Sao Paulo:On June 30 (Tuesday), the European Union decided to extend a ban on travellers from certain countries which still have rising cases of COVID-19. As the coronavirus graph goes down across the continent and it slowly opens its doors to tourists, people from Brazil have been barred from entering Europe. But citizens of Uruguay, a country of just three million people that shares its border with Brazil, can now travel to the EU countries.
In this important detail lies the story of how Brazil, the biggest country and economy in South America, has made a mess of its coronavirus situation, while its small neighbours have triumphed over the killer virus.
The virus reached South America on February 26, 2020 when Brazil confirmed a case in Sao Paulo. By April 3, all countries in the continent had recorded at least one case. Brazil recorded its first COVID-19 death on March 12. In four months, the country has reached a total of 1,448,753 cases of infection and 60,632 deaths.
The virus hit Argentina on March 3. As of June 30, the country had 64,517 cases and 1,307 deaths. In the past three months, Paraguay has seen 2,221 cases and 17 deaths; and Uruguay has reported 936 infections and 27 deaths. But Brazil registered 46,712 new cases and 1,038 deaths in just past 24 hours (June 30 to July 1).
While Brazils three southern neighbours, which have all shut their borders with the country of 210 million people, have managed to flatten the COVID-19 curve and prevent the contamination of their economies, the South American giant has seen an uncontrolled pandemic, a fast-spreading economic crisis and a deep social fissure that threatens its democracy.
Also read: ICMR Must Decide if it Is Indias Council for Medical Research or its Masters Voice
If Brazil today is in the grip of a deadly virus with no end in sight, the big share of blame rests with Jair Bolsonaro, the far-right president who blindly followed US President Donald Trumps lead in first downplaying the danger of virus and then pressuring state governors and city mayors to restart the commercial activities as economy is life. Since the virus hit the country, Brazil did not go into complete lockdown, instead opting for a quarantine to be observed voluntarily by citizens.
With the closure of schools, colleges, pubs, cafes, restaurants, shopping malls and other non-essential activities, almost 50% of the population have stayed home. The other half, mostly the poor, have been out on the streets as they were the hardest hit by the virus and the recession caused by it.
Real threat, fake news
In denial mode from the beginning, Bolsonaro did his best to encourage people to break quarantine by calling the disease a little cold, joining pro-government rallies without a face mask, shaking hands with people in bakeries, openly demanding that social restrictions be lifted and attacking governors who tried to implement a strict quarantine.
Even as thin crowds attended his weekend rallies in Brasilia, where the president spoke about things like inviting a group of 30 people for a barbecue and repeatedly dismisses the virus as a mild flu, the messaging began to make an impact, with more and more people ignoring the social distancing rules, refusing to wear masks and taking part in neighbourhood parties which sometimes turned violent against those who tried to stop them.
A street cleaner disinfects a street wearing protective clothing (PPE), during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in the municipality of Breves, on Marajo island, Para state, Brazil, June 3, 2020. Photo: Reuters/Ueslei Marcelino
With Bolsonaro giving a clear signal to his far-right base that he was not in a mood to recognise the threat posed by the virus, his supporters unleashed their time-tested weapon of fake news to further fuel the rage against governors and the Supreme Court, which had struck down several of the presidents decrees for curtailing the quarantine measures.
Since the virus began spreading in Brazil, its social media has been flooded with false data, memes, graphics and reports pushing the idea that COVID-19 was not more dangerous than ordinary flu. Bolsonaro himself posted dubious claims on his social media pages. While a few of his posts were taken down by Instagram, Facebook and Twitter, thousands of messages filled with conspiracy theories about the WHO, evil scientists and miracle cures have continued to circulate on WhatsApp groups across Brazil.
Even as hospitals has run out of ICU beds and mayors have to create new cemeteries in public parks, the fake news machinery had been working non-stop, putting the healthcare system under great stress. We are trying to convince people of the problem that is right in front of them. Our biggest problem is fake news, a nurse told the BBC in May, when the number of infections and deaths had just begun to spike.
Also read: How Have the Centres Food Distribution Schemes Performed So Far?
Brazil, which has an internet penetration of 70% and close to 130 million users of WhatsApp, has been a laboratory of fake news for quite some time. In 2018, just before the second round of presidential election in which Bolsonaro was pitted against Fernando Haddad of the Workers Party, a huge expos in Folha de Sao Paulonewspaper revealed that Bolsonaros supporters fired hundreds of millions of messages to thousands of WhatsApp groups over the messaging platform. The illegal practice, which mostly spread fake news about Haddad, was financed by a group of businessmen in complete violation of the countrys election laws. In a recent decision, a Supreme Court judge got hold of the banking and financial dealings of a businessman who is suspected of financing the fake news racket during the elections.
The investigation into the fake news case, which is getting bigger and murkier by the day, can lead to serious charges of electoral crimes an impeachable offence against Bolsonaro. The probe, which also targets the presidents sons, has subdued Bolsonaro a bit but he has continued to undermine his own governments effort to control the pandemic.
Hide the numbers, deny the problem
Between 1971 and 1974, when Brazil was under a military dictatorship, the country was hit by a meningitis epidemic. The crisis was so severe in Sao Paulo that thousands were hospitalised and hundreds died in weeks. The epidemic reached a peak in 1972 when the death rate spiked at 14%. But the generals running the country at that time decided to cover up the crisis. The government did not reveal the real scale of the epidemic and used the victory in the 1970 World Cup to rally the Brazilians around football, a passionate issue in this country. While the military obfuscated the truth to protect the regime from collapsing along with the healthcare system, in 1975, it was proven that the best way to lower the death rate was early diagnosis and treatment.
Bolsonaro, who openly admires the 21 years of military dictatorship and praises the torture inflicted on pro-democracy and leftist activists, seems to be using the same old playbook to hide the real scale of the disease that is ravaging this country. In the first week of June, when the infections were rising and it was becoming clear that the government was losing control of the situation and its mild flu narrative the federal government released two different sets of data about the confirmed cases and deaths. Even as people struggled to make sense of numbers, which brought the figure down drastically from one day to another, Bolsonaro joked on social media that the primetime television news would not be able to report the numbers now.
Also read: Self-Absorbed, Uncaring, Incompetent: COVID Has Exposed Populist Leaders for What They Are
The government came back to releasing the daily figures only after a court order. But for a few days the country was in the dark about the damage being done by the virus. This further weakened the already fragile quarantine. Former health minister Luiz Mandetta, who was fired by Bolsonaro as he refused to tow his line on relaxing the social distancing norms, called the government move dumb and narrow. It is absurd and childishness and it will have consequences, said Mandetta, who was replaced as minister by another doctor who, in turn, was replaced by an army general.
After many days of squabbling with Mandetta, who became hugely popular across Brazil because of daily briefings, Bolsonaro fired him in April and appointed in his place a doctor with no public healthcare experience. The second minister was forced out after just 30 days as Bolsonaro handed over the Ministry of Health to General Eduardo Pazuello, who has no medical or public health experience. Under Pazuello, the health ministry has pushed for the widespread use of drugs like chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which have been rejected by most studies. Daily media briefings have largely disappeared.
Profit over people
Last week, it was revealed that May of this year was the month with the highest number of deaths recorded in the history of Brazil, with COVID-19 claiming 24,111 of the 1,23,861 people who died across the country. In June, Brazil has recorded close to 1,000 deaths a day. In recent days, the number of new infections has touched figures as high as 54,000 in a day. Several survey by the countrys top universities and research centres have released studies that show the actual number of cases of COVID-19 in Brazil is between four to five times greater than the figures officially issued by the Ministry of Health.
By no stretch of imagination is the coronavirus crisis in Brazil over. It has not even peaked yet. But the country seems to be rushing back to business as usual, as in pre-pandemic days. Since the first quarantine was declared in Sao Paulo on March 16, the presidents supporters have used aggressive tactics to break the social distancing rules. Demonstrations and car and bike rallies have been taken out by far-right groups demanding a return to work and the opening of trade.
Now, the combined effect of constant social media messaging against social distancing by Bolsonaro, obfuscation of real numbers by the government, promotion of miracle drugs like HCQ by the Ministry of Health and extreme pressure from business groups has broken the resolve of most governors and mayors to control the pandemic with strict measures. Sao Paulo, the South American financial hub, has already started to open shops, malls and restaurants, despite a record number of new COVID-19 cases. Cities and towns in the state, which is the epicentre of the pandemic with 20% of the infections reported in the country, are following suit even as cases continue to rise.
Cabofriense players are temperature checked as they arrive before a match, following the resumption of play behind closed doors after the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Photo: Reuters/Ricardo Moraes
In Rio de Janeiro, the second biggest city in the country with the highest per capita deaths in Brazil, even football games are back despite many top clubs not wanting to expose their players to the virus. But, egged on by Bolsonaro, big clubs like Flamengo and Vasco da Gama have pushed athletes to play in the middle of the pandemic. Even with the virus showing no signs of slowing down and several players testing positive, the city mayor is already under pressure to open one-third of the stadiums to spectators. The beaches of Rio, which were opened to the public some 10 days ago, are already packed with people. Masks are rare. Social distancing norms have been abandoned by most.
As Brazil becomes the first country to reopen its economy without ever closing it in a real sense, public health experts are watching the unfolding situation with horror. On Tuesday, members of the Pan American Health Organisation, the regional arm of the WHO, said the epidemic may reach peak in Brazil by mid-August and that the country may have more than 80,000 deaths by then. Some studies have estimated a much higher number till the end of 2020.
Bolsonaro, a self-declared fan of Donald Trump, follows the US presidents policies and style of functioning to a fault. Even in mismanaging a pandemic, he seems to be mimicking his idol on the northern side of the Equator.
Shobhan Saxena is a journalist based in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
The rest is here:
Fake News, Hiding Data and Profits: How COVID-19 Spun Out of Control in Brazil - The Wire
- The little things pop-ups, notifications, warnings work to fight fake news, new evidence shows - Nieman Journalism Lab at Harvard [Last Updated On: July 2nd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 2nd, 2020]
- Take care before you share: Nazma Aapi is back with her witty yet important message on fake news - Hindustan Times [Last Updated On: July 2nd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 2nd, 2020]
- Fake News and Alternative Facts - KCPW [Last Updated On: July 2nd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 2nd, 2020]
- Fake News: What is the Epoch Times and Why Did It Arrive On My Doorstep? - Lost Coast Outpost [Last Updated On: July 2nd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 2nd, 2020]
- There probably isn't as much fake news in the media as we think - New Scientist News [Last Updated On: July 5th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 5th, 2020]
- Letters to the Editor: 'Fake news' on coronavirus; rampant revisionism; the nature of gender - The Providence Journal [Last Updated On: July 5th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 5th, 2020]
- Fake News Busted! BMC clarifies 169 residents of Omkar Alta Monte in Malad have not tested positive for - Mumbai Mirror [Last Updated On: July 5th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 5th, 2020]
- Brazil's Bolsonaro would veto bill regulating fake news in current form - Reuters [Last Updated On: July 5th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 5th, 2020]
- MMA and QAnon: How fake news and conspiracies permeated the octagon - The Guardian [Last Updated On: July 5th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 5th, 2020]
- Liberty and responsibility: SC rulings on internet restrictions in J&K uphold balanced constitutionalism - The Indian Express [Last Updated On: July 10th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 10th, 2020]
- People more wary of others viewing Covid-19 fake news than themselves survey - Yahoo Finance UK [Last Updated On: July 10th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 10th, 2020]
- CBSE Board Results 2020: Results not on July 11 and 13, CBSE says notice fake - The Financial Express [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2020]
- Learn about misinformation, fake news and political propaganda in an online workshop from the Klamath County Library - Herald and News [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2020]
- Editor, staff arrested for fake news on CMs health - The Hindu [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2020]
- Fake news alert: CBSE 2020 results not releasing this week - NewsBytes [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2020]
- Maharashtra Lockdown Extension News: Shutdown in Thane's Bhiwandi Town Extended Till July 19 - India.com [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2020]
- We live in an age of 'fake news'. But Australian children are not learning enough about media literacy - The Conversation AU [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2020]
- There is a pandemic of fake news and hate on social media. You can help fight it - The Times of India Blog [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2020]
- Education In The Age Of Fake News, Distraction, And Vanity - Forbes [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2020]
- Fake news detection tool being developed at University of Exeter - Information Age [Last Updated On: July 14th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 14th, 2020]
- How the UAE is using fake news to manufacture a Turkish role in Yemen - TRT World [Last Updated On: July 14th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 14th, 2020]
- Google to boost fake news, illegal content monitoring on YouTube - India TV News [Last Updated On: July 14th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 14th, 2020]
- Coronavirus: misinformation is leading to 'fake news' anxieties in Dutch refugee communities - The Conversation UK [Last Updated On: July 14th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 14th, 2020]
- Priyanka Gandhi says report that she wants more time to vacate government bungalow is fake news - Scroll.in [Last Updated On: July 15th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 15th, 2020]
- PQE Group Creates an Internal Research Task Force to Fight Fake News in Relation to COVID-19 - PRNewswire [Last Updated On: July 15th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 15th, 2020]
- We were shouted at for wearing masks. This is why the situation in the US is so dire - Sky News [Last Updated On: July 18th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 18th, 2020]
- Man arrested for fake post on Mayurbhanj royal family in Odisha's Baripada - The New Indian Express [Last Updated On: July 18th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 18th, 2020]
- Fake News Alert: No Lockdown Will be Imposed in Jammu From Tomorrow | Heres The Truth - India.com [Last Updated On: July 18th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 18th, 2020]
- Future of astrology: Is there a place for pseudoscience in newspapers? - Press Gazette [Last Updated On: July 19th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 19th, 2020]
- Prathap NM, hailed as 'drone scientist', passes off German and Japanese drones as his own - Alt News [Last Updated On: July 19th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 19th, 2020]
- Khabib has not retired, will face Gaethje 'before the end of the year' - Yahoo Sports [Last Updated On: July 19th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 19th, 2020]
- Project Origin is watermarking media to fight fake news ahead of the election - Axios [Last Updated On: July 19th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 19th, 2020]
- Facts or fake news: Revealing patterns in the COVID-19 tweets of Trudeau and Trump - The Conversation CA [Last Updated On: July 19th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 19th, 2020]
- Afraid Outraged Fake News Could Be the Culprit / Public News - Public News Service [Last Updated On: July 19th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 19th, 2020]
- Covid-19 misinformation is everywhere, but it could have been much worse - CNBC [Last Updated On: July 19th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 19th, 2020]
- Trump's coronavirus briefings are back, but the trust isn't - NBC News [Last Updated On: July 21st, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 21st, 2020]
- 'Staggering' Russia report reveals why government batted off Brexit interference claims - Sky News [Last Updated On: July 21st, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 21st, 2020]
- Exploring the world: primary approaches to news literacy - The Guardian [Last Updated On: July 22nd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 22nd, 2020]
- Fake news alert: Helicopter-truck crash video doing rounds on social is not from Amritsar. Here's the truth - Times Now [Last Updated On: July 23rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 23rd, 2020]
- Clint Eastwood Sues, Says He Has Nothing to Do With CBD Products - The New York Times [Last Updated On: July 23rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 23rd, 2020]
- Wake up, America; discount the fake news - News from southeastern Connecticut - theday.com [Last Updated On: July 23rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 23rd, 2020]
- Singapore's Ambassador to the US Responds to Criticism of 'Fake News' Law - The Diplomat [Last Updated On: July 23rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 23rd, 2020]
- People are injecting themselves with bleach because of fake news, says senior MP - Telegraph.co.uk [Last Updated On: July 23rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 23rd, 2020]
- Police crack down on those spreading fake news - The Hindu [Last Updated On: July 23rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 23rd, 2020]
- Turning Fake News on its Head: Stalin Lives Again to Reveal Deep Truth - Canada NewsWire [Last Updated On: July 25th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 25th, 2020]
- Cake meme reflects coronavirus absurdity in a world where nothing is what it seems - NBC News [Last Updated On: July 26th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 26th, 2020]
- The Misinformation Age Has ExacerbatedAnd Been Exacerbated Bythe Coronavirus Pandemic - TIME [Last Updated On: July 26th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 26th, 2020]
- Why are millennials and Gen Z turning to Instagram as a news source? - The Guardian [Last Updated On: July 27th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 27th, 2020]
- [Webinar] #FreeSpeech: Perspectives from the UK and the US on Social Media Liability for Fake News, Damaging Content and Censorship - July 29th, 9:00... [Last Updated On: July 27th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 27th, 2020]
- Governors who took the virus seriously from the start get a boost - NBC News [Last Updated On: July 27th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 27th, 2020]
- Fighting fake news! Actively working on removing misinformation from platform: YouTube - The Financial Express [Last Updated On: July 27th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 27th, 2020]
- NOT REAL NEWS: A look at fake news that was shared on social media this week - WBTW [Last Updated On: July 29th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 29th, 2020]
- UK trade department to tackle 'fake news' with new rebuttal role - The Guardian [Last Updated On: July 30th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 30th, 2020]
- Propaganda, fake news and disinformation on the internet could destroy us Susan Dalgety - The Scotsman [Last Updated On: July 30th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 30th, 2020]
- The news item "SPECIAL REPORT: Janez Jana's Newest Investment Scared the Government and Big Banks" is an online scam - Gov.si [Last Updated On: July 30th, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 30th, 2020]
- Fake news and COVID-19, a neverending saga - The New Indian Express [Last Updated On: July 31st, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 31st, 2020]
- People on social media more inclined to believe Coronavirus fake news: Study - India TV News [Last Updated On: July 31st, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 31st, 2020]
- Our View: Fake news leaves a mess in its wake - The Times [Last Updated On: July 31st, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 31st, 2020]
- A lot of people said its a fake issue: Trump confirms he didnt raise Russian bounties with Putin - POLITICO [Last Updated On: July 31st, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 31st, 2020]
- Yes, Fake News Is a Problem. But Theres a Real News Problem, Too. - The New York Times [Last Updated On: July 31st, 2020] [Originally Added On: July 31st, 2020]
- Dont bank on Britains foppish, lazy elites to save us from deep fakery - The Guardian [Last Updated On: August 2nd, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 2nd, 2020]
- Shipments of Belarusian ammunition to USA dismissed as fake news - Belarus News (BelTA) [Last Updated On: August 2nd, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 2nd, 2020]
- COVID-19 fake news: how to spot it and what locals are doing to stop it - LocalNews8.com [Last Updated On: August 2nd, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 2nd, 2020]
- Facebook Complies With Brazilian Judge's Order To Block 12 Accounts Accused Of Running A Fake News Network - Inventiva [Last Updated On: August 3rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 3rd, 2020]
- Heres one reason youre more likely to believe #fakenews and conspiracy theories about COVID-19 - MarketWatch [Last Updated On: August 3rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 3rd, 2020]
- Covid-19: Misinformation, fake news on coronavirus is proving to be contagious - Hindustan Times [Last Updated On: August 3rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 3rd, 2020]
- AI-Driven News and Social Credibility Tool Launches in US to Identify and Combat Fake News - PRNewswire [Last Updated On: August 3rd, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 3rd, 2020]
- We must teach students to navigate through misinformation, fake news: VP - Times of India [Last Updated On: August 5th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 5th, 2020]
- Disha Salian's father says 'no truth' in reports of her involvement with politician: 'Stop tarnishing my daughter's reputation' - Hindustan Times [Last Updated On: August 6th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 6th, 2020]
- Netflix's Fake-News Thriller 'The Hater' Is Way Too Real - WIRED [Last Updated On: August 6th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 6th, 2020]
- Sensitive to claims of bias, Facebook relaxed misinformation rules for conservative pages - NBC News [Last Updated On: August 7th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 7th, 2020]
- FAQ: Why Brazil's Plan to Mandate Traceability in Private Messaging Apps Will Break User's Expectation of Privacy and Security - EFF [Last Updated On: August 7th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 7th, 2020]
- WhatsApp has done well to curb fake news, but social and messaging services need to invest more in tech - The Financial Express [Last Updated On: August 7th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 7th, 2020]
- WhatsApp brings new 'search the web' feature to curb fake news - Deccan Herald [Last Updated On: August 7th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 7th, 2020]
- Fake Twitter account of Manoj Sinha created to spread rumours; FIR lodged - The Tribune India [Last Updated On: August 10th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 10th, 2020]
- US President Trump tweets picture of him on Mt Rushmore, says reports of asking to be on it 'fake' - Deccan Herald [Last Updated On: August 10th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 10th, 2020]
- Recruitment notice in our name to fill 5285 vacancies is fake: Ministry of Railways - Hindustan Times [Last Updated On: August 10th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 10th, 2020]
- Badshah on being questioned by police in fake followers case: Ive categorically denied all the al... - Hindustan Times [Last Updated On: August 10th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 10th, 2020]
- Swara Bhasker says Rhea Chakraborty subjected to dangerous media trial led by impulses of mob just... - Hindustan Times [Last Updated On: August 10th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 10th, 2020]
- Alleging harassment and fake news, Disha's father writes to cops - NewsBytes [Last Updated On: August 10th, 2020] [Originally Added On: August 10th, 2020]