MANILA, Philippines - Different countries have different policies/rules on the use of genetic engineering techniques in agriculture and food production. Genetic engineering simply means that the genes of one organism are injected (cut-out and pasted) into the genome of another organism using the so-called gene-splicing techniques of biotechnology in a laboratory resulting in the creations of combinations of plants, animals, bacteria and viral genes that do not occur in nature or through traditional crossbreeding methods.

The products created through the technique of genetic engineering are the so-called GMO (genetically modified organisms) products or transgenic products.

The first genetically modified plants were introduced in the 1980s. Twenty years later (year 2000), genetically modified crops spread to about 44 million hectares of land from less than three (3) hectares in 1996. Common transgenic products include rice, corn, wheat, tomatoes, and soybeans.

To date, countries are not in total agreement as to the extent of regulations/rules the government should promulgate on GMOs. Some countries impose total ban on the production of GMO products because of the damage to human's health due to the presence of allergens, preservatives, and fertilizers used on GMO plants.

On the other hand, there are countries that impose no restrictions and allow the use of GMO products. Also, the reasons advanced using gene-splicing techniques are: it will result to bigger farm yield; higher profitability for the farmers; and cheaper prices of food.

Not many know that there at least thirty-two (32) countries that are imposing mandatory labeling for any product that has been genetically modified. For example, the European parliament passed on April 14, 2004, a rule that all products containing more than nine (0.9) percent of GMO must be labeled... including the labeling of animal feed containing GMOs. Once labeled, the GMOs are being allowed to be sold.

Yes, products containing genetically modified organisms (GMO) should be labeled as such. Also foods derived from GMO. This is the growing clamor of consumers here and abroad. And rightfully so. This is also adherence to the ''full disclosure'' relationship between sellers and buyers. And to use a more popular term for buyers - the consumers.

The consumers should be given the final option whether to patronize GMO products - especially food. Anyway, proponents of GMO products as well as those against such products both have the opportunity to sell their ideas as well as their products to the public. This is what democracy is all about.

By the way, there are countries that consider the use of labels to inform consumers in one country as a form of trade protectionism. Simply because the use of labels may limit the ability of GMO products to gain market access in one country. Different countries may also have different definitions of what is harmful to humans, animals, or environment.

The labeling of GMO products can either be initiated by the producers in the private sector or by the government. In the first case, the labeling is voluntary. In the second case, it is mandatory to protect the consumers. In mandatory GMO-labeling, private firms are held accountable for misrepresentation.

In the US, there is no federal regulation requiring the mandatory labeling of GMO. What is heartening to note though is that there are legislators in individual states in US that are crafting their own labeling registration. For example, Senator Maralyn Chase of Washington State has sponsored a bill that would require both raw GMOs and processed foods containing GMOs to be properly labeled beginning July 2014.

Also, ''Ireland recently banned the growth of any genetically modified foods, and the country has also made available a GMO-free label that can be placed on animal products like meat, poultry, eggs and dairy, fish, and crustaceans, that are raised with feed free of GMOs.''

Prince Charles also once called GMOs the ''biggest environmental disaster of all time,'' while agriculture industrialists like Monsanto swear they're safe for human consumption and a boon for the environment.

While biotechnology is concededly a boom to mankind not only in the area of food production and agriculture but also in other areas like environment and health - there are groups clamoring for the imposition of health and safety measures as there may be disastrous consequences in ''messing with nature.''

Why the so-called ''messing with nature''? Simply because one of the major branches of biotechnology is genetic engineering. The subject of genetic engineering involves the manipulation of genes in humans, animals, and plants. Admittedly, there are advantages as well as disadvantages of genetic engineering. These advantages and disadvantages have to be clearly articulated to our consumers otherwise the anti-GMO sentiment will spread throughout the country - especially when it comes to GMO food products. Food safety is understandably a major concern of cautious consumers nowadays - with the prevalence of different kinds of cancer and other diseases.

Finally, this question as to whether or not our government should impose mandatory labeling of GMO products - especially GMO food products should be resolved soonest by our legislators.

Have a joyful day!

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GMO Labeling