This article was originally published on 30th June this year and we are republishing it today as part of a series celebrating some of our favourite pieces from the past 12 months.

Read more: the future of CPUs

Computers are built around logic: performing mathematical operations using circuits. Logic is built around things such as Addersnot the snake; the basic circuit that adds together two numbers. This is as true of today's microprocessors as all those going back to the very beginning of computing history. You could go back to an abacus and find that, at some fundamental level, it does the same thing as your shiny gaming PC. It's just much, much less capable.

Nowadays, processors can do a lot of mathematical calculations using any number of complex circuits in a single clock. And a lot more than just add two numbers together, too. But to get to your shiny new gaming CPU, there has been a process of iterating on the classical computers that came before, going back centuries.

As you might imagine, building something entirely different to that is a little, uh, tricky, but that's what some are striving to do, with technologies like quantum and neuromorphic computingtwo distinct concepts that could change computing for good.

"Quantum computing is a technology that, at least by name, we have become very accustomed to hearing about and is always mentioned as 'the future of computing'," says Carlos Andrs Trasvia Moreno, software engineering coordinator at CETYS Ensenada.

Quantum computers utilise qubits, or quantum bits. Unlike a classical bit, which can only exist in one of two states, these qubits can exist in two states and a superposition of those two states. It's zero, one, or both zero and one at the same time. And if that sounds awfully confusing, that's because it is, but it also has immense potential.

Quantum computers are expected to be powerful enough to break modern-day 'unbreakable' encryption, accelerate medicine discover, re-shape how the global economy transports goods, explore the stars, and pretty much revolutionise anything involving massive number crunching.

The problem is, quantum computers are immensely difficult to make, and maybe even more difficult to run.

Social Links Navigation

"One of the main drawbacks of quantum computing is its high-power consumption, since it works with algorithms of far greater complexity than that of any current CPU," Moreno continues. "Also, it requires an environment of near absolute zero temperatures, which worsens the power requirements of the system. Lastly, they are extremely sensitive to environmental disturbances such as heat, light and vibrations.

We're scratching the surface there with quantum computing.

"Any of these can alter the current quantum states and produce unexpected outcomes."

And while you can sort of copy the function of classical logic with qubitswe're not starting entirely at zero in developing these machinesto exploit a quantum computer's power requires new and complex quantum algorithms that we're only just getting to grips with.

IBM is one company investing heavily in quantum computing, aiming to create a quantum computer with 4,158 or more qubits by 2025. Google also has its fingers in quantum.

Admittedly, we're still a long way off ubiquitous 'quantum supremacy', which is the moment when a quantum computer is better than today's top classical supercomputers. Google did claim it did just that back in 2019, though that may have turned out to be something of a niche achievement, but nonetheless an impressive one. Either way, in practical terms, we're just not there yet.

They're a real pain to figure out, to put it scientifically. But that's never stopped a good engineer yet.

"I do think that we're scratching the surface there with quantum computing. And again, just like we broke the laws of physics with silicon over and over and over again, I think we break the laws of physics here, too," Marcus Kennedy, general manager of gaming at Intel, tells me.

Marcus Kennedy

There's more immediate potential for the future of computing in artificial intelligence, your favourite 2023 buzzword. But it really is a massive and life-changing development for many, and I'm not just talking about that clever-sounding, slightly-too-argumentative chatbot in your browser. We're only scratching the surface of AI's uses today, and to unlock those deeper, more impactful uses there's a whole new type of chip in the works.

"Neuromorphic computing is, in my mind, the most viable alternative [to classical computing]," Moreno says.

"In a sense, we could say that neuromorphic computers are biological neural networks implemented on hardware. One would think it's simply translating a perceptron to voltages and gates, but it's actually a closer imitation on how brains work, on how actual neurons communicate amongst each other through synapsis."

What is neuromorphic computing? The answers in the name, neuro, meaning related to the nervous system. A neuromorphic computer aims to imitate the greatest computer, and most complex creation, ever known to man: the brain.

"I think we'll get to a place where the processing capability of those neuromorphic chips far outstrips the processing capability of a monolithic die based on an x86 architecture, a traditional kind of architecture. Because the way the brain operates, we know it has the capacity and the capability that far outstrips anything else," Kennedy says.

"The most effective kind of systems tend to look very much like things that you see in nature."

Neuromorphic chips are yet to reach their breakthrough moment, but they're coming. Intel has a couple of neuromorphic chips in development today, Loihi and Loihi 2.

And what is a neuromorphic chip, really? Well, it's a brain, with neurons and synapses. But since they're still crafted from silicon, think of them as a sort of hybrid of a classical computer chip and the biology of the brain.

And not necessarily a big brainLoihi 2 has 1 million neurons and 120 million synapses, which is many orders of magnitude smaller than a human brain with roughly 86 billion neurons and trillions of synapses. It's hard to count them all, as you might imagine, so we don't really know precisely, but we have big ol' brains. You can brag about that all you want to your smaller-brained animal companions.

A cockroach is estimated to have as many synapses as Loihi 2, for a better understanding of the grey matter scale we're talking about here.

"We claim you don't need to be that complex that the brain has its function, but if you're going to do computing, you just need some of the basic functions of a neuron and synapse to actually make it work," Dr. Mark Dean told me in 2021.

Dr. Mark Dean

Neuromorphic computing has a lot of room to grow, and with a rapidly growing interest in AI, this nascent technology may prove to be the key to powering those ever-more-impressive AI models you keep reading about.

The amount of processing power would surpass any of the existing products with just a fraction of the energy.

You might think that AI models are running just fine today, which is primarily thanks to Nvidia's graphics cards running the show. But the reason neuromorphic computing is so tantalising to some is "that it can heavily reduce the power consumption of a processor, whilst still managing the same computational capabilities of modern chips," Moreno says.

"In comparison, the human brain is capable of hundreds of teraflops of processing power with only 20 watts of energy consumption, whilst a modest graphics card can output 40-50 teraflops of power with an energy consumption of 450 watts."

Basically, "If a neuromorphic processor were to be developed and implemented in a GPU, the amount of processing power would surpass any of the existing products with just a fraction of the energy."

Sound appealing? Yeah, of course it does. Lower energy consumption isn't only massive for the potential computing power it could bring about, it's massive for using less energy, which has knock-on effects for cooling, too.

"Changing the architecture of computing would also require a different programming paradigm to be implemented, which in its own will also be an impressive feat," Moreno continues.

Building a neuromorphic chip is one thing, programming for it is something else. That's one reason why Intel's neuromorphic computing framework is open-source, you need a lot of hands on deck to get this sort of project off the ground.

"The thing that we haven't cracked yet is the software behind how to leverage the structure," Kennedy says. "And so you can create a chip that looks very much like a brain, the software is really what makes it function like a brain. And to date, we haven't cracked that nut."

It'll take some time before we entirely replace AI accelerators with something that resembles a brain. Or Adders and binary functions, that are as old as computing itself, with quantum computers. Yet experiential attempts have already begun to replace classical computing as we know it.

A recent breakthrough claimed by Microsoft sees the company very bullish on quantum's future, and there's also recently been IBM predicting quantum computers will outperform classical ones in important tasks within two years.

In the words of Intel's Kennedy, "I think we're getting there."

Continued here:
We're on the brink of the biggest changes to computing's DNA and it's not just quantum that's coming - PC Gamer

TAMPA, Fla. - Quantum computers are still in development, but the early developments show how this emerging technology can transform our world in ways we cant even fully predict.

"Honestly, they're not 100% sure what exactly they're going to be able to use it for yet except that its very powerful and can generate very complex numbers," said Toms Hardware Editor Tom Freedman.

To understand what a quantum computer is and how it works, lets start with traditional computers.

RELATED: The Quantum Leaps physicists made in science and how it's changing our lives

The computers we use today work by transmitting and receiving rapid pulses of electricity. Those electrical pulses carry intricate codes in a string of zeroes and ones that flow in and out of the chips (or brains) of our computers.

The chips coordinate, interpret and transmit the codes to our monitors to form images, to apps to perform calculations, etc.

A quantum computer uses subatomic particles within tiny circuits called Qubits, and those particles or Qubits that are entangled (or linked together), so they connect and function in tandem. And as strange as it sounds as we learned from the laws of quantum mechanics those subatomic particles are also in different positions at the same time.

"When you have a traditional computer, its on or off. It uses these things called bits: 1-0, on-off, yes-no," Freedman noted. "Quantum computing is both on and off at the same time. Its this weird head space. They'll stack these things called cubits together. And in really cold rooms, they can use them to measure multiple values at once using quantum mechanics."

READ: Mint Mobile informs customers about a security data breach

In other words, a Qubit can multitask in ways a traditional computer cannot.

Scientists hope these exponentially faster and more powerful Qubits could give us precise times and locations of natural disasters, develop far more advanced medicine, solve our traffic woes, help us take the next giant leaps in space and help us reign in the effects of climate change.

Continue reading here:
'It's very powerful': The promise and potential of quantum computers - AOL

The Emergence of Quantum Computing

Quantum computing is an emergent computational paradigm that uses quantum bits or qubits as the basic units of information. This unique approach allows for massive parallelism and complex computation through quantum effects and entanglement. Unlike traditional bits that can be either a 0 or a 1, qubits can be in a state of superposition, being both 0 and 1 simultaneously. This feature, along with entanglement, where qubits become interconnected and the state of one can instantly affect the state of another, is what enables quantum speedups.

A notable achievement in quantum computing is the demonstration of quantum supremacy, where a quantum computer performs a task faster than any classical computer. This supremacy has been achieved in experimental setups for specific problems, such as integer factorization using Shors landmark quantum algorithm. This has valuable real-world implications in areas like cryptography. Quantum simulation is another promising domain where quantum computing can have a significant advantage.

While quantum computing poses exciting possibilities, there are tangible challenges to overcome. Fragile qubit coherence times, the engineering scalability of qubit arrays, and operational errors are among the difficulties faced in the field. However, steady experimental progress and cutting-edge technological advancements, such as IBMs 433 qubit powerful Osprey processor, are paving the way towards more robust and efficient quantum processors.

As quantum computing evolves, the risk it poses to existing encryption systems becomes increasingly apparent. The computational prowess of quantum machines threatens to render current cryptographic defenses obsolete. However, initiatives are underway to develop quantum resistant cryptography and quantum key distribution to safeguard digital communications. Post quantum algorithms are also being developed, which are based on complex mathematical problems with no known solutions, ensuring long-term security in the quantum era.

Quantum computing also holds implications for blockchain technology. It has the potential to optimize blockchain by accelerating the mining process, execution of smart contracts, and enhancing security with post quantum algorithms. However, the transition to quantum safe solutions poses challenges in terms of development, implementation, and maintaining the scalability and efficiency of blockchain transactions.

Despite the challenges and threats, the potential of quantum computing is immense. It promises to solve problems currently deemed insurmountable by classical computing. Experts argue that the future of quantum computing lies in small, steady improvements rather than revolutionary leaps. Once integrated effectively, these improvements could lead to the construction of increasingly larger and more powerful quantum systems, revolutionizing numerous fields of study and transforming the world as we know it.

In conclusion, while quantum computing is surrounded by hype, its not just an illusion. Its a rapidly evolving field with significant challenges to overcome, but its potential to reshape our world is undeniable.

See the original post here:
The Emergence of Quantum Computing: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Prospects - Medriva

What is Quantum Computing?

Utilizing the ideas of quantum mechanics to carry out computations, quantum computing is a paradigm shift in computing. Quantum computers employ quantum bits, or qubits, which can exist in numerous states concurrently due to the laws of superposition and entanglement. This is in contrast to classical computers, which use bits as binary units (0 or 1).

Quantum Computing History

Physicist Richard Feynman first introduced the idea of quantum computing in the early 1980s as a way to emulate quantum systems. David Deutsch later came up with the name quantum computing in 1985. But the first quantum algorithms, like Grovers and Shors, didnt show off the potential capabilities of quantum computing until the late 1990s.

Types of Quantum Computing

Although there are many ways to create quantum computers, gate-based quantum computing and quantum annealing are the two primary varieties. Quantum gates are used by gate-based quantum computers, like those made by Google and IBM, to control qubits. D-Wave and other quantum annealers use quantum annealing to solve optimization issues.

How Does Quantum Computing Work?

The concepts of superposition and entanglement are used in quantum computing to carry out intricate calculations. Because qubits can exist in several states at once, quantum computers can process enormous volumes of data at once. Qubits are manipulated by quantum gates to carry out operations, and the outcome is determined by measuring the final state.

Quantum Computing Applications

Quantum computing holds promise for a wide range of applications, including:

Quantum Computing Technology

Technologies for quantum computing are being actively developed by several businesses and academic institutes. IBM, Google, Microsoft, Rigetti, IonQ, and D-Wave are some of the major participants. Usually kept in specially designed buildings with extremely low temperatures to minimize interference from outside sources, quantum computers are stored there.

Quantum Computing Advantages

Quantum Computing Disadvantages

Future of Quantum Computing

Quantum computing has immense potential for revolutionary developments in the future. Researchers work to address issues like mistake rates and scalability as technology advances. It is already possible for quantum computers to achieve quantum supremacy, wherein they surpass classical computers in specific tasks. It is anticipated that further advancements in quantum hardware and algorithms will open up new avenues and influence the direction of computing in the future.

In conclusion, quantum computing is an exciting new area of technology that has the potential to completely transform several different sectors. Even while quantum computing is still in its infancy, its quick development and growing interest from academia and industry point to a bright future. We may expect a quantum leap in computational power and efficiency as long as researchers keep overcoming obstacles.

More:
Quantum Computing Explained: A Simple Dive into the Future of Tech - ELE Times

Supercomputers have their limitations. Fortunately, a new technology is emerging. Its the quantum computer, utilizing phenomena at the atomic and subatomic levels. Quantum computer Chalmers [Photo: Anita Fors (Chalmers), CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons]

Our civilization largely operates today due to computers and the data they process. However, when significant computational power is required, the existing silicon-based technology falls short. Hence, companies like IBM, Google, Microsoft, Alibaba, and a few others are currently working on prototype inventions. This is about quantum computing.

Major companies understand that whoever first masters quantum computations will gain a significant advantage over competitors. Computers based on this technology will be able to swiftly sift through massive amounts of data. They will also enable modeling complex physical or biochemical phenomena.

Quantum computers perform computations not on bits, which can hold values of 0 or 1, but on so-called qubits. These can hold different values simultaneously. Scientists leverage the principles governing the world of elementary particles to create computational machines.

Conventional computers conduct calculations on sequences of bits zeros and ones. Quantum computers employ quantum bits or qubits, which can assume both these values simultaneously this is called superposition. This exponential increase in computational power occurs as a result. Quantum computers can perform operations in one fell swoop that would take classical machines an enormous amount of time. Qubits can be constructed from individual elementary particles like electrons, atoms, or slightly larger entities loops of superconductors through which current flows incessantly.

In the realm of quantum physics, there exists a strange and not entirely understood relationship between elementary particles such as electrons. When we entangle them (for example, by bringing them close together), their fates become closely intertwined. If we then alter the properties of one, the other

Read this article:
The Quantum Leap: Revolutionizing Computing and Its Impact - Medium

Todays artificial intelligence (AI) systems are only as good as the data theyre trained on. The AI industry is currently taking advantage of large datasets to train AI models and make them more useful. However, as these datasets are becoming limited, researchers are exploring other ways to improve AI algorithms. One such way is quantum computing. It is a new frontier of computer science that will enable better AI algorithms shortly.

Atoms make up our world, and they and their constituents have baffling yet interesting properties. For example, electrons have spin and orbit that can be either up. In addition, they can be in any of the infinite discrete energy levels. These properties determine the quantum states of atoms. At a subatomic level, everything exists as quantum states rather than as traditional logical on or off values. This phenomenon gave rise to quantum computing. It has the potential to change how we see artificial intelligence forever.

Quantum computing is an entirely different way of studying the world around us. It does not just focus on the properties of atoms and molecules. It takes a look at the subatomic properties of atoms that are actually in superposition. That is, they exist in multiple states at the same time. This is one of the principles of quantum mechanics that enable subatomic particles to exist as both particles and waves at the same time.

These principles are strange and counterintuitive. According to them, a computing system cannot only store and process data in binary bits, 0s and 1s. Or in more electronic engineering terms, the state of off and on of an electronic switch. It can also store and process data in superposed states of not on or off but the combination thereof. By harnessing these principles, quantum computers can solve complex problems much faster than traditional computers.

Quantum computers are a variety of different supercomputers based on quantum mechanics. These quantum computers use the laws of quantum mechanics to process information. That means they can find patterns in big data that are almost impossible to find with conventional computers. This way, they are fundamentally different from the computers we use today.

When it comes to artificial intelligence, quantum computing can analyze a wider variety of data. At the same time, they can come to better conclusions than computers today. Conventional computers can only process information as either 1s or 0s. Quantum computers can process information in multiple states known as qubits at once. That enables them to analyze a wider variety of data and come to better conclusions than computers can today.

Artificial intelligence has come a long way in the past few years. It has been able to generate realistic 3D images and videos. In addition, it is beginning to embrace quantum computing. That has given rise to quantum AI. Artificial intelligence now leverages quantum computers. And their full integration will be a technological revolution of the century.

There are several benefits of using quantum AI in creative industries. I have already made it clear it can handle large data sets faster and more efficiently than traditional AI technologies. It can also identify patterns that are difficult for regular computers to spot. Furthermore, it can combine and rearrange existing ideas. Hence it can create new ideas in ways that any human cannot imagine possible.

One of the biggest hurdles for artificial intelligence today is training the machine to do something useful. For example, we might have a model that can correctly identify a dog in a photo. But the model will need to be trained with tens of thousands of images for it to recognize the subtle differences between a beagle, a poodle, and a Great Dane. This process is what AI researchers call training. They use it to teach AI algorithms to make predictions in new situations.

Quantum computing can make this training process faster and more accurate. It will allow AI researchers to use more data than they have ever used before. It can process large amounts of data in 1s and 0s and the combination thereof which will enable quantum computers to come to more accurate conclusions than traditional computers. In other words, AI researchers can use larger datasets to train AI models to be more accurate and better at decision-making.

One of the most exciting predictions for quantum computing in artificial intelligence is the potential to break through language barriers. AI models can currently understand one language the language used to train them. so if we need AI to understand a different language, we shall need to teach it from scratch. However, quantum computing can help AI models break through language barriers. It will allow us to train models in one language and translate them into a different language effortlessly.

That will enable AI to understand and interpret different languages simultaneously. What this will do is create a global AI that can speak multiple languages. Another exciting prediction for the future of AI with quantum computing is the potential to build models with more accurate decision-making skills: Quantum computing will allow using larger datasets to train models. Hence AI will be able to make more accurate decisions that will be especially helpful for financial models, which often have a high rate of inaccuracy because of the limited data used to train them.

Artificial intelligence is already improving the performance of quantum computers. This trend will only continue in the future. The following are some reasons why:

The potential of quantum computing is limitless, but its integration into artificial intelligence will produce a technology that will be rather powerful than anything we have today. The new technology will enable machines to learn and self-evolve. It will make them exponentially better at solving complex problems and developing self-learning algorithms that will drive efficiency in sectors such as finance or healthcare.

Quantum AI systems will be able to process large amounts of information quickly and accurately. That will open up a new world of possibilities for businesses and individuals. They will also be able to solve complex problems that are impossible for even the most advanced conventional computer systems.

Nevertheless, we must remember that these technologies are relatively new; we are still discovering new ways to use quantum computing. Therefore, we must be aware of the latest technology to take advantage of new opportunities as they come along.

The rise of quantum computing will change the way we interact with AI in the future. That means we must stay informed so we can prepare for the changes and make the most of this exciting technology.

Link:
What Quantum Computing Will Mean for the Future Artificial Intelligence - Medium

As we stand on the precipice of a new year, the quantum computing landscape is poised for a thrilling transformation. The possibilities seem endless, and the buzz around quantum technologies is reaching fever pitch. Join me in this exhilarating journey as we don our quantum goggles and peer into the quantum crystal ball to anticipate the hottest trends that 2024 has in store for us.

Get ready for jaw-dropping moments as quantum computing showcases its prowess with more compelling demonstrations of quantum advantage. In 2024, were likely to witness practical applications that leave us wide-eyed from optimizations in supply chain management to groundbreaking advances in drug discovery. Its not just theory anymore; quantum is gearing up to show the world what it can truly accomplish.

Hold on to your qubits because the quantum cloud is about to rain innovation! Expect major players to dive headfirst into offering quantum computing as a service. This means that even if you dont have a quantum computer humming in your basement, you can still harness the computational magic of quantum mechanics through the cloud. Accessibility meets quantum its a match made in qubit heaven.

Imagine a world where classical machine learning meets its quantum counterpart. Well, that world is knocking on our digital doorstep. In 2024, quantum machine learning is set to steal the limelight, promising unparalleled speed-ups in processing complex datasets. From optimization problems to AI enhancements, quantum machine learning is the backstage pass to the next generation of computational marvels.

As quantum computers gain more horsepower, they also pose a threat to traditional cryptographic

Read this article:
Quantum Leaps Ahead: Anticipating the Hottest Trends in Quantum Computing for 2024 - Medium

In the race between man and machine, quantum computing takes a huge leap forward

On September 15th, 2021, the realm of technological innovation took a seismic leap forward as numerous pioneers reported significant progress in the field of quantum computing. Groundbreaking strides have been achieved in this sphere, making for a significant shift in our perception and understanding of both information processing and computational power. This advancement, momentous as it is, implies that computational tasks conventionally viewed as impossible or prohibitively lengthy are now entering the realm of the tangible; additionally, these quantum entities appear to surpass traditional binary supercomputers in several areas. Now that you know the dry facts, lets dip our toes into the effervescent sea of commentary and get the real scoop on why this techno-event is sending shock waves through the silicon and opening up a new world, not of magic, but of hubba-bubba bubble quantum realities.

Jumpstart those neurons and buckle up! Were about to delve into the fantastic, befuddling, and downright science-fiction-esque world of quantum computing. If you thought your computer was a nifty piece of tech, brace yourself. Quantum computing, quite simply, is like The Matrix met Tron on steroids!

Cracking the code of quantum computing involves diving straight into the depths of the extraordinary quantum realm. In laymans terms, its computing tech thats based on the principles of quantum theory. Remember Schrdingers famed cat? That poor creature thats simultaneously alive and dead until we decide to peek. Well, imagine those cats being your computer bits, in superpositions of both 0s and 1s. Yep, welcome to the future.

Its not all came out of thin air, not by a long shot. Its because of mega brains like mathematician Peter Shor and physicist David Deutsch that we have had such elliptical notions turn foundational stones for this tech revolution.

Oh, the progress weve seen over the years! Its gone from an abstract theory, to multiple working models. And the size difference? Were talking Hulks magnificent transformation, except reverse. The bulky knock-offs have made way to streamlined, chic versions we see showcased today. Notable achievements? Oh, how about Googles landmark quantum supremacy claim?

As we stand at the precipice of quantum reality, todays applications of quantum computers can give sci-fi scenarios a run for their money. From creating rich, complex models of the real-world systems to uncrackable codes quantum computing is making waves. As for industries, were talking revolution in sectors like pharmaceutics, weather prediction, finance, and more. If youre skeptical, remember: Its all in the Matrix!

Of course, every venture has its share of thorny patches. As I always say Hold on to your hats, its not all quantum rainbows and tech butterflies. Admittedly, quantum computing is not immune to challenges and there are controversies surrounding error rates and operational difficulties. But hey, no pain no gain, right?

Peering into the quantum future might just feel like staring into a time vortex. Are we moving towards a quantum invasion? Maybe, maybe not. But aptly summed up by a famous scientist, Prediction is very difficult, especially if its about the future. Aint that the truth!

So, from our existential cat friend Schrodingers controversial pet to Quantum Avengers, the quantum leap is indeed real. The question is, what part will you play in this quantum saga? Think it over while I sign off with, May the qubits be ever in your favour! Now, keep calm and compute quantumly!

So, youve reached the end of this riveting quantum computing journey and youre thirsty for more? Dont fret, weve got you covered, faster than you can say Schrdingers Cat! Here are some additional resources to keep you quantum-leaping forward in your understanding of this mind-boggling field:

1. Quantum Computing for the very curious

https://www.quantum.country/qcvc

A super engaging, interactive introduction to quantum computing. Great for beginners, but fascinating for experts too!

2. The Nature of Quantum Computing

https://www.nature.com/subjects/quantum-computing

An in-depth resource for those eager to dive into the rabbit hole of research articles and scientific papers.

3. 10 Things To Know About Quantum Computing

https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/09/06/10-things-to-know-about-quantum-computing/

Just like it sounds, this Forbes article provides a quick rundown of 10 key facts. Who doesnt love a good ol listicle?

4. Quantum Computing Explained

https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/quantum-computing

IBMs page offers an easy to grasp breakdown of quantum computing. Dont get me wrong, this still isnt kindergarten stuff!

Scour through these resources, and youll be talking qubits, superpositions, and quantum entanglement like a bonafide quantum physicist (or at least like you belong in a Star Trek episode). Remember, in the words of Douglas Adams, I may not have gone where I intended to go, but I think I have ended up where I needed to be. Good luck on your quantum quest!

And now, dear esteemed cybernauts, for the part youve all been steadfastly scrolling for the flamboyant flourish finale, the cherry on the cake of tech wisdom, the disclaimer! Brace yourselves for a twist so outrageous, you might mistake it for a trendsetting sci-fi movie plot.

Prepare to be as stunned as if youve accidentally mixed up your VR goggles with your 3D movie glasses: portions of this tasty tech-blog morsel were tastefully composed with the help of Artificial Intelligence. Yes, you heard that right the same kind of tech thats so hot right now, it makes quantum physics seem like a rubber duck in a science sink!

Why, you ask? Well, because AI is cooler than a polar bears toenails and its very much here to stay. Besides, lets face it, these machine learning maestros are way better at writing than us, humble humans, who still rely on pulsating grey blobs ensconced within our craniums to cobble together clunky sentences.

So there you have it, my dear digital denizens, our blogs virtual secret sauce. Remember, Resistance is futile. (Anyone else catch that cheeky Star Trek reference?). But dont worry, a robot rebellion isnt on the cards just yet. Only high-class tech content and the odd laugh here and there!

Remember: Todays science fiction is tomorrows science fact. Long live AI the guardian angel of this blog post and, soon enough, a whole lot more!

Read more:
Quantum computing gets real. In the race between man and machine | by Feed Forward | Dec, 2023 - Medium

TOKYO and OSAKA, Japan, Dec. 20, 2023 A consortium of joint research partners including the Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology at Osaka University, RIKEN, the Advanced Semiconductor Research Center at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), the Superconducting ICT Laboratory at the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Amazon Web Services, e-trees.Japan, Inc., Fujitsu Limited, NTT Corporation (NTT), QuEL, Inc., QunaSys Inc., and Systems Engineering Consultants Co.,LTD. (SEC) today announced the successful development of Japans third superconducting quantum computer installed at Osaka University.

Starting December 22, 2023, the partners will provide users in Japan access to the newly developed computer via the cloud, enabling researchers to execute quantum algorithms, improve and verify the operation of software, and explore use cases remotely.

The newly developed superconducting quantum computer uses a 64 qubit chip provided by RIKEN, which leverages the same design as the chip in RIKENs first superconducting quantum computer, which was unveiled to users in Japan as a cloud service for non-commercial use on March 27, 2023.

For the new quantum computer, the research team sourced more domestically manufactured components (excluding the refrigerator). The research team confirmed that the new quantum computer, including its components, provides sufficient performance and will utilize the computer as a test bed for components made in Japan.

Moving forward, the research group will operate the new computer while improving its software and other systems for usage including the processing of heavy workloads on the cloud. The research team anticipates that the computer will drive further progress in the fields of machine learning and the development of practical quantum algorithms, enable the exploration of new use cases in material development and drug discovery, and contribute to the solution of optimization problems to mitigate environmental impact.

The joint research group is comprised of: Dr. Masahiro Kitagawa, (Professor, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Director of the Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology at Osaka University), Dr. Makoto Negoro (Associate Professor, Vice Director of the Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology at Osaka University), Dr. Yasunobu Nakamura (Director of the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC)), Dr. Katsuya Kikuchi (Group Leader of the 3D Integration System Group of the Device Technology Research Institute at AIST), Dr. Hirotaka Terai (Executive Researcher at the Superconductive ICT Device Laboratory at the Kobe Frontier Research Center of the Advanced ICT Research Institute of NICT), Dr. Yoshitaka Haribara (Senior Startup Machine Learning and Quantum Solutions Architect, Amazon Web Services), Dr. Takefumi Miyoshi(Director of e-trees.Japan, Inc., Specially Appointed Associate Professor, Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology at Osaka University, CTO of QuEL, Inc.), Dr. Shintaro Sato (Head of Quantum Laboratory, Fujitsu Research, Fujitsu Limited), Dr. Yuuki Tokunaga (Distinguished Researcher at NTT Computer & Data Science Laboratories), Yosuke Ito (CEO of QuEL, Inc.), Keita Kanno (CTO of QunaSys Inc.), and Ryo Uchida (Chief Technologist of Systems Engineering Consultants Co.,LTD. (SEC)).

About Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology at Osaka University

Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology consists of six research groups: Quantum Computing, Quantum Information Fusion, Quantum Information Devices, Quantum Communications and Security, Quantum Measurement and Sensing, and Quantum Biology, promoting researches in each field and transdisciplinary research among these fields as well as other academic fields. The center, as an international research hub for quantum innovations, promotes international academic exchanges and takes a key role in human resources development to social implementation. For more information, visit https://qiqb.osaka-u.ac.jp/en.

About Fujitsu

Fujitsus purpose is to make the world more sustainable by building trust in society through innovation. As the digital transformation partner of choice for customers in over 100 countries, our 124,000 employees work to resolve some of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Our range of services and solutions draw on five key technologies: Computing, Networks, AI, Data & Security, and Converging Technologies, which we bring together to deliver sustainability transformation. Fujitsu Limited (TSE:6702) reported consolidated revenues of 3.7 trillion yen (US$28 billion) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 and remains the top digital services company in Japan by market share. Find out more: http://www.fujitsu.com.

Source: Fujitsu

Continued here:
Fujitsu and Consortium Develop Advanced 64-Qubit Quantum Computer at Osaka University - HPCwire

3 min read

In the ever-evolving landscape of technology, anticipating the next revolution is both a challenge and an exciting prospect. As we navigate the currents of innovation, identifying emerging trends provides valuable insights into the transformative technologies that will shape our future. This article explores the trends and insights that herald the arrival of the next technological revolution.

Problem:

The pace of technological change can be overwhelming, and industries must adapt to stay relevant. Disruptions caused by unforeseen technological shifts can catch businesses off guard, leading to obsolescence. The challenge lies in deciphering the signals of change and understanding how these trends will impact various sectors.

Solution:

AI and ML continue to dominate the technological landscape, promising transformative changes across industries. From autonomous vehicles to personalized healthcare, the integration of AI is reshaping how we live and work. Insights derived from massive datasets enable more informed decision-making and open new frontiers for innovation.

The rollout of 5G technology represents a quantum leap in connectivity. With faster speeds and lower latency, 5G is set to revolutionize communication, enabling the Internet of Things (IoT), augmented reality, and immersive experiences. Industries, from healthcare to manufacturing, will benefit from the unprecedented connectivity that 5G brings.

Quantum computing is on the cusp of a breakthrough that will redefine computational power. With the ability to process complex calculations at speeds unimaginable with classical computers, quantum computing holds promise for solving previously unsolvable problems in fields like cryptography, drug discovery, and optimization.

More here:
Anticipating the Next Technological Revolution: Trends and Insights - Medium

From groundbreaking breakthroughs in AI and quantum computing to the continued evolution of augmented and virtual reality, 2023 has witnessed a surge of innovation that is poised to revolutionise our world.

AI continues to evolve at an astonishing pace, with advancements in natural language processing (NLP) enabling more natural and intuitive human-computer interactions. Computer vision, another key AI domain, has made strides in image and video analysis, leading to improved object detection, facial recognition, and medical imaging capabilities. AI is also making significant contributions in drug discovery, medical diagnosis, and self-driving car development, further demonstrating its transformative potential.

The immersive worlds of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) have taken significant steps forward, blurring the lines between the physical and digital realms. AR applications are becoming increasingly prevalent in gaming, education, and training, enhancing real-world experiences with digital overlays. VR, meanwhile, is gaining momentum in entertainment, healthcare, and remote collaboration, offering users immersive and interactive experiences.

Quantum computing, still in its early stages, holds immense promise for solving problems that are intractable for classical computers. Researchers are making progress in building and optimizing quantum computers, paving the way for breakthroughs in fields like materials science, drug discovery and AI.

All of these topics and more have featured in our magazine over the past 12 months, and the trends we have witnessed are likely to accelerate in the years to come. As 2023 comes to a close, join us for a review of Technology Magazine's covers from 2023.

Here is the original post:
Year of covers: Tech and sport, quantum advances and Gen AI - Technology Magazine

In 2023, artificial intelligence dominated popular culture showing up in everything from internet memes to Senate hearings. Large language models such as those behind ChatGPT fueled a lot of this excitement, even as researchers still struggled to pry open the black box that describes their inner workings. Image generation systems also routinely impressed and unsettled us with their artistic abilities, yet these were explicitly founded on concepts borrowed from physics.

The year brought many other advances in computer science. Researchers made subtle but important progress on one of the oldest problems in the field, a question about the nature of hard problems referred to as P versus NP. In August, my colleague Ben Brubaker explored this seminal problem and the attempts of computational complexity theorists to answer the question: Why is it hard (in a precise, quantitative sense) to understand what makes hard problems hard? It hasnt been an easy journey the path is littered with false turns and roadblocks, and it loops back on itself again and again, Brubaker wrote. Yet for meta-complexity researchers, that journey into an uncharted landscape is its own reward.

The year was also full of more discrete but still important pieces of individual progress. Shors algorithm, the long-promised killer app of quantum computing, got its first significant upgrade after nearly 30 years. Researchers finally learned how to find the shortest route through a general type of network nearly as fast as theoretically possible. And cryptographers, forging an unexpected connection to AI, showed how machine learning models and machine-generated content must also contend with hidden vulnerabilities and messages.

Some problems, it seems, are still beyond our ability to solve for now.

Read this article:
The Biggest Discoveries in Computer Science in 2023 - Quanta Magazine

-

In a world increasingly dependent on digital communication and data exchange, the need for robust cybersecurity measures has never been more critical. Traditional encryption methods, while effective, face growing challenges from the rapid advancements in quantum computing. Enter quantum encryption, a cutting-edge technology poised to revolutionize cybersecurity as we know it.

Quantum encryption leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to secure communication channels against potential threats posed by quantum computers. Unlike classical encryption methods that rely on complex mathematical algorithms, quantum encryption uses the unique properties of quantum particles to ensure unparalleled security.

1. **Quantum Key Distribution (QKD):**

At the heart of quantum encryption is Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), a game-changing technique that enables the secure exchange of cryptographic keys between parties. Unlike classical key distribution methods, QKD employs the quantum properties of particles such as photons to detect any unauthorized interception instantly.

2. **Unbreakable Security:**

One of the most significant advantages of quantum encryption is its resistance to brute-force attacks, a vulnerability that classical encryption methods currently face. Quantum encryption promises unbreakable security by exploiting the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, making it practically impossible for hackers to decipher encoded information.

As the cyber threat landscape continues to evolve, the integration of quantum encryption brings about several positive impacts on cybersecurity:

1. **Future-Proofing Against Quantum Computing Threats:**

Quantum computers, with their immense processing power, pose a potential threat to traditional encryption algorithms. Quantum encryption, however, is designed to withstand the computational capabilities of quantum computers, future-proofing sensitive data against emerging threats.

2. **Enhanced Data Integrity:**

Quantum encryption not only secures data transmission but also ensures data integrity. The quantum properties of particles used in encryption make it possible to detect any attempts at tampering with the transmitted information, providing an additional layer of protection.

3. **Global Secure Communication Networks:**

The implementation of quantum encryption paves the way for the establishment of global secure communication networks. Governments, enterprises, and individuals can exchange information with unprecedented confidence, knowing that their data is shielded by the impenetrable cloak of quantum security.

As we stand on the brink of the quantum era, the integration of quantum encryption marks a pivotal moment in the evolution of cybersecurity. The unbreakable security offered by quantum encryption, coupled with its ability to future-proof against quantum computing threats, positions it as the guardian of our digital future. Embracing this revolutionary technology will undoubtedly reshape the landscape of cybersecurity, ensuring a more secure and resilient digital world for generations to come.

#SEO-Optimized Keywords: Quantum encryption, Quantum key distribution, Cybersecurity in the quantum age, Unbreakable security, Quantum computing threats, Data integrity in quantum encryption, Global secure communication networks, Future-proofing data with quantum encryption

Continue reading here:
Quantum Encryption: Revolutionizing Cybersecurity in the Quantum Age | by Ashish Wilson | Dec, 2023 - Medium

Luton, Dec. 20, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Quantum AI is set to bring the power of quantum computing to the public and has already reached a stunning quantum volume (QV) score of 14,082 in a year since its inception.

Quantum AI Ltd. was conceived by Finlay and Qaiser Sajjad during their time as students at MIT. They were inspired by the exclusive use of new-age technology by the elites on Wall Street. Recognising the transformative power of this technology, they were determined to make its potential accessible to all. Thus, the platform was born, and it has evolved and flourished in just a short time.

Quantum AI

Often, everyday traders have limited access to such advanced tools.

We are fueled by the belief that the power of quantum computing should not be confined to the financial giants but should be available to empower amateur traders as well, asserted the founders of the platform. Since its launch in 2022, they have worked to achieve this vision and have become a significant force in the industry.

The platform combines the power of the technology with the strength of artificial intelligence. By using these latest technologies, including machine learning, algorithms that are more than just lines of code have been created. They harness the potential of quantum mechanics and deep learning to analyse live data in unique ways.

Our quantum system leverages quantum superposition and coherence, providing a quantum advantage through sophisticated simulation and annealing techniques, added the founders.

Quantum AI has shown exceptional results in a brief period. It has received overwhelmingly positive reviews from customers, highlighting the enhanced speed and accuracy of trading. The transformative and groundbreaking impact the platform has had on trading is evident in its growth to 330,000 active members. Notably, it has nearly 898 million lines of code and an impressive quantum value score of 14,082. The performance on this benchmark that IBM established is a massive testament to the impact quantum AI has had in a short span of time.

According to the founders, they have bigger plans on the horizon to take the power of the technology to the public. Quantum AI is growing its team of experts and expanding its operations in Australia and Canada. Its goal of democratising the power of technology is well on its way to being realised. With trading being the first thing they cracked to pay the bills the main focus has turned to aviation, haulage and even e-commerce. The power of

To learn more about the platform and understand the transformative power of the technology for traders, one can visit https://quantumai.co/.

About Quantum AI

With the aim of democratising the power and potential of quantum computing, the company was founded by Finlay and Qaiser Sajjad during their time at MIT. Since its establishment, it has grown to over 330,000 active members and 18 full-time employees, alongside winning the trust of its customers.

###

Media Contact

Quantum AI PR Manager: Nadia El-Masri Email: nadia.el.masri@quantumai.co Address: Quantum AI Ltd, 35 John Street, Luton, United Kingdom, LU1 2JE Phone: +442035970878 URL: https://quantumai.co/

Continue reading here:
Quantum AI Brings the Power of Quantum Computing to the Public - GlobeNewswire

Hi, welcome to the AiThority Interview Series. Please tell us a bit about yourself and what is D-Wave.

I am Dr. Alan Baratz, President and CEO of D-Wave (NYSE: QBTS).

D-Wave is a leader in quantum computing technology and the worlds first commercial supplier of quantum computers. Our technology has been used by some of the worlds most advanced organizations, including Volkswagen, Mastercard, Deloitte, Siemens Healthineers, Pattison Food Group Ltd, DENSO, Lockheed Martin, the University of Southern California, and Los Alamos National Laboratory.

The global quantum computing market is rapidly growing and some market analysts project it will reach upwards of 6 billion + by the end of this decade. As 2023 closes, it would be interesting to see how quantum computing influences 2024. The future of quantum computing would largely relate to a rapid government adoption, the future of work, and quantum supremacy.

With economists projecting a shallow recession in 2024, organizations will seek new technologies, such as quantum computing, to navigate adversity and bolster business resilience. Quantum technologies can accelerate problem-solving and decision-making for a wide range of common organizational processes, such as supply chain management, manufacturing efficiency, logistical planning, and employee scheduling. Amidst a challenging economic environment, quantums ability to fuel operational efficiencies is critical.

The industry will achieve a proven, defensible quantum supremacy result in 2024. Ongoing scientific and technical advancements indicate that we are far from achieving quantum supremacy. 2024 will be the year where quantum definitively outperforms classical, full stop. There will be clear evidence of quantums ability to solve a complex computational problem previously unsolvable by classical computing, and quantum will solve it faster, better, and with less power consumption.

The breakthrough weve all been pursuing is coming.

The US governments usage of annealing quantum computing will explode given the anticipated passing of legislation including the National Quantum Initiative and the National Defense Authorization Act. 2024 will see a rapid uptick in the quantum sandbox and test bed programs with directives to use all types of quantum technology, including annealing, hybrid, and gate models. These programs will focus on near-term application development to solve real-world public sector problems, from public vehicle routing to electric grid resilience.

The global quantum race will continue to heat up, as the U.S. and its allies aggressively push for near-term application development. While the U.S. is now starting to accelerate near-term applications, other governments like Australia, Japan, the U.K., and the E.U. have been making expedited moves to bring quantum in to solve public sector challenges. This effort will greatly expand in 2024.

Top public sector areas of focus will likely be sustainability, transportation and logistics, supply chain, and health care.

Quantum computing will show proven value and utility in daily business operations through in-production applications.

As we close 2023, companies are beginning to go into production with quantum-hybrid applications, so its no stretch of the imagination to see corporations using quantum solutions daily for ubiquitous business challenges such as employee scheduling, vehicle routing, and supply chain optimization. In time, it will become a part of every modern IT infrastructure, starting with the integration of annealing quantum computing.

Originally posted here:
AiThority Interview with Dr. Alan Baratz, CEO at D-Wave - AiThority

The IBM Quantum System Two with IBM Quantum Heron processors is designed to push quantum-centric supercomputing forward.

A new quantum processor, a modular quantum computer and more were unveiled at the IBM Quantum Summit, held in New York on Dec. 4. This hardware is part of IBMs effort toward large-scale quantum computing for scientific research.

In addition, IBM announced Qiskit 1.0, which is the stable release of the open source programming software development kit for quantum circuits.

While quantum computing is often experimental and used in academic settings, it can be used in the enterprise when organizations need to solve mathematical problems too complex for classical computing, such as creating new chemical combinations in materials engineering or pharmaceuticals. Quantum key distribution and quantum cryptography can be used in cybersecurity.

Jump to:

IBM Quantum Heron (Figure A) is a 133-qubit quantum processor available today via the cloud. It is the successor to IBM Quantum Eagle, which came out in 2021 and established 3D packaging techniques that laid the groundwork for the companys subsequent quantum processors.

Figure A

Fundamentally, Heron looks a lot like Eagle its the same type of qubits, the same fabrication and the same packaging technology; so most of Eagle has carried straight across; its really some details of the on-chip circuitry and our controls that have changed, said Oliver Dial, CTO at IBM Quantum, in an email to TechRepublic. One of the key breakthroughs from Eagle was the development of multi-level wiring, with the qubits sitting on a single plane, to provide flexibility for signal routing and device layout.

IBM Quantum Heron includes advances in qubit fabrication and laminate size and a five-fold improvement in error reduction compared to IBM Quantum Eagle.

We are firmly within the era in which quantum computers are being used as a tool to explore new frontiers of science, said IBM SVP and Director of Research Dario Gil in a press release.

Specifically, IBM quantum processors are being used in scientific settings to simulate chemistry, physics and materials problems. The long-term goal is to expand these experiments to what IBM calls utility scale in essence, to solve practical, widespread problems.

In this context, utility-scale means a processor with 100+ qubits, which allows the user to run calculations that are too big to be simulated on a classical computer, Dial said. Its the combination of this scale and error-mitigation techniques that will allow users to derive real value from a quantum computer hence utility. Now that weve achieved utility-scale, were seeing people using quantum computing as a scientific tool.

I like to say users are using quantum computing to do quantum computing, Gambetta wrote in a blog post on Dec. 4.

WATCH: Explore quantum computing myths and realities in this TechRepublic video

These institutions work with IBM to demonstrate research exploring large-scale quantum computing:

IBM Quantum System Two (Figure B) is the system behind IBMs current quantum computing system architecture. IBM Quantum System Two combines classical and quantum computing, with a middleware layer in between to integrate the two. Scalable cryogenic infrastructure works alongside classical runtime servers with modular qubit control electronics.

IBM Quantum System Two is remarkable because its the first modular quantum computer built for utility-scale problems, IBM said. IBM expects it to be upgradeable over time, with the goal of running 1 billion operations in a single quantum circuit by 2033. Thats an extraordinary amount of supercomputing resources for a wide variety of scientific and upcoming business operations.

Figure B

Currently, IBM Quantum System Two runs three IBM Quantum Heron processors. It began operating recently at an IBM facility in Yorktown Heights, NY.

Qiskit 1.0, the stable release of IBMs quantum computing software development kit, will be available in February 2024. (IBM first made Qiskit available in 2017.) Qiskit 1.0 is built around the idea of Patterns, IBMs programming template for making quantum computing more accessible by translating classical inputs to quantum problems. Patterns are meant to be run on IBMs Quantum Serverless computing infrastructure.

Generative AI for quantum code programming in Qiskit will be available through IBMs enterprise AI platform watsonx. IBM revealed Qiskit Code Assistant, a generative AI assistant bot made to help users navigate Qiskit and IBM Quantum Platform. Qiskit Code Assistant is coming in alpha in early 2024 for premium subscribers of the IBM Quantum Platform.

Generative AI and quantum computing are both reaching an inflection point, presenting us with the opportunity to use the trusted foundation model framework of watsonx to simplify how quantum algorithms can be built for utility-scale exploration, said Jay Gambetta, vice president and IBM fellow at IBM, in a press release.

Plus, IBM announced:

IBM unveiled an expanded roadmap that will shape its work on developing quantum computing. IBM Quantum System Two is part of the plan as the home of IBMs upcoming quantum processors.

According to the roadmap, 2023 was the year of IBM adding generative AI and speeding up quantum processing by five times with quantum serverless and Execution modes. IBM plans to focus 2024 on improving quantum circuit quality and speed to allow 5,000 quantum logic gates with parametric circuits. (A quantum logic gate is a building block of quantum computing, operating on qubits instead of conventional bits.) IBM Quantum Heron and resource management are on the schedule for 2024.

Originally posted here:
IBM's Quantum Processor and Modular Computer Are Now in Operation - TechRepublic

Lately I am reading about everything Quantum. I am using Obsidian.md to keep track of all knowledge gathered even from books. I havent set a time goal, am just reading and learning at my pace. So the following article is some preliminary thoughts on the matter of Quantum Computing.

Quantum computing is a revolutionary technology that has the potential to change the way we live and work. In this article, we will explore how quantum computing could impact various aspects of our everyday lives and the challenges it presents.

Quantum computing could lead to smarter phones, computers, and other devices that are significantly faster and more efficient than current models. This technology could enable better performance and data processing, improving our overall user experience.

Quantum computing could revolutionize healthcare by enabling faster drug discovery, disease diagnosis, and personalized treatment plans. It could also help in understanding complex biological systems and developing new therapies for various diseases.

Quantum computing could help in predicting weather patterns and climate changes, enabling us to reduce the risk of natural disasters and plan for sustainable development.

This technology could lead to more accurate and reliable weather forecasts, ultimately improving our ability to prepare for and adapt to climate change.

As classical encryption schemes could be broken by quantum computers, the development of quantum-safe cryptographic methods is essential for maintaining the security of our digital communications. This technology could help protect sensitive data and ensure the privacy of our digital transactions.

Quantum computing could enable the discovery of new materials with unique properties, leading to advancements in various industries, such as aerospace, electronics, and healthcare. This technology could help scientists simulate and analyze the behavior of complex molecules and materials at the quantum level, ultimately enabling the discovery of new materials with novel properties.

While quantum computing holds great promise, it also presents challenges and potential risks. As the technology continues to evolve, it is essential to stay informed about its progress and implications for our lives and society.In conclusion, quantum computing is a promising technology with the potential to change various aspects of our everyday lives. As research and development continue, we can expect to see more exciting advancements and applications in the near future.

By staying informed and engaged with the latest quantum computing developments, we can better understand and harness the power of this revolutionary technology.

References:

Follow this link:
Quantum Computing in Everyday Life: The Future is Here - Medium

IBM has bolstered its supercomputing capabilities with the latest iteration of the companys quantum computer, Quantum System Two. Its the companys first modular quantum computer, and represents the cornerstone of IBMs quantum-centric supercomputing architecture.

The first IBM Quantum System Two, located in Yorktown Heights, New York, has begun operations with three IBM Heron processors and supporting control electronics.

We are firmly within the era in which quantum computers are being used as a tool to explore new frontiers of science, said Dario Gil, IBM senior vice-president and director of research. As we continue to advance how quantum systems can scale and deliver value through modular architectures, we will further increase the quality of a utility-scale quantum technology stack and put it into the hands of our users and partners, who will push the boundaries of more complex problems.

Following the companys quantum computing roadmap, IBM also unveiled Condor, a 1,121 superconducting qubit quantum processor based on what IBM calls cross-resonance gate technology.

According to IBM, Condor offers a 50% increase in qubit density and advances in qubit fabrication and laminate size, as well as over a mile of high-density cryogenic flex input/output wiring within a single dilution refrigerator. The new design is said to solve scale, and will be used to inform IBM on future hardware design.

Along with the new hardware, IBM unveiled an extension of its IBM Quantum Development Roadmap to 2033, where it plans to significantly advance the quality of gate operations. If it achieves its roadmap objectives, IBM said it will be able to increase the size of quantum circuits that can be run, which paves the way to realising the full potential of quantum computing at scale.

In a blog post giving an update on IBMs quantum computing plans, Jay Gambetta, vice-president of IBM Quantum, discussed experiments that demonstrate how quantum computers could run circuits beyond the reach of brute-force classical simulations. Quantum is now a computational tool, and what makes me most excited is that we can start to advance science in fields beyond quantum computing itself, he said.

But in the computational architecture Gambetta described, quantum technology will not run standalone. From these large-scale experiments, it has become clear that we must go beyond the traditional circuit model and take advantage of parallelism, concurrent classical computing and dynamic circuits, he said.

We have ample evidence that, with tools such as circuit knitting, we can enhance the reach of quantum computation, and new quantum algorithms are emerging that make use of multiple quantum circuits, potentially in parallel and with concurrent classical operations, said Gambetta. Its clear that a heterogeneous computing architecture consisting of scalable and parallel circuit execution and advanced classical computation is required.

This, he said, is IBMs vision for future high-performance systems, which he described as quantum-centric supercomputing.

Read the original post:
Quantum supercomputing: IBM plots roadmap beyond Condor - ComputerWeekly.com

Are you ready to bring more awareness to your brand? Consider becoming a sponsor for The AI Impact Tour. Learn more about the opportunities here.

Quantum computing is taking another quantum leap forward today with new processor, system and software updates announced at the IBM Quantum 2023 Summit.

The star of the announcements is the IBM Quantum Heron processor, seen below in an image provided to VentureBeat by IBM.

With 133 qubits, IBM claims that Heron is its highest-performing quantum processor to date, offering significant improvements in qubit quality and error rates compared to previous IBM quantum chips. Previously the IBM Quantum Eagle was the most powerful active system with a demonstrated power of 127 qubits. The qubit is a defining metric of quantum computing and a bigger number translates to more performance.

Going a step further, IBM announced that it is now developing an even more powerful chip known as Condor that will have 1,121 superconducting qubits on a single chip

The AI Impact Tour

Connect with the enterprise AI community at VentureBeats AI Impact Tour coming to a city near you!

Along with the Quantum Heron, IBM announced that its Quantum System Two architecture, which is powered by three IBM Quantum Heron processors has begun operations. The first IBM Quantum System Two machine is installed at IBMs quantum computing hub in Yorktown Heights, New York.

To help researchers and enterprises alike benefit from the power of Quantum systems, IBM also detailed innovations to its Qiskit quantum programming software that will benefit from the power of generative AI.

The full power of using quantum computing will be powered by generative AI to simplify the developer experience, Jay Gambetta, VP at IBM Quantum explained during a briefing with press and analysts.

Programming a quantum system requires different software than a classical computing system. Thats where the IBM Qiskit programming framework comes into play.

At the IBM Quantum Summit 2023, the company detailed features in Qiskit 1.0, which is set to become available in early 2024. Gambetta explained during the briefing that part of the 1.0 release is the concept of Qiskit patterns. He noted that its not practical for developers to have quantum circuit knowledge to be able to do work.

Weve come up with a simple strategy or framework to develop an algorithm, it consists of a way of mapping a problem to quantum circuits and operators, Gambetta said.

Qiskit patterns will also optimize the problems for quantum execution and run them on a system like the IBM Quantum System Two, providing processing results with a simple output. To simplify the process even further, IBM will also be taking generative AI tools from the companys Watsonx portfolio to enable simple language commands to generate a quantum circuit. Watsonx provides a foundation and large language models (LLM) to help solve different use cases, including application development. IBM is already using Watsonx to help modernize the COBOL programming language on mainframes for the modern era.

In response to a question from VentureBeat, Gambetta explained that IBM is using the same Watsonx granite foundation models it has been building out this year for other use cases, for the Qiskit quantum use case.

This is one of the exciting things about what the team has done with Watsonx, its actually the same model, now you can fine-tune it based on Qiskit, Gambetta said.

AI is also being used by IBM to improve the optimization of quantum circuits. Gambetta added that moving forward he expects to see AI coming to quantum to improve how quantum works.

Quantum computing is often thought of as being just about very advanced research use cases. According to Gambetta, quantum computing also has a place in enterprises as well.

We already have many enterprises working with us today, he said. In my opinion, were in the most exciting time of technology where research and commercialization is closer than ever.

Gambetta said that today IBM has more than 160 client industry clients that have been either working with IBM or its partnerson enterprise experiments. While there is lots of activity, its still very much a work in progress.

Im not gonna sit here and say they got a return on investment yet, but theyre actually starting to transition from just being quantum ready, to actually doing use case prototypes, Gambetta said.

He noted that one of the demonstrations that is being shown at the IBM Quantum Summit this year is Hyundai running a very large optimization problem. The challenge that IBM is working on is discovering the algorithms that are needed to advance different use cases as well as improving the performance of quantum hardware and software.

Were committed to making these discoveries possible, but like it takes work, Gambetta said.

VentureBeat's mission is to be a digital town square for technical decision-makers to gain knowledge about transformative enterprise technology and transact. Discover our Briefings.

See the original post:
IBM advances Quantum Computing ambitions with generative AI power for software development - VentureBeat

Exploring the convergence of quantum computing, DNA data storage, and AI how these technologies could revolutionize computing power, memory, and information handling if challenges around implementation and ethics are overcome.

Check out these two books for a deeper dive and to stay ahead of the curve.

Computing technology has advanced in leaps and bounds since the early days of Charles Babbages Analytical Engine in the 1800s. The creation of the first programmable computer in the 1940s ushered in a digital revolution that has profoundly impacted communication, commerce, and scientific research. But the binary logic that underlies modern computing is nearing its limits. Exploring new frontiers in processing power, data storage, and information handling will enable us to tackle increasingly complex challenges.

The basic unit of binary computing is the bit either a 0 or 1. These bits can be manipulated using simple logic gates like AND, OR, and NOT. Combined together, these gates can perform any logical or mathematical operation. This binary code underpins everything from representing the notes in a musical composition to the pixels in a digital photograph. However, maintaining and expanding todays vast computational infrastructure requires massive amounts of energy and resources. And binary systems struggle to efficiently solve exponentially complex problems like modeling protein folding.

In the quest to surpass the boundaries of binary computing, quantum computing emerges as a groundbreaking solution. It leverages the enigmatic and powerful principles of quantum mechanics, fundamentally different from the classical world we experience daily.

Quantum Mechanics: The Core of Quantum Computing

Quantum computing is rooted in quantum mechanics, the physics of the very small. At this scale, particles like electrons and photons behave in ways that can seem almost magical. Two key properties leveraged in quantum computing are superposition and entanglement.

Superposition allows a quantum bit, or qubit, to exist in multiple states (0 and 1) simultaneously, unlike a binary bit which is either 0 or 1. This means a quantum computer can process a vast array of possibilities at once.

Entanglement is a phenomenon where qubits become interlinked in such a way that the state of one (whether its a 0, a 1, or both) can depend on the state of another, regardless of the distance between them. This allows for incredibly fast information processing and transfer.

Exponential Growth in Processing Power

A quantum computer with multiple qubits can perform many calculations at once. For example, 50 qubits can simultaneously exist in over a quadrillion possible states. This exponential growth in processing power could tackle problems that are currently unsolvable by conventional computers, such as simulating large molecules for drug discovery or optimizing complex systems like large-scale logistics.

Revolutionizing Fields: Cryptography and Beyond

Quantum computing holds the potential to revolutionize numerous fields. In cryptography, it could render current encryption methods obsolete, as algorithms like Shors could theoretically break them in mere seconds. This presents both a risk and an opportunity, prompting a new era of quantum-safe cryptography.

Beyond cryptography, quantum computing could advance materials science by accurately simulating molecular structures, aid in climate modeling by analyzing vast environmental data sets, and revolutionize financial modeling through complex optimization.

Key Quantum Algorithms

Research in quantum computing has already produced notable algorithms. Shors algorithm, for instance, can factor large numbers incredibly fast, a task thats time-consuming for classical computers. Grovers algorithm, on the other hand, can rapidly search unsorted databases, demonstrating a quadratic speedup over traditional methods.

The Road Ahead: Challenges and Promises

Despite its potential, quantum computing is still in its infancy. One of the major challenges is maintaining the stability of qubits. Known as quantum decoherence, this instability currently limits the practical use of quantum computers. Keeping qubits stable requires extremely low temperatures and isolated environments.

Additionally, error rates in quantum computations are higher than in classical computations. Quantum error correction, a field of study in its own right, is crucial for reliable quantum computing.

Quantum computing, though still in the developmental stage, stands at the forefront of a computational revolution. It promises to solve complex problems far beyond the reach of traditional computers, potentially reshaping entire industries and aspects of our daily lives. As research and technology advance, we may soon witness the unlocking of quantum computings full potential, heralding a new era of innovation and discovery.

DNA data storage emerges as a paradigm shift, harnessing the building blocks of life to revolutionize how we store information.

Unprecedented Storage Capabilities

DNAs storage density is unparalleled: one gram can store up to 215 petabytes of data. In contrast, traditional flash memory can hold only about 128 gigabytes per gram. This immense capacity could fundamentally change how we manage the worlds exponentially growing data.

Longevity and Reliability

DNA is not only dense but also incredibly durable. It can last thousands of years, far outstripping the lifespan of magnetic tapes and hard drives. Its natural error correction mechanisms, rooted in the double helix structure, ensure data integrity over millennia.

DNA for Computation and Beyond

Beyond storage, DNA holds potential for computation. Researchers are exploring DNA computing, where biological processes manipulate DNA strands to perform calculations. This could lead to breakthroughs in solving complex problems that are infeasible for conventional computers.

Challenges in Practical Implementation

Despite its promise, DNA data storage is not without challenges. Synthesizing and sequencing DNA is currently expensive and time-consuming. Researchers are working on methods to streamline these processes and reduce error rates, which are crucial for making DNA a practical medium for everyday data storage.

While quantum computing offers exponential speedups on specialized problems, its broader applicability and scalability remain uncertain. And both quantum and DNA computing currently require extremely low operating temperatures only possible with expensive equipment. They also consume large amounts of energy, though less than traditional data centers. However, both offer inherent data security advantages. Quantum computations cannot be copied, while DNA data storage is dense and hard to access. We may see hybrid deployments that apply these technologies to niche applications. For generalized workloads, traditional binary computing will likely dominate for the foreseeable future.

The integration of AI with quantum computing and DNA data storage represents a leap forward in computational capability.

AI and Quantum Computing: A Synergy for Complex Problems

AI algorithms can leverage the immense processing power of quantum computers to analyze large datasets more efficiently than ever before. This synergy could lead to breakthroughs in fields like drug discovery, where AI can analyze quantum-computed molecular simulations.

AI and DNA Data Storage: Managing Massive Databases

With DNAs vast storage capacity, AI becomes essential in managing and interpreting this wealth of information. AI algorithms can be designed to efficiently encode and decode DNA-stored data, making it accessible for practical use.

Ethical and Societal Implications

As highlighted in The Coming Wave by Mustafa Suleyman, the intersection of these technologies raises significant ethical questions. The use of genetic data in AI models, for instance, necessitates stringent privacy protections and considerations of genetic discrimination.

Looking Ahead: AI as the Conductor

The future sees AI not just as a tool but as a conductor, orchestrating the interplay between quantum computing and DNA data storage. This involves developing new algorithms tailored to the unique properties of quantum and DNA-based systems.

Google AI recently demonstrated a program that can autonomously detect and correct errors on a quantum processor, a major milestone. On the DNA computing front, researchers successfully stored a movie file and 100 books using DNA sequences. Ongoing studies also show promise in using DNA to manufacture nanoscale electronics for faster, denser computing. Quantum computing is enabling models of complex chemical reactions and biological processes. As costs decline, we could see exponential growth in synthesizing custom DNA and practical quantum computers.

Despite promising strides, there are still obstacles to realizing commercially viable DNA and quantum computing. Stability of quantum bits remains limited to milliseconds, far too short for practical applications. And while DNA sequencing costs have dropped, synthesis and assembly costs remain prohibitively high. There are also ethical pitfalls if without careful oversight, like insurers obtaining genetic data, or AI algorithms exhibiting biases. Job losses due to increasing automation present another societal challenge. Investments in retraining and social programs will be necessary to ensure shared prosperity.

Hybridized quantum-DNA computing could transform our relationship with information and usher in an era of highly personalized medicine and hyper-accurate simulations. It may even require overhauling information theory and rethinking how humans interact with advanced AI. But we must thoughtfully navigate disruptions to industries like finance and cryptography. Avoiding misuse will also require international cooperation to enact governance frameworks and design systems mindful of ethical dilemmas. With wise stewardship, hybrid computing could positively benefit humanity.

The convergence of quantum computing, DNA data storage, and AI represents an unprecedented phase change for processing power, memory, and information handling. To fully realize the potential, while mitigating risks, we must aggressively fund research and development at the intersection of these fields. The technical hurdles are surmountable through collaboration between the public and private sectors. But establishing governance and ethical frameworks ultimately requires a broad, multidisciplinary approach. If society rises to meet this challenge, we could enter an age of scientific wonders beyond our current imagination.

Check out these two books for a deeper dive:

Here is the original post:
Beyond Binary: The Convergence of Quantum Computing, DNA Data Storage, and AI - Medium