated Kurdish leaders. And Kurdish provinces are among the poorest in the country due to economic exploitation by the state, which drives many who live there into deadly jobs like unregulated cross-border trade.
Notably, this is not the first time that Iranian women have courageously resisted these discriminatory practices.
Guess Lou: Let me tell you one thing clearly. It doesnt matter what ethnicity it is. If this happened to any girl of any ethnicity, the result would be the same as what you saw. Because we received this message that we are all Mahsa.
GUESS.LOU works across media not only music but also words and publishing, as seen here:
Listen live now:
radioalhara.net
Read more:
- Jackboot - Wikipedia [Last Updated On: December 8th, 2016] [Originally Added On: December 8th, 2016]
- The Federalist #51 - Constitution Society [Last Updated On: January 8th, 2017] [Originally Added On: January 8th, 2017]
- Free oppression Essays and Papers - 123helpme [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2017] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2017]
- Labour movements in Congo Brazzaville: Between oppression and self determination - CADTM.org [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- A Modern Choice on Life - Harvard Political Review [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- Opinion: While true oppression exists, hypocrisy of some women is clear - Shelby Township Source Newspapers [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- Understanding Information Oppression in the Era of Trump - MediaFile [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- Angolans Bravery Broke Down Chains of Colonial Oppression - Minister - AllAfrica.com [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- Hoosier attorneys travel to Rwanda on legal mission trip - Indiana Lawyer [Last Updated On: February 8th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 8th, 2017]
- Bishop: Government has betrayed me over refugees - Premier [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- Open Letter to NFL Players Traveling to Israel on a Trip Organized by Netanyahu's Government - The Nation. [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- Police Disperse Shiite Protesters Demanding Release Of El-Zakzaky - SaharaReporters.com [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- Turkey's HDP Women's Assembly issues feminist call-to-arms against 'one man rule' - Left Foot Forward [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- Collin Nji: The first African to win Google's CodeIn Challenge - Pulse ... - Pulse Nigeria [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- Student leader says 'black-on-black crime is not a thing,' wants to ... - The College Fix [Last Updated On: February 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2017]
- Sri Lanka: Tamil Insurgents Marxism Versus Nationalism - Sri Lanka Guardian [Last Updated On: February 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2017]
- Israeli Knesset 'legalizes' robbery of Palestinian land - Liberation [Last Updated On: February 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 12th, 2017]
- LETTER: Evangelical Lutheran Church respond to political cartoon - The Dickinson Press [Last Updated On: February 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 12th, 2017]
- Visiting Our Past: Odyssey of Clyde pioneer Jacob Shook - Asheville Citizen-Times [Last Updated On: February 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 12th, 2017]
- Organize to defeat Trump's Muslim ban | Fight Back! - Fight Back! Newspaper [Last Updated On: February 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 12th, 2017]
- Do we have a legitimate government? - Altoona Mirror [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- Anti-Castro Cuban-American lawmakers see a champion in Trump - The Daily Progress [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- Anti-Trump Swedish Government Accused of Hypocrisy for Kowtowing to Iran - Heat Street [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- CSG President vetoes Israel-Palestinian lunch resolution | The ... - The Michigan Daily [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- Sweden's 'Feminist' Government Defends Veiling in Iran After Attacking Trump - Breitbart News [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- U. Mass Students Plot Strike Against 'Oppression' of Migrants - Breitbart News [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- March on Washington: Drawing the Line between Empowerment and Oppression - The Index [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- Ethiopian Athlete Who Made Anti-government Gesture in Rio Reunites With Family - Voice of America [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- Mottley: Tax clearance certificate an 'instrument of oppression' - Loop Barbados [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- Sweden's 'feminist' government criticized for wearing headscarves in Iran - Washington Post [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- Turkey purge: dark cloud of oppression hangs over country's universities - Times Higher Education (THE) (blog) [Last Updated On: February 16th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 16th, 2017]
- Fox News' Todd Starnes Redefines 'The Deplorables' - Forward [Last Updated On: February 16th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 16th, 2017]
- Christophobia: a Global Perspective - AINA (press release) [Last Updated On: February 18th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 18th, 2017]
- AzaadiFreedom from Indian Oppression - Economic and Political Weekly [Last Updated On: February 18th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 18th, 2017]
- Iraqi forces advance on Islamic State-held western Mosul - Stars and Stripes [Last Updated On: February 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 20th, 2017]
- Henry Rollins Doesn't Smoke Pot, But Demands The Right to Choose To - Weed News [Last Updated On: February 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 20th, 2017]
- UC San Diego Students Protest Visit by 'Oppressive and Offensive' Dalai Lama - Heat Street [Last Updated On: February 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 20th, 2017]
- Commentary | We must all stand with Tibet - The McGill Daily (blog) [Last Updated On: February 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 20th, 2017]
- In Trump's America, Christian proselytizing is another form of oppression - LGBTQ Nation [Last Updated On: February 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 20th, 2017]
- Elders share experiences with oppression from their youth - B.C. Catholic Newspaper [Last Updated On: February 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 20th, 2017]
- Iran tells US chess champion to wear a hijab here's how she responds - TheBlaze.com [Last Updated On: February 22nd, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 22nd, 2017]
- Afro-Mexican people brought to light - The Daily Evergreen [Last Updated On: February 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 23rd, 2017]
- Online activism is leading the fight against oppression but at what cost? - Asian Correspondent [Last Updated On: February 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 23rd, 2017]
- Stephen Miller was no hero fighting left-wing oppression at Santa ... - Los Angeles Times [Last Updated On: February 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 23rd, 2017]
- Grass-roots leaders join call for 'disrupting' oppression that hurts many - Catholic News Service [Last Updated On: February 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 23rd, 2017]
- President Trump Breaks a Promise on Transgender Rights - New York Times [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- Pussy Riot Protests Through Make America Great Again Viral Video - Conatus News [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- Governor Treen brought sunshine to Louisiana governmental conservatism - Bayoubuzz [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- I want an international probe into failed Turkey coup Fethullah Glen - Citifmonline [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- Lateral Oppression Hurts Us All - The Lakota Country Times [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- On finding freedom from oppression, fear - Davisclipper [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- Supreme Court denies bail to leading anti-base activist in Okinawa; government accused of oppression - The Japan Times [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- Disobedience Checks Unjust Laws - The Oberlin Review [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- Cycles and Oppression - Patheos (blog) [Last Updated On: February 24th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2017]
- Another Jewish cemetery desecrated; what will the President say? Isn't the government supposed to help? - San Diego Jewish World [Last Updated On: February 27th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 27th, 2017]
- Transport groups hold nationwide transport strike to protest government's PUV modernization program - CNN Philippines [Last Updated On: February 27th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 27th, 2017]
- Opinion: The Relevance of Orwell's 1984 - Emertainment Monthly (registration) (blog) [Last Updated On: February 27th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 27th, 2017]
- Monitoring group documents Turkey-backed profiling in Netherlands - Turkey Purge [Last Updated On: February 27th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 27th, 2017]
- What should we see in the ashes of the Standing Rock protest camp? - Liberation [Last Updated On: February 28th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 28th, 2017]
- Opinion: Focusing on religious oppression in China misses the big ... - CNN [Last Updated On: February 28th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 28th, 2017]
- Trump Vows Teamwork with 'Allies in the Muslim World' to 'Demolish and Destroy ISIS' - Breitbart News [Last Updated On: March 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 1st, 2017]
- Freedom House: Chinese Communists Intensifying Religious ... - Voice of America [Last Updated On: March 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 1st, 2017]
- ISIS Threatens China In New Video Showing Chinese Jihadists - Vocativ [Last Updated On: March 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 1st, 2017]
- Focusing on religious oppression in China misses the big picture - Gant Daily [Last Updated On: March 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 1st, 2017]
- This Is Why The Youth Is Picking Up Arms In Kashmir - Youth Ki Awaaz [Last Updated On: March 2nd, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 2nd, 2017]
- Saudi Arabia: Music video and government initiatives split society - Freemuse [Last Updated On: March 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 3rd, 2017]
- From Latin America to South Africa: it's time for effective solidarity towards Palestine - The Daily Vox (blog) [Last Updated On: March 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 3rd, 2017]
- Focusing on religious oppression in China misses the big picture - CNN International [Last Updated On: March 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 3rd, 2017]
- Articles: Islam, the Veil, and Oppression - American Thinker - American Thinker [Last Updated On: March 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 3rd, 2017]
- UK's student union rebukes officer for Israeli embassy plot - The Electronic Intifada (blog) [Last Updated On: March 4th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 4th, 2017]
- Public needs to help get government back on track - Fairfield Daily Republic [Last Updated On: March 4th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 4th, 2017]
- Shahbaz Bhatti's legacy six years on - DAWN.com [Last Updated On: March 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 6th, 2017]
- The Readers' Forum: Monday letters - Winston-Salem Journal [Last Updated On: March 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 6th, 2017]
- Focusing on religious oppression in China misses the big picture - CNN [Last Updated On: March 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 6th, 2017]
- How America Became a Colonial Ruler in Its Own Cities - Vanity Fair [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 7th, 2017]
- Plurality of Americans are right: "dissatisfaction with government" worst problem facing country - Hilltop Views [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 7th, 2017]
- The Oppression of Eve: Was Patriarchy Actually The First Sin? - Patheos (blog) [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 7th, 2017]
- Thousands in women's rights march in Polish capital - National - thenews.pl [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 7th, 2017]
- Probe: Artist Blacklist Antidemocratic Oppression - KBS WORLD Radio - KBS WORLD Radio News [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 7th, 2017]
- Peoples' Tribunal Indicts Myanmar Leaders for Genocide Against Rohingya, Atrocities Against Kachin - The Chicago Monitor [Last Updated On: March 8th, 2017] [Originally Added On: March 8th, 2017]