By Margaret Somerville

Margaret Somerville

Advocates of legalizing euthanasia reject slippery slope arguments as unfounded fear-mongering and claim that its use will always be restricted to rare cases of dying people with unrelievable, unbearable suffering. But, as the Netherlands and Belgium demonstrate, thats not what results, in practice.

The logical and practical slippery slopes are unavoidable and inevitable, because those consequences are built into the act of legalization through its justification of inflicting death. Once we cross the clear line that we must not intentionally kill another person, theres no logical stopping point.

Let me explain.

When euthanasia is first legalized, the usual necessary and sufficient justification for breaching that line is a conjunctive justification comprised of respect for individual autonomy and the relief of suffering. But as people and physicians become accustomed to euthanasia, they ask, Why not just relief of suffering or respect for autonomy alone?, and these become alternative justifications.

As a lone justification, relief of suffering allows euthanasia of those unable to consent for themselves. Pro-euthanasia advocates argue that allowing euthanasia is to do good to suffering, mentally competent people. Consequently, denying it to mentally incompetent suffering people unable to consent is wrong; its discrimination on the basis of mental handicap. So suffering people with dementia or disabled newborn babies or children should be given access to euthanasia, as we have just seen legally allowed in Belgium.

And if one owns ones own life and no one else has the right to interfere with ones decisions in that regard, as pro-euthanasia advocates also claim, then respect for the persons autonomy is a sufficient justification for euthanasia. That is, the person need not be suffering to have access, hence the proposal in the Netherlands that euthanasia should be available to those over 70 and tired of life.

And once the initial justification for euthanasia is expanded, why not allow some other justifications, for instance, saving on healthcare costs, especially with an aging population? Until very recently, this was an unaskable question.

Now, its being raised in relation to euthanasia. Its anecdotal, but a final year medical student in a class I was teaching became very angry because I rejected his insistent claim that legalizing euthanasia was essential to save the healthcare costs of an aging population.

The practical slippery slope is unavoidable because familiarity with inflicting death causes us to lose a sense of the awesomeness of what euthanasia involveskilling another human being. The same is true in making euthanasia a medical act.

In summary, familiarity with inflicting death and making euthanasia a medical act makes both its logical extension and its abuse, in practice, much more likely, indeed, I believe inevitable. That means we need to stay firmly behind the clear line that establishes that we do not intentionally kill each other by rejecting the legalization of euthanasia.

Editors note. Margaret Somerville is the founding director of the Centre for Medicine, Ethics and Law at McGill University. This appeared at http://www.euthanasiestop.be.

More here:

Why euthanasia slippery slopes are inevitable - National Right to Life News