DHA from Algae Market report firstly introduces market properties, industry layout, obstacles in the market, as well as business stratagem and industry effectiveness. The report enfolds a significant evaluation based on regions including market forecast up to 2026. This research report aims at answering various aspects of the global DHA from Algae market with the help of the key factors driving the market. The study considers the growth-share matrix model for a comprehensive study of the global DHA from Algae market and assesses the factors governing the same.

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Leading Manufacturers covered in DHA from Algae Market report :

Keyuan Marine BiochemistryBIOCODaesangLonzaRunke BioengineeringHubei Fuxing BiotechnologyArmy International PharmaceuticalCabio BioengineeringDSMCellanaShandong Yuexiang BiotechnologyXiamen Huison BiotechFEMICOJC BiotechKingdomway

This report studies the DHA from Algae market status and Forecast of Global and major regions, from angles of players, countries, product types and end industries; this report analyzes the top players in global market, and splits the DHA from Algae market by product type and applications/end industries.

Types Of Global DHA from Algae Market:

DHA PowderDHA Oil

Applications Of Global DHA from Algae Market:

Food & BeverageNutritional SupplementsInfant Formula

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DHA from Algae Market Coverage:-

Global DHA from Algae industry report is a beneficial source of perceptive data for a business approach. The key ways additionally coated within the report that is discovered from the analysis of the recent development of the Key players together with product specification, acquisition and growth, agreement and partnership. This Research Report includes analysis of major raw materials suppliers, manufacturing equipment suppliers, major players of the DHA from Algae industry, key consumers, and trade development trends (2020-2026). DHA from Algae Market benefits and downsides of enterprise merchandise, Market size and growth, regional breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, regional industrial layout characteristics and economic science policies have additionally been encompassed in this report.

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DHA from Algae market share and market value are analyzed for each product type of this market. The pricing analysis is provided from 2015-2020. DHA from Algae consumption statistics, downstream buyers, and the growth trend for each application is analyzed from 2015 to 2020. DHA from Algae import, export scenario, SWOT analysis, and utilization ratio is presented on a global and regional scale.

DHA from Algae Market Conclusion:-

In the end, the DHA from Algae Market report includes future investment analysis and development trend analysis. The key methods conjointly coated within the report that is discovered from the analysis of the recent development of the Key players as well as product specification, acquisition and growth, agreement and partnership.

Table of Contents

Global DHA from Algae Market Research Report 2020

Chapter 1 Global DHA from Algae Market Overview

Chapter 2 Global Economic Impact on Industry

Chapter 3 Global DHA from Algae Market Competition by Manufacturers

Chapter 4 Global Production, Revenue (Value) by Region

Chapter 5 Global Supply (Production), Export, Import by Regions

Chapter 6 Global Production, Revenue (Value)

Chapter 7 Global Market Analysis by Application

Chapter 8 Manufacturing Cost Analysis

Chapter 9 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

Chapter 10 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

Chapter 11 Market Effect Factors Analysis

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DHA from Algae Market Growth Factor Analysis by Manufacturers, Trends and Challenges with Forecast to 2026 - 3rd Watch News

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Currently, Dr. Ganz, along with his collaborators at SomaLogic, is making important discoveries in the field of proteomics - using modified aptamers as binding reagents to quantify proteins in blood. He is using proteomics to construct prognostic models of disease (JAMA 2016;315:2532-2541) and to understand the biological pathways of diseases and biological mechanisms of drug therapies (Circulation. 2018;137:9991010).

He co-led a study on using proteins as a single source of health care, known as the liquid health check (Nature Medicine 2019; 25: 18511857).

Dr. Ganz received his M.D. from Harvard, completed his residency at the Massachusetts General Hospital and cardiovascular fellowship at the Brigham and Womens Hospital.

He spent 25 years directing cardiovascular research in the cardiac catheterization laboratories at the Brigham and Womens Hospital and Harvard Medical School, prior to arriving at UCSF in 2008.

He likes to spend time with his wife, three children and one grandchild. His hobbies include hiking, biking, great food and passion for classical music.

Dr. Stephen Williams has been the Chief Medical Officer at SomaLogic since 2009. Prior to SomaLogic, Dr. Williams co-founded the pharma consultancy Decisionability, LLC in 2007 and authored the book Decisionability: The Skill to Make Your Decisions Productive, Practical and Painless.

From 1989-2007, Dr. Williams worked at Pfizer, Inc., initially in the Experimental Medicine group working in Exploratory Clinical Development and later as VP and Worldwide Head of Clinical Technology.

From 2003-2007, Dr. Williams was on the National Advisory Council for Biomedical imaging and Bioengineering at the National Institutes of Health. He helped to launch the Alzheimers Disease NeuroImaging (ADNI) study and helped form the FDA-FNIH-PhRMA biomarker consortium, serving on the inaugural executive committee.

Dr. Williams co-led the PhRMA position papers on proof of concept, surrogate endpoints and evidentiary standards for biomarkers and diagnostics.

Dr. Williams has degrees in physiology, medicine and surgery, and a Ph.D. in medicine and physiology from Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School (now a part of Imperial College, London). He also obtained training in diagnostic imaging at the University of Newcastle Upon Tyne.

He likes to spend time with his family (4 children and 3 grandchildren) and his hobbies include fitness training, skiing and mountain biking.

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Peter Ganz, MD and Stephen A. Williams, MD, Ph.D, Author at - The Doctor Weighs In

The University of California San Francisco is arming 2,000 frontline healthcare workers with the Oura smart ring for potential early detection of COVID-19 symptoms.

The Finnish startup, which hasU.S. headquarters in San Francisco, issponsoring research at UCSF to study whether physiological data collected by the Oura ring, combined with responses to daily symptom surveys, can predict illness symptoms.

The study aims to build an algorithm to help UCSF identify patterns of onset, progression, and recovery, for COVID-19, the company said.

The UCSF TemPredict study will focus on front-line healthcare workers and willalsobe open to Oura users in the general population.

Consumer adoption of wearables like the Fitbit and Apple Watch has quickly grown but doctors have questioned the clinical value of the data. Apple added an electrocardiogram feature to the latest version of the Apple Watch but cardiologists have cautioned that the ECG feature is not reliable to detectatrial fibrillation (AFib).

Researchers and clinicians now see opportunities to use wearables data for disease tracking and surveillance.

RELATED:UPDATED Coronavirus tracker: Fauci chats with Steph Curry on Instagram Live; Pence: Feds working to convert devices to ventilators

The study is especially urgent as nationwide frontline healthcare workers are at risk of passing the virus while asymptomatic. Six UCSF healthcare workers are currently diagnosed with the virus, and two ER doctors remain in critical condition from COVID-19 in Washington state and New Jersey.

The smart rings can trackchanges in users' body temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Healthcare workers using the rings can use this information to betterunderstand early warning signs of infection and toseek treatment, isolate themselves or stay home from work, according to the company.

The research team has hypothesizedthat the Oura ring could anticipate COVID-19 onset by as many as two to three days before the onset of more obvious symptoms, like coughing.

The researchteam hopes to develop a COVID-19 early detection device by fall, when infectious disease experts worry coronavirus will return for a second wave, the San Francisco Chronicle reported.

It will help people self-quarantine sooner, get treatment sooner, said Dr. Ashley Mason, the UCSF assistant psychiatry professor who developed the project and is the lead investigator, according to the San Francisco Chronicle.

Its expected back in the fall and we need to have tools ready, Mason said.

Oura is conducting theresearch in partnership with the University of California healthcare providers and schools, and doctors at both UCSF and the University of California San Diego are running the study.

RELATED:How health systems will need to rethink their workforces amid COVID-19 surges

The Oura smart ring's ability to track body temperature is an important biological signal, according to Ben Smarr, Ph.D., an assistant professor of bioengineering and data science at UCSD, who will help crunch data as part of the study.

Smarr believes continuous data from wearablescan be highly valuable in tracking health and predicting illness.

"When you have time-series data, sotemperature every minute instead of once a day thatturns itfrom biomarker into a signal. We can begin toreimagine how healthcare works," he said.

He added, "This opportunity came along with UCSF tofocusthis research where we can make a difference and build some COVID detection systems."

Researchers will use this information as they attempt to identify patterns that could predict onset, progression, and recovery in future cases of COVID-19. If this approach is successful, it could open the door for research into tracking and managing other illnesses and conditions, the research team said.

Scripps Research Translational Institute has launched an app-based research study to analyze data from smartwatches or activity trackers, such as a Fitbit, Apple Watch, Amazfit or Garmin Watch.

The study, calledDETECT, aims to test whether this dataincluding heart rates, sleep and activity levelscan help to more quickly detect the emergence of influenza, coronavirus and other fast-spreading viral illnesses.

Researchers are seeking members of the public who are 18 or older and use a smartwatch or activity tracker, such as a Fitbit, Apple Watch, Amazfit or Garmin Watch, to join thestudy and consent to share their data through theMyDataHelps mobile app.

By usingkey data points from these wearable devices, scientists believe they can improve real-time surveillance of contagious respiratory illnesses.

RELATED:Former FDA chief Gottlieb has dire warnings about hitting the brakes on social distancing measures

Early detection is critical for effective public health response to infectious disease outbreaks and for improving treatments.

"In light of the ongoing flu season and the global pandemic of COVID-19, we see enormous opportunity to enhance disease tracking for improved population health, saysJennifer Radin, Ph.D., an epidemiologist at the Scripps Research Translational Institute who is leading the study. One way to do this is to leverage and analyze the rich health data thats already being collected by the millions of Americans who regularly use wearable devices.

Scripps Research is working with health technology company CareEvolution on the study.

Scripps Researchs prior work has demonstrated that passively collected data from consumer-grade wearable technologies can be not only a valuable marker of recent and current flu-like illnesses but a promising predictor of an impending illness that may not be perceived by the individual yet, saidVik Kheterpal, MD, principal at CareEvolution.

Earlier this year, a study by Scripps Research Translational Institute showed that by analyzing de-identified data from approximately 47,000 users of Fitbit devices equipped with heart rate tracking capabilities, they couldsignificantly improve predictionsof influenza-like illness at the state level when compared with data from the CDC.

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UCSF partners with Oura smart ring to study early detection of COVID-19 - FierceHealthcare

Because animal breeding is centuries old, it makes sense to say that we have designed animals to meet our needs for a very long time. Animal husbandry has been responsible for producing animals that provide meat, eggs, fur, milk and other useful products. It is distasteful, perhaps, to use this language, but humans have for millennia been manipulating living organisms to make them useful for our purposes.

As I have written before, bioengineering is the next frontier in manufacturing.Advances in engineering have often been driven by new materials. Concrete and plastic were two wonder materials that helped define the twentieth century.Over the next decade, we are likely to see advances in the use of biologically-based materials. When we refer to material science in the future, we will very likely be including living tissue as one such engineered material. Organic material is emerging as the new plastic.

So when news emerged about the invention of xenobots, I wasnt surprised These are very small robotsless than a millimetercreated from heart cells and skin cells taken from frog embryos. They are capable of moving themselves in a vat of liquid via two small limbs. Because they are constructed from heart cellswhich automatically expand and contractthe robots are capable of independent movement. The skin cells provide the robots with a ridged enough structure to carry out tasks such as herding bits of material in this confined space. One could argue that the programming and engineering of xenobots is nothing more than an advanced stage of animal husbandry.

Xenobots might be used to target drug delivery, or be used in swarms to clean up environmental waste. Unlike traditional nanobots, which are inorganic machines, the xenobots would be made from organic material, and thus would be bio-degradable after use.

A simple definition of life might be the capacity for growth, reproduction, functional activity, and continual change preceding death.Although they are indeed capable of functional activity, we should not see xenobots as alive. Indeed, because these early xenobots are designed and manufactured without a way to gain sustenance or without a reproductive capacity, we should not worry about them growing or mutating, because they are not actually alive.That soothes one ethical concern we might harbor: that we are creating a new life form. But in so designing xenobots from living material without the capacity to grow and reproduce, they would be animate and yet unalive, dead and yet undead. They are almost like zombies. Indeed, lets call them nano-zombies: organic, inert yet animated.

Or perhaps xenobots are more akin to a virus.Scientists puzzle over whether or not viruses are living.While viruses contain RNA and DNA, They are not cells, they have no metabolism, and they are inert as long as they do not encounter a cell, so many people (including many scientists) conclude that viruses are not living.

Im not suggesting that xenobots are actual virusesfor if that were the case it would open up whole new vistas of worry. That is, might they have damaging effects should they encounter another living organisms? Instead, they might be only analogous to viruses in that their status as living organisms (as opposed to merely animate chemistry) is murky. Xenobots are organic, contain DNA, are capable of functional activity, but unable to reproduce or change.

Xenobots are, for the moment, quite small.Will it be possible to design and manufacture xenobots to be to be much larger?Can we imagine a day when, as part of our daily routines, we might encounter a xenobot the size of a small dog or a cat engaged in some function or task?The company Piaggio Fast Forward has just released Gita, a small, personalized robot that follows its owner around not unlike BB-8 followed Rey around in Star Wars. Can we imagine a day when something like our Gita is built from organic material, and follows us around like a devoted dog?

Xenobots have been developed with a goal of being functional in some way, that they can perform some sort of task.Engineers and technologists are not the only ones who work with new or interesting materials. Inasmuch as artists also work with materials, I can also imagine a day when they will look to such organic materials to create zombie works of art. Artists would create an animated assembly of cells intended for aesthetic effect rather than for functional use. There is already a thriving subgenre called bioart; bioartists create art with living tissue, bacteria, worms and other living organisms.It is possible that in the near future you will see an animated blob walking down the street, whose only purpose would be for aesthetic pleasure or social commentary.

In any event, we should be readying ourselves for co-existing with not-alive living forms.

David Staley is Director of the Humanities Institute and a professor at The Ohio State University. He is host of the Voices of Excellence podcast and host ofCreativeMornings Columbus.

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NEXT: Xenobots and Nano-zombies - columbusunderground

KANSAS CITY While barriers to commercialization remain, there are signs cell-based meat may soon be a commercial reality.

Investments in cultured meat start-ups increased more than 120 percent between 2018 and 2019.

Several companies, including BlueNalu, Future Meat Technologies, Finless Foods, Wild Type and Aleph Farms, all raised more than $10 million last year, bringing the total amount raised by cultured meat start-ups since 2015 to more than $155 million. That number more than doubled last week, when Berkeley, Calif.-based Memphis Meats secured $161 million in the categorys first Series B round.

The breakthrough round was the largest to date for the cell-based meat industry.

Not only does this investment supply Memphis Meats with capital to scale, but it could also signal potential partnerships with their new investors portfolio companies, said Nate Crosser, business analyst at the Good Food Institute (GFI). GFI hopes and expects that this fundraising round will serve as the spark that ignites a Cambrian explosion in the industry a shift from gradual to exponential change.

Around 40 companies developing more than a dozen types of meat have entered the space since the first cultured burger was produced in 2013. Advancements in bioengineering and regenerative medicine have enabled start-ups to produce a variety of palatable prototypes, including pork, chicken, beef and even duck.

Several players now are beginning to move from the laboratory to the factory.

The potential of cell-based or cultured meat has never been in doubt, said Andy Coyne, food correspondent at GlobalData. However, turning that potential into a market-ready product is arguably an even greater challenge than the incredible scientific work done in the labs.

Low scale, high cost

Cell-based meats are notoriously expensive to create. The first cultured hamburger patty, created in 2013 by Mosa Meat co-founder Mark Post, cost more than $278,000 to produce.

Fast forward to 2019, and that number is down to around $100.

Costs will continue to decrease as production capacity increases, said Liz Specht, senior scientist at GFI.

It is likely that cell-based meats can achieve price parity with mainstream conventional meat once produced at an industrial scale, she said.

No company has a scaled-up facility or supply chain in place, though leaders in the space are making progress.

Future Meat Technologies is using capital from its recent funding round to build a full-scale production facility. Hybrid products combining plant-based protein with cultured fats could launch as early as 2021, followed by 100 percent cultured meat products in 2022, the start-up said.

Memphis Meats and Mosa Meat are working with investors to build pilot plants designed to grow commercial products.

New Age Meats plans to use the funds from its recent round to invest in automation equipment. Its goal is to bring a pork product to market within the next several years. Dutch start-up Meatable is using the $10 million in funding it received last month to launch a pork prototype this summer. The company plans to have a full-scale plant up and running by 2025.

Government green light

Government regulation is another barrier to commercialization. No jurisdiction has approved cultured meat for consumption, and data on large scale consumer safety tests has yet to be released.

In 2018, the USDA and the FDA agreed to create a joint regulatory framework that combines the formers experience regulating livestock and poultry with the latters experience regulating cell-culture technology. Additional guidance was anticipated in 2019 but never came.

Memphis Meats said it is working with regulators to ensure a safe and timely market entry, though no timeline or launch date has been announced.

Just, a company known for its plant-based egg alternative, said its cell-based chicken nugget has been ready for small-scale commercialization since 2018. While price remains a challenge (the nuggets cost around $50 a piece to make), government regulation has been the biggest barrier.

The company has been in talks with regulators in Asia for several years and plans to launch its cultured meat in select food service channels once approval is granted.

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Are cell-based meats moving closer to commercialization? - Meat & Poultry

Newswise UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. New findings on how bacteria can maintain persistent and fast upstream swimming motion over distances comparable with many human organs, may help prevent life-threatening infections, according to a team of international researchers.

Upstream bacterial migrations often occur where liquids flow in one direction, such as the human urinary tract and intravenous and urinary catheters. How far and how fast bacteria can swim upstream has long been poorly understood. This is mainly due to uncertainty of how bacteria maintain persistent upstream motion despite also demonstrating run-and-tumble dynamics moving forward, tumbling randomly, then moving again in another direction.

In a paper published in Science Advances, the researchers have demonstrated just how far upstream bacteria can travel despite what appears to be erratic movement. The team designed an experiment with E. coli bacteria swimming against fluid flow in microfluidic channels, which they filmed. They examined to what extent the confinement was important in the macroscopic transport of the bacteria.

Our measurements suggest that upstream-swimming bacteria can overcome distances comparable to the sizes of human organs, tens of millimeters in some tens of minutes under conditions of high confinement, said Nuris Figueroa-Morales, Penn State bioengineering postdoctoral researcher and lead author of the publication. In the human urinary tract, for example, ureters are tubes with muscular walls that undergo successive waves of active muscular contraction to move liquid from the kidney to the bladder. When totally contracted, they collapse to a slit-shaped, very confined cross section, possibly favorable to upstream bacterial migration.

The flows confinement is an essential ingredient for upstream contamination. Bacteria move forward in upstream paths but are interrupted by downstream transport, when they are carried by fast flows near the center of the channel. The wider the channel, the further bacteria are transported back before restarting their motion upstream close to walls. In a narrow channel, the bacteria move much quicker and more consistently upstream an effect the researchers named super-contamination. Their findings could explain why some infections rapidly become life-threatening medical emergencies.

It's a physical mechanism. Like a weathervane on a windy day, the bacterias geometry causes them to point upstream, Figueroa-Morales said. Very confined channels make this upstream migration more drastic. In the experiments, we made the channels so narrow that most of the bacteria swam close to the walls and they swam upstream for a long time. The edges of the microchannel and the flow just help guide bacteria straight upstream, resulting in a fast contamination.

The studys findings have implications for prevention of medical emergencies due to blood infections and other contaminations. For example, to avoid bacterial contamination of intravenous and urinary catheters, hospital procedures require periodic replacement of these devices. This procedure is painful, and involves a high risk of additional complications. According to Figueroa-Morales, the findings could help design novel flow geometries or surface treatments of catheters to limit upstream bacterial migration.

Our research could also be relevant to new emerging technologies seeking to improve targeted drug delivery, use of bacteria for environmental depollution and understanding the spreading of bio-contaminants in soils, Figueroa-Morales said.

Along with Figueroa-Morales, the studys other authors include Aramis Rivera and Ernesto Altshuler of the University of Havana; Rodrigo Soto of the University of Chile; and Anke Lindner and ric Clment of the Physics and Mechanics of Heterogeneous Media Laboratory in Paris.

This work was supported, in part, by the French National Research Agency, the Franco-Chilean EcosSud Collaborative Program, the European Research Council, the National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development, and the Chilean Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism.

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Knowing why bacteria are great upstream swimmers may prevent serious infections - Newswise

Mona Minkarastood on a train platform in Johannesburg, South Africa, tapping at her phone in frustration. The GPS was malfunctioning and the devices automated voice kept repeating that there was no transit information available.

Minkara, a newly appointed assistant professor of bioengineering at Northeastern, has been blind since she was seven years old. She was in Johannesburg filming the first part of a documentary series demonstrating how she navigates public transportation around the world.

I always tell people I cant wait to get lost, Minkara says. Sometimes society tells you, Youre blind, so you cant do this. So my freedom matters so much to me.

In July, Minkara was awarded the Holman Prize by LightHouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired, which is given to individuals who are blind and want to push their limits with some sort of groundbreaking adventure. The award is named for James Holman, a blind, Victorian-era explorer who spent years traveling the world alone and successfully circumnavigated the globe.

As with Holman, Minkaras adventure is rooted in solo exploration. She started with a trip to Johannesburg in October. In December, she will fly to London, and explore Istanbul, Singapore, and Tokyo before returning home. She is traveling with a videographer, but the woman is not allowed to help her in any way other than by filming what happens.

The footage will be made into a five-episode documentary series called Planes, Trains, and Canes, which will be released on YouTube in 2020. Minkara intends the series to show how blind people deal with different public transportation systems, and that adventure is possible for anyone.

It gives me a sense of freedom, to be in a city that has good public transportation, Minkara says. It means I can do my own thing for myself. Thats huge.

At Northeastern, Minkara is using her background in computational chemistry to study molecules that reside on the inner surface of our lungs, called pulmonary surfactants. They reduce the surface tension of water, which allows our lungs to expand more easily, helping us breathe.

Minkara will be modeling this substance at the molecular level. Her work could help researchers understand how vaping affects our lung function, as well as lead to better treatments for diseases such as respiratory distress syndrome.

To do her research, Minkara works with access assistants who take notes, proof-read publications, and trace the shape of plots on the back of Minkaras hand, so she can understand what they look like. Their assistance is invaluable, Minkara says, but she hopes blind researchers will have more tools in the future, such as tactile plots or braille displays, that could provide tangible access to the different images they are working with.

Minkara, who grew up watching The Magic School Bus and reading stories of Sherlock Holmes, knew she wanted to be a scientist. Her blindness didnt change that goal.

I actually started out undergrad wanting to be a surgeon, she says with a laugh. I remember having a conversation with the pre-med advisor saying something like, Would you want a blind person cutting up your brain? And I thought, Hmm, maybe were not ready yet, as a society.

Instead, Minkara pursued computational chemistry. When she took a postdoctoral position at the University of Minnesota, her advisor, J. Ilja Siepmann, helped Minkara realize that her blindness was actually a strength in scientific research.

Siepmann pointed out that being blind had taught Minkara to think differently and solve problems in creative ways. He wanted her in his lab because those skills would help her approach research questions from different angles, and see things that a sighted person might miss.

It just floored me, Minkara says. It was the first time in my professional life in which somebody saw my blindness as an asset, when I had felt like I needed to keep on running to keep up with my peers.

And she envisions a future with a lot more blind researchers.

There are a lot of hurdles, but I personally feel like theyre worth overcoming, Minkara says. I want to be there for kids that are trying to be scientists and are blind. Or really, any kid that is trying to do something that society thinks they cant.

For media inquiries, please contact media@northeastern.edu.

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A bioengineering researcher who studies how vaping affects lung function sees a future with more blind scientists - News@Northeastern

sourceBrendan McDermid/Reuters

Global stocks dropped on Tuesday as investors braced for a wider outbreak of the mysterious coronavirus as hundreds of millions of people travel across Asia to celebrate Chinese New Year this weekend.

Chinas National Health Commission confirmed cases of the SARS-like virus spreading between humans on Monday. The disease has already infected 224 people and killed four, according to the Financial Times. The World Health Organization will meet on Wednesday to discuss whether to declare the outbreak an international public health emergency.

Travel, retail, and luxury goods stocks fell sharply on concerns that the disease will hit demand. Airlines slumped on fears of crimped travel plans. Pharma stocks in China rose by their 10% daily limit. A maker of face masks in China surged.

Markets are worried about this spreading to more cities, said Neil Wilson at Markets.com.

Heres the market roundup as of 9:10 a.m. in London (4:10 a.m. ET):

The worry is this is another SARS, an outbreak that saw thousands infected and led to hundreds of deaths, said Wilson in a morning note. It also led to billions of dollars of losses and hit Chinese GDP growth by up to one percentage point.

We dont know how bad this will be, but with authorities confirming the disease can spread between humans, its wise to be on guard for this outbreak to get worse before it gets better, he added.

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Stocks are sinking on fears of the deadly virus in China Markets are worried about this spreading to more cities - Business Insider

People who take all of their blood-pressure medication in one go at bedtime are better able to control their condition and have a significantly lower risk of death or illness caused by heart or blood vessel problems compared to those who take their anti-hypertensive medication in the morning, according to research published this month in the peer-reviewed European Heart Journal.

The trial instructed 19,084 patients to take their pills on waking or at bedtime, and followed them for more than six years during which time the patients ambulatory blood pressure was checked over 48 hours at least once a year. The results were adjusted for age, gender, Type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, smoking and cholesterol levels.

The researchers found that patients who took their medication at bedtime reduced by 45% their risk of dying from or suffering heart attacks, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure or requiring a procedure to unblock narrowed arteries, compared to those who took their medication after waking up in the morning.

The risk of death from heart or blood vessel problems was reduced by 66%, the risk of myocardial infarction was reduced by 44%, coronary revascularization (unblocking narrowed arteries) by 40%, heart failure by 42%, and stroke by 49%. However, the researchers noted there are no studies showing that treating hypertension in the morning reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Morning ingestion has been the most common recommendation by physicians based on the misleading goal of reducing morning blood pressure levels, said co-author Ramn Hermida, director of the Bioengineering and Chronobiology Labs at the University of Vigo in Spain. Allowing the medication to work before the next days activity may also play a role.

Preventative measures in early adulthood include taking statins lipid-lowering drugs and drugs to lower cholesterol, which can be more effective than merely relying on diet and exercise, particularly for those who have a genetic predisposition to high cholesterol and elevated blood pressure, experts say.

You may also like: Taking these two health precautions now can dramatically reduce your risk of heart disease later in life

Between 2008 and 2018, 10,614 male and 8,470 female adults of Caucasian Spanish origin who were diagnosed with hypertension had to adhere to a routine of daytime activity and night-time sleep. Hermida said its not possible to know whether the results apply to people who work night shifts or those from other racial/ethnic backgrounds.

One possible theory for the results: A bad nights sleep can result in a spike in blood pressure that night and the following day, separate research found. That study, published in a recent edition of the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, offers one explanation for why sleep problems have been shown to increase the risk of heart attack, stroke and even death from cardiovascular disease.

Those participants who had lower sleep efficiency showed an increase in blood pressure during that restless night. They also had higher systolic blood pressure the number in a persons blood-pressure reading the next day. The researchers said getting good sleep and quality sleep was important for a healthy heart. It also allows medications to work while the body is restoring energy.

Blood pressure is one of the best predictors of cardiovascular health, said lead study author Caroline Doyle, a graduate student at the University of Arizonas department of psychology. Cardiovascular disease is the No. 1 killer of people in the country. We wanted to see if we could try to get a piece of that story: how sleep might be impacting disease through blood pressure.

There are, of course, other ways to help reduce hypertension. A diet that helps people reduce high blood pressure may also reduce the risk of heart failure in people under the age of 75, according to separate research recently published in the latest edition of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

This Dash (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet recommends eating fruits, vegetables, nuts, whole grains, poultry, fish and low-fat dairy products, while reducing the amount of salt, red meat, sweets and sugar-sweetened beverages, full cream and alcohol in your diet. Aside from the last two items, its very similar to the Mediterranean diet.

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Taking blood-pressure medication at this time every day could save your life - MarketWatch

In early October, the 3rd International Conference on Plant Synthetic Biology, Bioengineering, and Biotechnology took place in Cambridge, UK. Ross Cloney was there, and gives us an account mixed with his thoughts on plant synbio!

Guest post by Ross Cloney

What does a synbio world look like? Anyone who has read my previous entries on this blog or if you follow my twitter feed knows I think about what a world with ubiquitous synthetic biology might look like from time to time (in between tweets about my latest homebrewing projects). It was a thought that I pondered during the 3rd annual Plant Synthetic Biology, Bioengineering and Biotechnology conference that was held this year in Cambridge.

Why plants? After all, plants are tricky things to work with and there was plenty of discussion about how in many ways synthetic biology in plants has lagged behind work being doing in other systems. At one point it was put forward that the majority of synthetic biology being done in plants was multi-gene transformations and over-expression of those constructs. This not surprising given plants are complex higher eukaryotes with complex cell structures, often fiendishly convoluted genomes and deep, rich physiology. Several discussions I had revolved around what benefits plants brought to synthetic biology that couldnt be achieved with yeast or other more tractable organisms? After all, for producing desired products such as high-value compounds, yeast are an ideal chassis. Were getting quite good at engineering yeast and maybe the synbio world is one of fermenters, from industrial-scale ones spanning city blocks to rugged field-ready units for off-grid use, full of yeast and other microorganisms producing the compounds, biologics and materials we need.

Well one important fact is that we rely on plants for food and this is where the tools of synthetic biology are being focused. While we live in a world of food excess in some places, we still have a lack of food in others along with an expanding human population. Crop yields arent increasing in line with predicted population growth, requiring new ways to increase output. Caxia Gao spoke about several published papers showing the application of CRISPR editing technology (e.g. here and here) to develop rice and wheat varieties resistant to disease, neatly sidestepping concerns about introducing exogenous DNA into the plant. Followed by her work in genome engineering domestication into a wild tomato, opening the possibility of expanding our crop repertoire.

The focus on crop plants continued with efforts to re-engineer the carbon assimilation pathways for enhanced biomass production, providing improved yields and improved removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. Despite the practical difficulty in working with them, higher plants have millions of years of evolution and thousands of years of domestication to harness solar energy and atmospheric carbon to produce stuff we want.

Of course, the elephant in the room for a plant synthetic biology conference held in Europe is the current state of regulations, particularly in the EU, covering modified plants. Was Europe going to remain a no-go area for this technology or could there be developments of such benefit that the regulatory wall would start to crack? Enter the tomato. Cathie Martin from the John Innes Centre discussed her purple, yellow and bronze tomatoes that produce high levels of anthocyanins, resveratrol, and flavonols.

Would these, and the engineered plants that will follow, change the perception of biodesigned food though providing direct personal benefits, avoiding the accusation leveled against the first generation of GM crops that the beneficiary was a large multinational corporation and not farmers and consumers? Would public concern and regulatory reluctance finally give way if the conversation is no longer about pesticide resistance but about personal health benefits?

Maybe the times are achanging. Golden rice was approved for cultivation last year and the ethos of synthetic biology sustainability, social engagement and trying to make the word a nicer place to live in are as strong as ever. Maybe a world of synthetic biology is a world of bronze tomatoes in our salads and previously wild, now domestic, plants on our plates. A world where it is so seamlessly integrated into our lives we dont even notice it. Maybe its closer than we think.

Ross Cloney is a Senior Editor at Nature Communications handling synthetic biology and genome engineering. He tweets (mostly about synthetic biology, occasionally about his attempts at homebrewing) as @rosscloney

Excerpt from:
Thoughts and reflections on the 3rd International Conference on Plant Synthetic Biology | PLOS Synthetic Biology Community - PLoS Blogs

The latest research report on Bioreactors and Fermentors Market by Ricerca Alfa, presents a detailed analysis concerning market share, market valuations, revenue estimation, SWOT analysis, and regional spectrum of the business. The report further highlights key challenges and growth prospects of the market, while examining the business outlook comprising expansion strategies implemented by market leaders.

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Global Bioreactors and Fermentors Market 2019 are explored with Leading Players Bioengineering AG, Applikon Biotechnology, Pall Corporation, GE...

Cells in our bodies communicate important messages via interactions between proteins. In order for these messages to be clearly and accurately conveyed, every protein needs to talk to only one other partner, cutting out any crosstalk with other similar proteins.

A new MIT study has unveiled how crosstalk between these proteins can be avoided by using cells. Furthermore, the study has also shown how there are many more potential protein interactions that cells have yet to use.

This could assist synthetic biologists in creating new pairs of proteins to act as artificial circuits which would be useful when diagnosing diseases.

RELATED: INCREDIBLE ARTIFICIAL PROTEIN OPENS UP POTENTIAL FOR SMART CELL THERAPIES

The MIT researchers created new pairs of signaling proteins to show how these can be useful in linking new signals to new outputs by engineering E. coli cells.

"Using our high-throughput approach, you can generate many orthogonal versions of a particular interaction, allowing you to see how many different insulated versions of that protein complex can be built," said Conor McClune, an MIT graduate student and the lead author of the study.

In their study, the researchers used a two-component signaling pathway that is found in bacteria. These pathways have evolved through a process that allows cells to duplicate genes to signal proteins they already have. Then they mutate them and end up creating similar protein groupings.

Its intrinsically advantageous for organisms to be able to expand this small number of signaling families quite dramatically, but it runs the risk that youre going to have crosstalk between these systems that are all very similar," said Michael Laub, MIT professor of Biology and senior author of the study.

Laub continued, "It then becomes an interesting challenge for cells: How do you maintain the fidelity of information flow, and how do you couple specific inputs to specific outputs?"

Finally, Laub said, "What we found is that its pretty easy to find combinations that will work, where two proteins interact to transduce a signal, and they dont talk to anything else inside the cell."

What the study also assists with is a new strategy for creating synthetic circuits. One of the applications could be designing circuits that notice the presence of other microbes. These circuits could prove useful when creating probiotic bacteria, which helps diagnose infectious diseases.

"Bacteria can be engineered to sense and respond to their environment, with widespread applications such as smart gut bacteria that could diagnose and treat inflammation, diabetes, or cancer, or soil microbes that maintain proper nitrogen levels and eliminatethe need for fertilizer," said Jeffrey Tabor, an associate professor of bioengineering and biosciences at Rice University.

Tabor continued, "To build such bacteria, synthetic biologists require genetically encoded 'sensors.'"

Furthermore, if adapted for use in human cells, the new study's approach could also assist biologists in designing novel ways to create human T cells, which destroy cancer cells.

The study was published on Wednesday in Nature.

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Scientists Create Proteins That Don't Crosstalk with Other Molecules - Interesting Engineering

The translation of new discoveries in medicine to clinical routine has never been easy. During the second half of the last century, thanks to the progress in chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology, we have seen the development and the application of a large number of drugs and devices aimed at the treatment of symptoms, blocking unwanted pathways and, in the case of infectious diseases, fighting the micro-organisms responsible. However, we are facing, today, a dramatic change in the therapeutic approach to pathologies and diseases. Indeed, the challenge of the present and the next decade is to fully restore the physiological status of the diseased organism and to completely regenerate tissue and organs when they are so seriously affected that treatments cannot be limited to the repression of symptoms or to the repair of damage. This is being made possible thanks to the major developments made in basic cell and molecular biology, including stem cell science, growth factor delivery, gene isolation and transfection, the advances in bioengineering and nanotechnology, including development of new biomaterials, biofabrication technologies and use of bioreactors, and the big improvements in diagnostic tools and imaging of cells, tissues and organs.

In today`s world, an enhancement of communication between multidisciplinary experts, together with the promotion of joint projects and close collaborations among scientists, engineers, industry people, regulatory agencies and physicians are absolute requirements for the success of any attempt to develop and clinically applya new biological therapy or an innovative device involving the collective use of biomaterials, cells and/or bioactive molecules. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology aspires to be a forum for all people involved in the process by bridging the gap too often existing between a discovery in the basic sciences and its clinical application.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnologyis a member of theCommittee on Publication Ethics.

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Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Theres a new frontier in medicine that seeks to cure not just treat symptoms by regenerating healthy tissue destroyed by disease.

In the firing line are currently incurable diseases that impose enormous suffering, debilitation and costs. This includes the muscle wasting inflicted by muscular dystrophy, for example, or the loss of brain neural cells in the case of Parkinsons disease.

Its the latter that the startup Convalesce Inc is primarily targeting, based on the development of a self-assembling and self-repairing material called AmGel. It contains nanofibres capable of nurturing stem cells to replace damaged nerves a function that can make or break the use of stem cells therapeutically.

To get all the interacting factors right meant drawing on nanotechnology, bioengineering, cell biology, developmental biology and material science super-advanced stuff.

AmGels development and commercialisation, however, owes a great deal to a new model for producing the next generation of innovators in this case, Convalesces co-founder, Dr Subhadeep Das.

He graduated with a PhD in 2017 from an academy specifically established to use advanced multidisciplinary research techniques to address critical global challenges, including in energy, infrastructure and manufacturing. Called the IITB-Monash Research Academy, its a joint venture between the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB) and Monash University.

Speaking from the prestigious IndieBio accelerator program in San Francisco, Das explains that stem cell technology perfectly fits the academys mission. These are cells that are potentially game-changing for medicine, yet their use is held back by the cells complex relationship to its molecular, cellular and extra-cellular environment.

You cant just inject stem cells into inflamed and damaged tissue. They dont survive in that micro environment, Das says. The solution requires drawing on multiple disciplines like having smaller pieces for a jigsaw puzzle.

For Parkinsons disease, that involves understanding the biophysicality of the brain and the dimensions and topography of its subcellular structures. This has led to the designing of nanofibres that form a scaffold for stem cells to attach and grow into. This matrix also cues stem cell growth and development into functioning nerve cells.

To get all the interacting factors right meant drawing on nanotechnology, bioengineering, cell biology, developmental biology and material science super-advanced stuff, Das says.

The science, however, is just the first step towards a cure. Convalesce constitutes the second phase meeting the testing, regulatory and commercialisation hurdles needed to get a viable therapy to patients.

Das admits the learning curve has been steep in the segue from research to commercialisation. Working alone, he might not have succeeded.

Instead, he took advantage of ongoing support provided by the IITB-Monash Research Academy, including the provision of exclusive rights to the intellectual property for AmGel, and mentoring from across both universities, especially from the academys CEO, Professor Murali Sastry.

He discovered that while starting a company is tough, there are people who are willing to help if you reach out. Its making the connections in the first place that matters.

On that score, the Monash alumni office do a great job. They provided us with introductions to alumni that included highly successful entrepreneurs and heads of venture firms. These are people who are willing to help because of the connection with Monash University.

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Repairing the brain through stem cell therapy - Monash Lens

Research ArticleLUNG DISEASE

* These authors contributed equally to this work.

Present address: Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

+ See all authors and affiliations

Science Advances 30 Aug 2017:Vol. 3, no. 8, e1700521DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700521

N. Valerio Dorrello

Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Brandon A. Guenthart

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

John D. ONeill

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Jinho Kim

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Katherine Cunningham

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Ya-Wen Chen

Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Mauer Biscotti

Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Theresa Swayne

Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Holly M. Wobma

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Sarah X. L. Huang

Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Hans-Willem Snoeck

Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Matthew Bacchetta

Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.

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Functional vascularized lung grafts for lung bioengineering ... - Science Advances

Chemical Engineers and Bioengineers Highly Valued

The Voiland School offers degrees in chemical engineering and bioengineering that prepare leaders who solve the most important challenges facing our nation and the world. In recognition of the skills learned by studying in the Voiland School, salaries paid to chemical engineering and bioengineering graduates are among the highest earned by students graduating in any discipline.Read the latest Voiland School Newsletter to learn more about current activities in the School.

Chemical Engineers and Bioengineers devise innovative solutions to todays most pressing challenges addressing our needs for clean, sustainable energy, maintaining and remediating the environment, and maintaining and improving the health of people everywhere. At WSU, we provide an education that prepares you to help meet these challenges. You can learn more about Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering at these websites: Chemical Engineering at All About Careers website, Chemical Engineering at the AiCHE website or Bioengineering at the World Wide Learn website.

No profession unleashes the spirit of innovation like engineering. From research to real-world applications, engineers constantly discover how to improve our lives by creating bold new solutions that connect science to life in unexpected, forward-thinking ways. Few professions turn so many ideas into so many realities. Few have such a direct and positive effect on peoples everyday lives. We are counting on engineers and their imaginations to help us meet the needs of the 21st century. Changing the Conversation: Messages for Improving Public Understanding of Engineering (NAE) National Academy ofEngineering

Thank you for your interest in the Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering. We invite you to explore our website to learn more about our programs.

Read about the naming of The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering.

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Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering ...

The Doctor of Philosophy in Bioengineering program is designed to take advantage of Northeasterns considerable strength in multiple areas of bioengineering. Located in the heart of Boston, directly adjacent to the world-renowned Longwood Medical Area, Northeastern provides an excellent opportunity for students to combine engineering, medicine and biology. Students work with one of our 20 core faculty, or one of our many outstanding affiliated faculty across the University. Students have to opportunity to develop a course of study tailored to suit their interests or take advantage of one of our four core Research Areas.

Our PhD program in Bioengineering draws on the expertise of our core faculty, as well as affiliated faculty across the University. Our program reflects the significant strengths of Bioengineering research in multiple areas. Students accepted to the program will complete a rigorous core curriculum in basic bioengineering science followed by completion of an immersion curriculum tailored to their research area of interest.

Please note that changes will be coming to the PhD program requirements starting Fall 2019. Please contact the Associate Chair for Graduate Studies for further details.

Research Area 1: Imaging, Instrumentation, and Signal ProcessingThe Imaging, Instrumentation and Signal Processing track reflects Northeastern Universitys outstanding research profile in developing new technologies for visualizing biological processes and disease. Our department has active federally funded research spanning a broad spectrum of relevant areas in instrument design, contrast agent development, and advanced computational modeling and reconstruction methods. Example research centers include theChemical Imaging of Living Systems Institute, theTranslational Biophotonics Cluster, and theB-SPIRAL signal processing group.See Associated Faculty

Research Area 2: Biomechanics, Biotransport and MechanoBiologyMotion, deformation, and flow of biological systems in response to applied loads elicit biological responses at the molecular and cellular levels that support the physiological function of tissues and organs and drive their adaptation and remodeling. To study these complex interactions, principles of solid, fluid, and transport mechanics must be combined with measures of biological function. The Biomechanics, Biotransport, & Mechanobiology track embraces this approach and leverages the strong expertise of Northeastern faculty attempting to tie applied loads to biological responses at multiple length and time scales.See Associated Faculty

Research Area 3: Molecular, Cell, and Tissue EngineeringPrinciples for engineering living cells and tissues are essential to address many of the most significant biomedical challenges facing our society today. These application areas include engineering biomaterials to coax and enable stem cells to form functional tissue or to heal damaged tissue; designing vehicles for delivering genes and therapeutics to reach specific target cells to treat a disease; and, uncovering therapeutic strategies to curb pathological cell behaviors and tissue phenotypes. At a more fundamental level, the field is at the nascent stages of understanding how cells make decisions in complex microenvironments and how cells interact with each other and their surrounding environment to organize into complex three-dimensional tissues. Advances will require a multiscale experimental, computational and theoretical approaches spanning molecular-cellular-tissue levels and integration of molecular and physical mechanisms, including the role of mechanical forces.See Associated Faculty

Research Area 4: Computational and Systems BiologyWe aim to understand the rules governing emergent systems-level behavior and to use these rules to rationally engineer biological systems. We make quantitative measurements, often at the single-cell level, to test different conceptual frameworks and discriminate amongst different classes of models. Our faculty are leaders in developing and applying both theoretical methods, e.g., control theory, and experimental methods, e.g., single-cell proteomics by mass-spec, to biological systems. At the organ and tissue levels, 3D scans acquired through medical imaging methods (e.g. US, CT, MRI, etc.) may be used to reconstruct virtual models of targeted systems. Non-invasive measures of the physiological function can then inform numerical simulations to predict the behavior of biological systems over time, with the goal of estimating the progression towards pathological endpoints or to test the efficacy of targeted surgical procedures and pharmaceutical treatments (e.g., drug delivery).See Associated Faculty

The PhD in Bioengineering can be combined with a Gordon Engineering Leadership certificate. Learn more about the benefits of this unique program.

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Bioengineering PhD | Bioengineering | Northeastern University

Corn Germ Meal Market 2018: Global Industry Insights by Global Players, Regional Segmentation, Growth, Applications, Major Drivers, Value and Foreseen till 2024

The report provides both quantitative and qualitative information of global Corn Germ Meal market for period of 2018 to 2025. As per the analysis provided in the report, the global market of Corn Germ Meal is estimated to growth at a CAGR of _% during the forecast period 2018 to 2025 and is expected to rise to USD _ million/billion by the end of year 2025. In the year 2016, the global Corn Germ Meal market was valued at USD _ million/billion.

This research report based on Corn Germ Meal market and available with Market Study Report includes latest and upcoming industry trends in addition to the global spectrum of the Corn Germ Meal market that includes numerous regions. Likewise, the report also expands on intricate details pertaining to contributions by key players, demand and supply analysis as well as market share growth of the Corn Germ Meal industry.

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Corn Germ Meal Market : Opportunities and Forecast Assessment, 20192025 - Daily Science

Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the bacteria responsible for gonorrhea. (Image: National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering)

Describing it as a serious situation, the World Health Organization has issued a grim warning about the dramatic rise of antibiotic resistant gonorrhea around the world. The agency is now calling for the quick development of drugs to treat the sexually transmitted disease.

Data collected from nearly 80 countries shows that antibiotic resistance is making gonorrhea much tougher, and at times impossible, to treat. The disease is becoming increasingly immune to older and cheaper antibiotics, and treatment-resistant strains are now appearing even in countries where monitoring practices are top notch. WHO, with help from a global team of researchers, is set to release these findings in a special edition of PLoS Medicine prior to the STI & HIV World Congress that will be held in Rio from July 9-12.

The bacteria that cause gonorrhea are particularly smart, said WHO medical officer Teodora Wi in a statement. Every time we use a new class of antibiotics to treat the infection, the bacteria evolve to resist them.

Each year, the sexually transmitted disease afflicts an estimated 78 million people worldwide. Gonorrhea is caused by the Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterium, and it infects both men and women. Symptoms include a greenish yellow or whitish discharge from the penis and vagina, burning while urinating, swollen glands in the throat (due to oral sex), and other unpleasant manifestations. The disease is particularly tough on women, and its frequently accompanied by pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy (when the fetus develops outside the uterus), and an increased risk of contracting HIV. WHO says the disease is spreading on account of decreased condom use, increased urbanization and travel, poor detection measures, and inadequate or failed treatments.

Data collected by WHO from 2009 to 2014 shows widespread resistance to the commonly used antibiotics ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, along with emerging resistance to the current last-resort treatment involving injectable ceftriaxone. Superbugs that couldnt be treated with the last line of defence have been reported in France, Japan, and Spain. The agency is now advising doctors to prescribe a double-whammy treatment involving both azithromycin and ceftriaxone. This is a rather grim prescription, given that azithromycin-resistant gonorrhea is now being reported in 81 percent of countries, and ceftriaxone-resistant gonorrhea has taken root in 66 percent of countries. Ultimately, WHO says we need to develop a vaccine, because gonorrhea will always remain a step ahead of our efforts to curb it with antibiotics.

WHO is also calling for the rapid development of new drugs to treat the disease. Disturbingly, the research and development pipeline for gonorrhea is relatively empty, with only three new candidate drugs currently in clinical development, according to WHO. Part of the problem has to do with Big Pharmas reluctance to develop drugs that treat gonorrhea, which are only taken for short periods of time (unlike meds for chronic diseases), and become less effective over time as resistance develops.

To address the pressing need for new treatments for gonorrhea, we urgently need to seize the opportunities we have with existing drugs and candidates in the pipeline, said Manica Balasegaram, who directs the not-for-profit Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP). In the short term, we aim to accelerate the development and introduction of at least one of these pipeline drugs, and will evaluate the possible development of combination treatments for public health use. Any new treatment developed should be accessible to everyone who needs it, while ensuring its used appropriately, so that drug resistance is slowed as much as possible.

In addition to developing new drugs and re-evaluating existing antibiotics, WHO says its critical to develop treatments that are easier to administer, and produce more simplified treatment guidelines.

An 18-month review into antimicrobial resistance warns that superbugs will kill upwards of 10

This latest development is another discouraging reminder that our antibiotics are failing. Last year, the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries in Britain claimed that a new era of antimicrobial resistance is already upon us, and that 50,000 people are already dying each year in the US and Europe from untreatable infections. Should nothing be done to offset this trend, as many as 10 million people could die each year by the mid-point of the 21st century, making antimicrobial resistance more deadly than cancer.

Antibiotics that treat gonorrhea may be failing, but theres still a way to fight back: practice safe sex.

[World Health Organization, CBC News]

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Experts Sound the Alarm as Drug Resistant Gonorrhea Goes Global - Gizmodo

Noah Hill was turning in his physics homework as a first-year student in fall 2016 when he spied a poster advertising a three-day event for Tufts engineering startups.

I had just come to college, and entrepreneurship was all new to me, he said. He went to the event, and wound up in a group with two older students, Daniel Weinstein, E18, and Saam Borzog, D19. They were exploring a small device that would fit inside a persons mouth and track the nutritional content of what they were eating.

Over the next seventy-two hours, the three bonded over the idea so well that when the event was over, they decided to keep working on the project. I had no idea what I was getting myself into, said Hill, E21, a computer science major.

From that chance meeting grew their company UChu Biosensors, a dental technology startup that they hope will revolutionize the way dentists use real-time data to fight tooth decay. The company has shown so much promise that Hill took this year off from Tufts to travel to Shenzhen, China to work on the product at the HAX Accelerator, which provides venture capital and services to develop hardware.

My philosophy is that college will always be there, but I dont know if I can be director of software engineering of my own company, he said. Worst case scenario, this falls through and I finish my degree; best case, I keep working and can pay for my own tuition.

Hill grew up in Tacoma, Washington, where his dad worked for a nearby citys public works department. Hill tinkered with him in the garage during the weekends. He would buy old, broken cars on purpose so he could fix them, said Hill, who developed a love for math and engineering.

It wasnt until he came to Tufts that he discovered computer programming, first taking a class on it at the Experimental College. When Hill first learned how to program a Raspberry Pi, a palm-sized minicomputer, and made it print on a terminal, it blew my mind, he said. Ever since then, Ive wanted to program things.

The three-member team ran with the idea of the diet tracker for more than year before realizing that tracking so many nutrients was too complicated. Borzog, then a student at the Tufts dental school, had an aha moment, remembering how much his professors preached the importance of acidity in tooth decay.

Acid is to dental health what blood pressure it to heart disease, said Borzog. Outside of a twice-yearly checkup, however, dentists have no way to understand what is going on in peoples mouths. We usually recommend the same thing for each patientbrush and floss twice a day.

The issue is particularly important for millions of people who are more prone to dental decay, such as those on antidepressants or living with diabetes and cancer, for example. The company shifted its vision toward a device that would attach to a patients tooth and continually monitor acid levels, sending an alert to a smartphone if it rose to a critical level.

That would allow a dentist to prescribe a specific toothpaste or mouthwash to bring down acidity. Ninety-two percent of people will experience tooth decay at some point, and its completely preventable, Hill said.

Over the past two years, the team worked to create a prototype, with Weinstein overseeing the bioengineering, Borzog the dental science, and Hill the computer programming. Hills computer science courses at Tufts became real-time tutorials to create the company software.

Comp 40 skyrocketed my ability to write code, said Hill, who at one point was dealing with a software bug for two weeks. In class, they taught us how to debug assembly code, and within fifteen minutes, Id fixed it.

At the same time, the trio was buoyed by the Tufts Entrepreneurship Center, winning its $15,000 Montle Prize and $5,000 Ricci Prize in 2017. That in turn garnered the interest of thencenter director Jack Derby and other faculty members, who helped the trio hone their message and connected them with potential funders.

The science is there, but the guys also have very positive and friendly attitudes, said Derby, now a lecturer at the Tufts Gordon Institute. That makes all of us in the center want to do more for them.

Working at Tufts Launchpad | BioLabs, the team created a proof of concepta complete working sensor on a mouthguard, and with Derbys help, began traveling around the country and overseas making a pitch for funding.

The teams drive and persistence are unique among Tufts students, says computer science associate teaching professor Ming Chow, E02, EG04, who taught Hill in Web Programming in spring 2018. Tufts talks about entrepreneurship, Chow said, and now Noah has gone on to do it.

With an initial goal of raising $500,000, the company was only able to bring in $291,500 before the opportunity with HAX came along. The accelerator provides companies with $250,000 in venture capital, as well as engineering and marketing teams, to complete their product. The only catch is that they have to move to China to do it.

Hill didnt hesitate, leaving Tufts this fall to travel with Weinstein to Shenzhen, where the two have worked twelve-to-sixteen hour days to design the hardware, firmware, server architecture, and web interface.

When they are done with the product design, they will then head to Silicon Valley in the spring in hopes of raising $2 to $3 million in seed capital to see the device through the regulatory process. If all goes well, they hope to sell to their first patients in 2021 or 2022.

The experience has brought out my inner strength and helped me realize what Im passionate about, said Hill, reflecting on how far hes come since that startup event his first year at Tufts. Whatever you want to do is really possible if you work hard and meet people and leverage the resources that are available.

Michael Blanding is a Boston-based freelance writer.

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Taking the Leap into the Startup Worldas a Student - Tufts Now