CBD And The Advancement of Sleep Science – Magazine of Santa Clarita

Are you one of the 68 percent of Americans that struggle with sleep? If so, you have probably spent your fair share of money trying to get relief. You are not alone. Its projected that Americans will spend 52 billion dollars on sleep aids and remedies in 2020. The issue is that most solutions dont work as well as you expect and as they claim to work. The Problem: No two people are exactly alike, and neither is their body chemistry. What our body needs one day, it may not need the next and for this reason, you may find that supplements work for you sometimes, while other times they dont have the same impact. Differences in the biochemical makeup of one individual is another reason why a particular supplement may work well for one individual but not for another.Sleep supplements and synergistic formulations: As you may know, medicines produced in laboratories often have a blend of compounds that work more effectively when paired with one another. This formulation process is similar to natural supplements as well. Combining multiple supplements that work synergisticly to one another, can achieve an outcome thats more effective on many different people, with different body chemistry.CBD and Sleep: Many people these days are turning to CBD in their search for better sleep. That said, it is true, CBD can help to promote and maintain a state of calmness, which can help, but may not be enough for some people.Advancements in Sleep Science: bZen Organics new CBD Advanced Sleep Formula is a proprietary blend of natures most potent ingredients designed to give you the optimal opportunity to get a good nights rest. Ingredients: 25mg of CBD per capsule, Melatonin, Passion Flower, Linden Flower, Ginkgo Biloba, Lemon Balm, Skullcap Root, Hops Flower, and Vitamin E & D.Dr. Crawford joins the bZen Organics Team with over 10 years of experience working as a Formulation Chemist and Supplement Formulator. She has a doctorate in Naturopathic Medicine, a Masters in Human Nutrition and a Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry.

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CBD And The Advancement of Sleep Science - Magazine of Santa Clarita

Dispatches from Uganda: The Unknown Becomes Known – University of San Diego Website

Editor's Note: A water quality research project in Uganda has the full attention of an interdisciplinary group including USD faculty members, students, President James T. Harris and his wife, Mary all of whom are excited to show what it means to make a difference in the world. Ryan T. Blystone, editor of the USD News Center, is in Uganda to document the trip.

Three weeks ago, much was unknown. Back then, some carried doubt and the few who had a good sense of what lay ahead still needed to adjust accordingly. The trio who specifically knew their role heading in understood that it would test them professionally and produce a well of emotions, all while providing the best care possible.

Eight women between the ages of 21-29 four undergraduate students, three doctoral nurse practitioners and one 2019 behavioral neuroscience alumna arrived in Uganda to ring in 2020 with varied visions of what this trip would ask of them and how they would respond.

"I talked to Molly (Klein), my lab partner, and (Chemistry Professor) James Bolender a lot before coming on the trip. They prepped me about what I was going to see, how people would act, how we'd stand out," said Kendyl Maher, a junior biochemistry major. "What I wasn't prepared for was that there are actual cities where we're visiting. Whenever you see Africa on the news about anything going on, it's only about poverty and how the people need help. I expected to see poverty everywhere, but there are cities, there's an economy and there's so much culture here. Where we've been staying, Montfort House, is so beautiful, with all the flowers and plants."

Maher, mechanical engineering student Christina Kozlovsky, and nurse practitioners Allison Bryden, Shaylyn White and Cara Fratianni were all newcomers to Uganda. Molly Klein, Marci Strong and Natalie North-Cole were on their second trip, having been in Uganda in January 2019 for Chemistry Professor Jim Bolender's water purification techniques in the developing world Intersession class.

"Last year I didn't really know what to expect," said Klein, a junior biochemistry major and standout cross-country and track athlete. "It was all new. The purpose was to just soak it all in, experience the culture and learn how to perform the chemical tests on the water. This time it felt a little more like I knew what I was doing, but I'm still a student. Every time I come here it's a learning experience."

The 2020 trip which was again led by Bolender, though not an official USD class was a research/business trip. There was the task of gathering and studying water samples for research purposes; Kozlovsky was looking into research for her senior engineering design project; faculty members and President James T. Harris met with local officials to strengthen connections; nursing students gained exposure to providing health care in a different country by way of day shifts at nearby Holy Innocents Children's Hospital in Mbarara, giving educational presentations to nursing staff and aiding the hospital with two pop-up medical clinics that served nearly 500 children in rural areas.

Each of these moments brought out something profound in each ofthe students.

On Instagram, Fratianni visually expressed her thoughts and feelings for everything she was able to do on this trip. Just prior to joining the group in Uganda to work in the hospital, she had taken on the challenge of climbing the famed Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. Combining both experiences in Africa, she credited the continent for "showing me my inner strength and power as a woman."

But moments like those were only part of it. There were the times spent gathered for three meals a day, long rides on a school bus, van or a jeep-like vehicle on the rugged roads, playing volleyball at Montfort House, dancing, singing Whitney Houston's "I Will Always Love You" or playing Uno. Put all those moments together, mix in the hospitality and friendliness of Ugandan people and you have a recipe for a successful and memorable international experience.

"When I found out I was going to be coming to Uganda, I was very excited but also extremely nervous," Kozlovsky said. "I'd never traveled to a country in Africa before. All of the travel I've done out of the country, if not with my family, had been with a class. A research trip with people coming from all different majors was different. I didn't know anyone else but my faculty advisor, (Mechanical Engineering Professor and Chair) Dr. (Frank) Jacobitz. I was nervous to see how the interactions would go. But once I got here, the people were so welcoming. I've really held onto that; everywhere you go, you're most welcome. I feel as though I found a home here."

Three weeks later, closing in on 11 p.m. in the Entebbe, Uganda airport's Crest Cafe, goodbye hugs were exchanged. A few watery eyes were noticeable among the USD students and staff. Theyd become fast friends and experienced something together that will always bond them. Despite varying flight paths home, the chemistry that brought them together will remain on a What's App group chat, as a hashtag #uganda and via countless photos and videos.

These lasting memories are something special, which will forever be well known.

Ryan T. Blystone

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Dispatches from Uganda: The Unknown Becomes Known - University of San Diego Website

SINTX Technologies Announces Publication of Study to Reduce the Spread and Transfer of Coronavirus – Business Wire

SALT LAKE CITY--(BUSINESS WIRE)--SINTX Technologies, Inc. (NASDAQ: SINT) (SINTX or the Company), an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) ceramics company focused on silicon nitride and its applications, today announced positive testing results demonstrating the anti-viral properties of its silicon nitride which may be useful in the reduction of the spread of COVID-19. The study results demonstrated that SINTXs unique grade of silicon nitride inactivates the SARS-CoV-2 virus within a minute after exposure, and has the potential to decrease the risk of viral disease spread on surfaces.

Studies have shown that coronavirus spreads between humans when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Also, the virus can remain active on a variety of commonly touched surfaces for hours to days. SINTX believes that by incorporating its unique composition of silicon nitride into products such as face masks, and personal protective equipment, it is possible to manufacture surfaces that inactivate viral particles, thereby limiting the spread of the disease. SINTX envisions incorporating its silicon nitride into high-contact surfaces such as medical equipment, screens, countertops, and doorknobs in locations where viral persistence is a concern, such as homes, casinos, and cruise ships.

The study builds upon years of research toward understanding the basic biochemistry of silicon nitride, said Dr. Sonny Bal, President, and CEO of SINTX. The antiviral attributes of silicon nitride are consistent with the known antibacterial behavior of silicon nitride. The results with coronavirus inactivation are likewise consistent with an earlier study that showed similar inactivation of other viruses, including Influenza A and Enterovirus, both of which cause human disease.

The study and testing results show promise toward developing a new category of face masks for healthcare professionals and general consumers, said Bruce Lorange, Founder, and CEO, O2TODAY. Face masks used by healthcare workers today can capture virus particles, but the virus can remain viable in the mask, even as long 7 days after use. Inclusion of silicon nitride technology into the mask may enhance personal safety while reducing the risk of disease spread.

This antiviral discovery opens many new opportunities for SINTX. In composites, coatings, and mixtures, silicon nitride has maintained its antibacterial and osteogenic properties, even at small fractions. We believe that incorporating our material into a variety of commonly-touched surfaces will discourage viral spread, and contribute to global health by reducing the risk of disease, Dr. Bal added.

The present study was done independently, with SINTX supplying its silicon nitride for the testing. The complete data and study can be downloaded at bioRxiv. Additional tests are underway at several U.S. research centers to further understand the isolation and optimization of the antiviral properties of silicon nitride; those results will be shared as they become available.

About SINTX Technologies, Inc.

SINTX Technologies is an OEM ceramics company that develops and commercializes silicon nitride for medical and non-medical applications. The core strength of SINTX Technologies is the manufacturing, research, and development of silicon nitride ceramics for external partners. The Company manufactures silicon nitride material and components in its FDA registered and ISO 13485 certified facility. For more information on SINTX Technologies or its silicon nitride material platform, please visit http://www.sintx.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended (PSLRA) that are subject to several risks and uncertainties. Risks and uncertainties that may cause such differences to include, among other things, that SINTX has not developed any PPE products which incorporate the use of silicon nitride, incorporation of silicon nitride into PPE may not be safe or effective; the uncertainties inherent in research and development, including the cost and time required to advance our products to regulatory submission; market acceptance of our products once cleared and commercialized; our ability to raise additional funding and other competitive developments. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made and reflect managements current estimates, projections, expectations, and beliefs. There can be no assurance that any of the anticipated results will occur on a timely basis or at all due to certain risks and uncertainties, a discussion of which can be found in SINTXs Risk Factors disclosure in its Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on March 26, 2020, and in SINTXs other filings with the SEC. SINTX disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements. SINTX undertakes no obligation to publicly revise or update the forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date of this report.

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Impact of the Proportion of Biopsy Positive Core in Predicting Biochemical Recurrence in Patients with Pathological Pt2 and Negative Resection Margin…

This study aimed to determine the prognostic factors associated with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with pathological T2 (pT2) prostate cancer (PCa) and negative resection margin (RM) status at a single institution. In this retrospective study, we examined 386 patients who were diagnosed with pT2 PCa with negative RM after RP. The length of the tumor was provided for each biopsy core and the overall percentage of PCa was calculated by a pathologist at our institution. We estimated the BCR-free survival (BRFS) in these patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazard model to determine the risk factors of BCR. The median age of the participants was 68years, and their initial prostate-specific antigen level was 6.55ng/mL. The median follow-up period was 85.7months. The 5-year BRFS rate of the participants was 89.0%. The 5-year BRFS rates were 89.8% in patients with a biopsy Gleason score of 6, 90.4% in those with 7, and 64.1% in those with 8 (P=0.007). The BRFS rate was 93.3% in patients who had a biopsy positive core 20% and 82.0% in those who had 21% (P=0.001). Based on the multivariate analysis, the proportion of biopsy positive core was significantly associated with BCR. The proportion of biopsy positive core may predict preoperative covariates in patients with pT2 PCa and negative RM status after RP.

Pathology oncology research : POR. 2020 Jan 08 [Epub ahead of print]

Masaaki Oikawa, Toshikazu Tanaka, Takuma Narita, Daisuke Noro, Hiromichi Iwamura, Yuki Tobisawa, Tohru Yoneyama, Hirotake Kodama, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Takuya Koie, Chikara Ohyama

Department of Urology, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, 041-8680, Japan., Department of Urology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, 030-8553, Japan., Department of Urology, Hirosaki National Hospital, Hirosaki, 036-8545, Japan., Department of Urology, Mutsu General Hospital, Mutsu, 035-8601, Japan., Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute, Aomori, 038-0003, Japan., Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan., Department of Urology, Tsugaru General Hospital, Goshogawara, 037-0074, Japan., Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagito 1-1, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. .

PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31916185

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Impact of the Proportion of Biopsy Positive Core in Predicting Biochemical Recurrence in Patients with Pathological Pt2 and Negative Resection Margin...

Global Warming Potentially Impacts Processes Responsible for Biodiversity – AZoCleantech

Written by AZoCleantechJan 24 2020

Considering the present situation of climate change, an international research team has performed a new study that highlights the adverse, potential impact of global warming on processes responsible for biodiversity.

This was one of the conclusions of the international study, led by scientists from the Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM) and Pablo de Olavide University (UPO).

The study explores the mechanisms that contribute to the evolutionary success of Carexone of the three largest genera of flowering plants in the world. The outcomes indicate that this evolutionary success is associated with the planets comparatively cold climate during the last 10 million years. This climatic condition favored the colonization of novel ecosystems and territories.

Carex is a class of herbs that belong to the sedge family (Cyperaceae), a family that also features popular species like tiger nut or papyrus. So far, over 2000 Carex species have been found throughout the world, inhabiting an extensive range of ecosystems. These species can be found from the coasts to the highest mountains and to the poles of the tropics, even though they are invariably connected to regions with cold and temperate climatic conditions.

In a majority of the areas, particularly in the northern hemisphere, the Carex species belong to a part of specific types of dominant vegetation and play an important ecological role in habitats as diverse as peat bogs, wetlands, grasslands, tundra, forest understories, or lake and river borders. These plants are also a vital source of food for various herbivorous mammals and waterfowl, and a few of them have nutritional or medicinal properties that are leveraged by human beings.

The research looked at the analysis of the causes that contributed to the huge diversity of the Carex species and eventually concluded that climate cooling was the major factor behind their speciation.

The study is the first to deal with global distribution patterns and diversification of a megadiverse genus of plants and suggests that not only is climate warming causing the extinction of species, but also could negatively affect the processes that generate them.

Santiago Martn-Bravo, Study Main Co-Author and Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Engineering, Universidad Pablo De Olavide

In this research, a combination of fossil and genetic data was used to expose the causes of the global diversification of Carex species. The study demonstrated that this kind of genus evolved in Asia, from where it was able to colonize areas worldwide and also different ecological niches, which is indeed remarkable. While this process was ongoing, Carex species have been evidently favored by the cold global climate that persisted for the last 10 million years.

This can be seen by the harmony of regional cooling events like Pleistocene glaciations or the freezing of Antarctica, and the large emergence of Carex species in areas impacted by these climatic changes, for example, New Zealand or North America.

The studys conclusions offer a wide general interest to figure out when, why, and how species were produced. Such conclusions can also help in understanding the causes of the non-uniform distribution of species, and particularly the role played by the global climate as a driver of the genesis of biodiversity.

These questions are particularly significant in the current context of climate crisis and mass extinction of species, which emphasizes the need to know and understand how nature responds to the climate if we are to preserve and manage it in a sustainable way.

Pedro Jimnez-Mejas, Study Main Co-Author and Researcher, Department of Biology, University of Madrid

The research appeared on the cover of the November issue of the Journal of Systematics and Evolution, an international scientific journal.

The study indicates the culmination of over 10 years of work that started with the postdoctoral project of Jimnez-Meja. Developed in the United States, this project has allowed international association between a group of evolutionary botanists and biologists from institutions located in 10 countries, among which the United States and Spain (with scientists from the Royal Botanic Gardens in Madrid, Autonomous of Madrid and Seville, and Pablo de Olavide universities) stand out.

Source: https://www.upo.es/portal/impe/web/portada?lang=en

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Global Warming Potentially Impacts Processes Responsible for Biodiversity - AZoCleantech

Battle of the Bands winners mix hard work with passion – Daily Trojan Online

Lori Loughlins Lonely Hearts Club Band, featuring musicians JP Dabu, Niles Miller, Joe Aleshaiker and Bruno Pita (right to left), beat out the competiton at Ground Zeros annual Battle of the Bands. (Photo courtesy of JP Dabu)

What do you get when a biochemistry major, a journalism major, a business major and a civil engineering graduate start a band? It sounds like the beginning of a bad joke, but the four members of Lori Loughlins Lonely Hearts Club Band have proven otherwise. On Oct. 25, they competed against three other groups at USCs Battle of the Bands and won a $300 Amazon gift card as a testimony to their talent.

Lead vocalist and keyboardist Joseph Dabu, or JP, was scrolling through his Instagram feed when he saw the application for the contest. He immediately contacted his high school friend Bruno Pita, a biochemistry graduate student at UCLA who plays the bass. Pita then contacted fellow Bruin Joe Aleshaiker, a recent alumnus and civil engineering major.

Lastly, Dabu reached out to Niles Miller, a junior majoring in business of cinematic arts who he met at Remedy Through Music, a student organization dedicated to visiting local hospitals and retirement homes and playing songs for the patients, nurses and visitors.

Before they even started playing, what first characterized their personality was their groups name witty, original and just a little bit controversial.

We couldnt come up with a name. We had a placeholder name [The Rivals] which was terrible, Pita said. I was actually ashamed of going up on stage like that I couldnt think of anything that was acceptable, Pita said.

On the last day the band was able to change its name for the competition, Pita desperately pulled up the Los Angeles Times and saw a headline about Lori Loughlins indictment. A lightbulb went off in his head. The alliteration of the three Ls was brilliant, and the callback to the quintessential Beatles album worked perfectly.

Its funny because both Bruno and Joe are from UCLA and Niles and I are from USC, Dabu said.

But Pita hopes no ones feelings were hurt.

I like to think of it as making your food spicy, Pita said. It might sting a bit but it makes the food more interesting to eat.

Although the spice in their name is certainly ear-catching, the food or in this case, their music is what kept the audience enthralled and eventually led them to victory. Their renditions of Dont Let Me Down, Something and Somebody to Love showcased their skills as musicians and proved that you dont have to major in music to find your passion in music.

Aleshaiker is living proof of this. Since graduating, he has been working on his music full time.

Ive been playing since I was 9 years old, so its always been a passion of mine, he said. For me at least, its definitely a big part of my life.

Likewise, Miller, the bands drummer, said his passion for music has always been present in his life. He learned to play the djembe and bongos with his dad and went on to play percussion and drums in middle school and high school.

I did do jazz ensemble for about a year, but then I stopped because it was too much with my current workload, Miller said. However, he still considers playing the drums a great passion.

Pita, on the other hand, only started playing music his junior year, learning to play the piano on an iPad app and eventually picking up the guitar. But unlike his bandmates, Pita mostly sees the instrument as a stress-relieving hobby.

Thats how we actually started jamming together, he was just so hyped I think to have someone that played with him, Pita said.

Even though Lori Loughlins Lonely Hearts dont identify as a Beatles cover band, the undertone and general respect for the iconic group is clear in their bands style, and each member identifies with an individual Beatle.

Im George, 100%, Aleshaiker said. I feel like George is always kind of in the background but is always contributing.

The other three have yet to reach some consensus. Bruno says hes a Paul because he plays the bass and sings the higher harmonies. Dabu says hes a Paul because hes left-handed. And although one might be tempted to call the drum player a Ringo, Miller objected.

I decided to leave it up to the BuzzFeed quiz on there, Miller said. And I got that Im a Paul!

Even though Lori Loughlins Lonely Hearts Club Band started out as a one-time performance, their win at Battle of the Bands was a definite confidence booster.

There was a lot of good competition, so I was actually kind of surprised that we won, Aleshaiker said.

Dabu agreed and lauded the other three bands they competed against.

We just banded together in September and the other bands Im sure, had been established, and probably were practicing more often than we were, he said.

But Natalie Williams, a freshman majoring in art who attended Battle of the Bands, dismisses their humble remarks.

I wasnt really surprised they won, she said. They had a lot of energy and were really hyped up. It was obvious they practiced a lot.

In the end, it wasnt just their hard work but their passion for music indisputably paid off.

We just wanted to have a good time, Dabu said. Im glad we did that.

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Meet Silicon Valley’s own Willy Wonka and his chocolate-making robot – Palo Alto Online

Only in Silicon Valley does a longtime tech startup founder find a second career in a chocolate-making robot.

Nate Saal studied molecular biophysics and biochemistry at Yale University after graduating from Palo Alto High School in 1990. After returning to Palo Alto, he quickly shifted from science to the internet, founding what he says was the first web-based software updating service in 1996. He went on to start more technology companies and later worked for CNET and Cisco.

But these days, he's immersed in chocolate -- specifically, chocolate made by a countertop device that he created called CocoTerra. The sleek white device, which looks like a large, futuristic coffee maker, uses algorithms, hardware and a smartphone app to transform cocoa nibs, milk powder, cocoa powder and sugar into chocolate in about two hours.

Saal has high hopes for the machine, which has yet to be released. In the age of automation, where robots are making pizza and ramen and delivering our food, he sees CocoTerra as doing something different: using technology to deepen rather than disrupt people's connection to how their food is made.

"We're not trying to slap technology for technology's sake on top of that to abstract it away, to take creativity away," he said. "We're trying to actually create a whole new category of people who can now make chocolate."

While Saal's professional career has focused on technology, he has always filled his weekends with homegrown food experiments, like keeping bees and growing grapes and olives to make wine and olive oil from scratch. He's fascinated by the "deep science" of these activities.

Making chocolate, however, was not in his repertoire. It wasn't until he took his brother-in-law, who works in the coffee business, to a chocolate tasting several years ago, and a conversation about the similarities between the two industries got him thinking. His brother hypothesized that home coffee machines have allowed more people to understand and appreciate coffee in a way that chocolate hasn't experienced. People did make chocolate at home, but it was a lengthy process that required having several expensive appliances, he found.

"There's a bread machine, an ice cream maker and a juicer and a pasta maker and a tea brewer and a coffee maker -- every major food category has a home appliance. What I discovered very quickly was there is no such thing (for chocolate)," Saal said.

He educated himself by going to chocolate-making classes, including a boot camp at Madre Chocolate in Hawaii. Back in Palo Alto, he and a team got to work designing a device that could combine all steps in the chocolate-making process -- grinding, refining, conching, tempering and molding -- in one machine. It typically grinds the single-origin cocoa nibs for about half an hour, using stainless steel balls, then refines the cocoa butter, sugar and milk powder. Conching is the "slow manipulation or agitation of chocolate at elevated temperatures to help drive off some undesired flavors," said Chief Operating Officer Karen Alter. Named for conch shell-shaped equipment, this is part of the process is often on display during chocolate factory tours, she said, with large vats that have paddles slowly moving liquid chocolate.

The next step, tempering, involves cooling the ingredients to a specific temperature that will create a specific structure of seed crystal in the cocoa butter molecules, Saal enthusiastically explained. The crystals solidify, creating shiny, hard chocolate. A patented centrifuge inside the machine cools and spins the chocolate to remove bubbles.

The final result is a ring-shaped, half-pound mold of chocolate, rather than the traditional rectangular bar.

On the back end, technology allows a level of customization that CocoTerra's creators hope will make the device as appealing for experts as for novices. A cloud-based recipe system, accessible online or via an app, guides you from start to finish in a recipe. People can either default to CocoTerra's recipes, such as 62% dark chocolate or milk chocolate with almonds, or customize them, from level of sweetness and creaminess, to added flavors and ingredients, to the tempering temperature. People can easily control for allergies or dietary restrictions.

CocoTerra will sell the base ingredients directly to customers, focusing on fair trade, ethically grown nibs, or people can use their own. Those who are advanced enough to roast and shell their own cacao beans could still do that, put them into the machine and then create their own recipes.

Producing quality chocolate in two hours is "jaw-dropping" to many in the chocolate industry, Saal said.

"I thought they were totally crazy when I first talked to them on the phone," John Scharffenberger told CNBC. Scharffenberger, who co-founded Scharffen Berger in San Francisco in 1997 before small batch, artisan chocolate was a thing, is now a CocoTerra investor and calls it "a natural extension of the craft chocolate movement."

The company won't disclose a price for the machine, which they claim is the world's first tabletop chocolate maker. CocoTerra has raised more than $2 million in investments and is now focused on a larger round to fund the release of the device.

"This is about the evolution of technology to make chocolate. But it's also making it accessible," Saal said. "We're bringing that to people by using smart mechanical engineering and software to make it accessible so that you can actually now focus on things like the flavor and recipe and the look and the design and the craft of it."

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Meet Silicon Valley's own Willy Wonka and his chocolate-making robot - Palo Alto Online

Astrobiologist talks about the possibility of invisible aliens, suggests the existence of silicon-based life form – International Business Times,…

NASA intern who found unpredicted type of Northern Lights

It was around a few days back that Dr Helen Sharman, who visited the Soviet Mir space station in May 1991, suggested the possibility of invisible alien forms that might be living among us on the earth. Now, Samantha Rolfe, a Lecturer in Astrobiology and Principal Technical Officer at Bayfordbury Observatory, University of Hertfordshire has talked about the possibility of alternate biochemistry, and the way in which this unknown biochemistry supports alien life.

Silicon-based alien life?

Rolfe made these comments in her recent article on The Conversation. In her article, Rolfe revealed that life may exist in a shadow biosphere, and due to limitations in modern technology, humans have not explored it.

"Life would exist in a "shadow biosphere". By that, I don't mean a ghost realm, but undiscovered creatures probably with different biochemistry. This means we can't study or even notice them because they are outside of our comprehension. Assuming it exists, such a shadow biosphere would probably be microscopic," wrote Rolfe.

As per Rolfe, silicon-based life could explain the existence of invisible alien life, as it is very similar to carbon, and has four electrons available for creating bonds with other atoms. "A popular suggestion for alternative biochemistry is one based on silicon rather than carbon. It makes sense, even from a geocentric point of view. Around 90% of the Earth is made up of silicon, iron, magnesium, and oxygen, which means there are lots to go around for building potential life," added Rolfe.

Rolfe believes that silicon-based aliens might be thriving on Saturn's moon Titan, or in other exoplanets. She also urged experts to think outside of the terrestrial biology box to detect such alien life forms.

Did advanced aliens visit earth?

However, Samantha Rolfe does not think advanced aliens that are technologically more advanced have visited the earth from the deep nooks of the universe. However, she made it clear that alien life forms might be harboring somewhere as carbon-based molecules were discovered on meteorites.

In the meantime, NASA chief scientist Dr Jim Green had recently predicted that alien life forms at least in its microbial form will be discovered on Mars within 2021. He also made it clear that humanity is not ready to accept the realities surrounding extraterrestrial existence.

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Astrobiologist talks about the possibility of invisible aliens, suggests the existence of silicon-based life form - International Business Times,...

Global Market Study on Biochemistry Analyzers: Clinical Diagnostics Application Segment Projected to Retain Its … – PR Newswire (press release)

LONDON, May 29, 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- About the Report

Persistence Market Research in its latest report titled 'Biochemistry Analyzers Market: Global Industry Analysis and Forecast, 2016-2024' has presented a comprehensive research on the competition landscape in the global biochemistry analyzers market. The competition landscape portion of the global biochemistry analyzers market report begins by introducing the readers of the report to the company share analysis of all the important players operating in the global biochemistry analyzers market. This section of the report gives the breakup of the market share of all the key players operating in the global biochemistry analyzers market and observes that the market is highly fragmented owing to the presence of various companies, especially domestic players, in the global biochemistry analyzers market. In the subsequent section of the report, a competition dashboard is presented, which supplies information on various key players operating in the global biochemistry analyzers market; such as product offerings, regional presence and most important of all, strategies adopted by the key market players in order to succeed in the global biochemistry analyzers market. This kind of information is important for any new entrants or established players operating in the global biochemistry analyzers market as it provides insights on the kind of strategies being adopted by the leading market players so that they can emulate their success and also gauge the effectiveness of such strategies in different regions of the global biochemistry analyzers market.

Download the full report: https://www.reportbuyer.com/product/4921067/

In the subsequent sections of the competition landscape, individual information is supplied on the various key players operating in the global biochemistry analyzers market. The kind of information that is given includes company details, company description, product offerings, key financial information and key developments pertaining to the company. In addition, a strategic overview of the companies is also given that provides valuable information regarding the direction that the company is taking with respect to the market in the coming few years and how this will impact the global biochemistry analyzers market. Last but not the least, a SWOT analysis of all the key market players is also given in the competition landscape that provides deep insights regarding the key market players operating in the global biochemistry analyzers market and how the key market players are going to shape up the global market in the future with regards to their strengths and weaknesses and how they utilize the opportunities provided to them and tackle the various market threats and challenges.

Besides this, in the beginning of the report, a market forecast is given that comprises three scenarios, namely the conservative scenario, the likely scenario and the optimistic scenario. All of these three scenarios will result in different market numbers and growth rates and the report gives information why a particular scenario has been chosen as the most likely scenario in the global biochemistry analyzers market and also gives information regarding the other scenarios that may change the market forecasts, if at all, and the magnitude of the change on the forecasted market numbers and growth rates. Besides this, a section on regional biochemistry analyzers market volume (Unit Mn) analysis and forecast by product type, 2016-2024 is also given that provides an overview of the volume share in the regional biochemistry analyzers market and which region is the largest, most lucrative and fastest growing in terms of volume so that correct decisions pertaining to the global biochemistry analyzers market are taken. In addition, there is a section of the report devoted to the fully and semi-automated biochemistry analyzers price forecast by region, 2015 & 2024. This section of the report gives a price overview of the market region wise, so that important decisions on market growth and expansion can be taken by the players who wish to operate in the biochemistry analyzers market.

Another important and attractive feature of the global biochemistry analyzers report present by Persistence Market Research is the inclusion of PEST analysis. The detailed PEST analysis provided in the report gives all the important political, economic, social and technological aspects governing the global biochemistry analyzers market so that readers are fully aware of all the important factors that directly or indirectly affect the growth of the biochemistry analyzers market globally. Besides, information about the Laboratory Accreditation: Internal Quality Control (IQC), Laboratory Accreditation: External Quality Assessment Scheme (EQAS) are also given, adding more value to the report. Important guidelines by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) are provided to enable readers to get an idea about the nuances of the global biochemistry analyzers market.

Also, in addition to all the above, the biochemistry analyzers market report contains an executive summary and also market definitions and the market taxonomy. Macroeconomic factors affecting the global biochemistry analyzers market along with the demand side drivers and supply side drivers are also given in order to give a deep overview of the global biochemistry analyzers market. Besides, restraints impacting the market along with opportunities and trends shaping up the biochemistry analyzers market also given to further add value to the report. The global biochemistry analyzers market analysis and forecast by product type, by end user, by modality, and by region is also given. This section of the report contains valuable information like Basis Point Share (BPS) analysis, Y-o-Y growth projections and market attractiveness analysis to provide in-depth insights into the global biochemistry analyzers market.

Market Segmentation

By Product Type

Semi-automated Biochemistry Analyzer Fully Automated Biochemistry Analyzer

By Application

Clinical Diagnostics Bioreactor Byproduct Detection Drug Development Applications Others

By Modality

Bench-top Floor standing

By End User

Hospitals Diagnostic Centers Pharmaceutical Companies Biotechnology Companies Academic Research Institutes Contract Research Organizations Academic Research Institutes

By Region

North America Latin America Europe Asia Pacific Download the full report: https://www.reportbuyer.com/product/4921067/

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Global Market Study on Biochemistry Analyzers: Clinical Diagnostics Application Segment Projected to Retain Its ... - PR Newswire (press release)

Bitop ‘made in Germany’ actives secures US distribution with Mibelle Biochemistry – CosmeticsDesign-Europe.com

Mibelle Biochemistry and Bitop, two cosmetics active ingredients manufacturers, have signed an exclusive distribution agreement for the US market.

The move will see Germany-based Bitop expanding itis global market presence, with Mibelle Biochemistry set to to supply Bitops actives from its US-based customer service centre, in White Plains New York.

By the terms of the agreement, Mibelle will process orders, provide customer service and coordinate US communications with Bitops international headquarters in Witten, Germany.

We are very happy and pleased about this co-operation, said Bitops CEO, Daniel Berger. With Mibelle Biochemistry, we have found a distribution partner who reflects our aspirations in excellent customer service.

United in values

Berger explained in a statement on the deal that Bitop and Mibelle Biochemistry share key values that will encourage the success of the new partnership, and expressed the companys anticipation of a stronger international profile in light of the deal.

Bitop and Mibelle Biochemsitry are both manufacturers of high quality actives. We share the same quality standards."

The CEO also hinted at ambitions to expand further once the actives manufacture has established itself within the US market.

Partnering with a manufacturer like Mibelle Biochemisyry is a grea opportunity for us to expand our market presence and visibility in the USA. Their US sales team is excellent and very well known in the market. This allows us to ensure the best possible technical support on site for our customers and further expansion, he confirmed.

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Bitop 'made in Germany' actives secures US distribution with Mibelle Biochemistry - CosmeticsDesign-Europe.com

Students Honored by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology – The Wesleyan Argus

This April, at the annual meeting for the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB) in Chicago, University seniors Jennifer Cascino, Kaileen Fei, Julianne Riggs, Rachel Savage, and Stacy Uchendu were inducted into the ASBMB Honor Society.

The ASBMB Honor Society () recognizes exceptional undergraduate juniors and seniors pursuing degrees in the molecular life sciences at colleges or universities with ASBMB Student Chapters, the societys website reads. Students are recognized for their scholarly achievement, research accomplishments, and outreach activities.

In order to be nominated for the honor society, students must maintain a minimum GPA of 3.4, conduct extensive research, and receive several recommendations from professors or advisors.Riggs and Cascino were eligible for induction, in part, due to their work in Professor of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Scott Holmes.

We [studied]organization of DNA in the yeast genome, specifically the role of proteins known as histones in gene expression and genomic stability, Riggs explained in an email to The Argus. I stayed the summers of 2015 and 2016, which were super fun and productive times. I got the ASBMB Undergraduate Research award the spring of my junior year and that helped fund me to attend the Genetics Society of America conference in Orlando in the summer of 2016 and the ASBMB Experimental Biology meeting this April in Chicago.

Along with working in Professor Holmes lab, Cascino spent a summer at the National Cancer Institute researching the genetics of viral control of host physiology in E. coli. Despite her variousinteresting experiences, Cascino says she most enjoyed the time she has spent working with younger students.

I was a course assistant for Intro Biology Lab and had a class of 14 students that I got to teach and lead through what was most of their first laboratory experiences, Cascino said. This year I have also been participating in Wesleyan Science Outreach, which is a club that coordinates volunteers to give science demonstrations at local elementary schools. I absolutely love working with the kids and seeing those moments when they start to think critically about the world around them and to get curious about exploring its limits.

Her work has opened the door to future career opportunities as well; after graduation, she is headed to Spain on a Fulbright Grant that will allow her to work at theCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncolgicas (CNIO), or National Cancer Research Center.

Both students said that it was an honor to be inducted. This year, membership was only extended to 41 students.

Along with the honor society inductees, two other students from the University, juniors Christine Little and Cody Hecht,were honored,receiving research grants of $1,000 each. Theseawards will help their fund summer research.

For more information about the inductees, visitwww.asbmb.org/education/honorsociety.

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Students Honored by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - The Wesleyan Argus

Scientists watch fat metabolism in live fish, observe real-time lipid biochemistry – Phys.Org

May 8, 2017 A live image of the liver of a translucent, larval zebrafish. It was taken using confocal microscopy, which allows for clear images of the internal organs of a whole live animal. Quinlivan fed a fluorescently tagged fatty acid to a larval zebrafish and then photographed its liver at 400x magnification. The round dots of varying sizes are lipid droplets, which contain a kind of fat called triglyceride. These triglycerides were constructed using the fluorescent fat consumed by the larval zebrafish. Fluorescence also shows up in the gallbladder (GB) and developing kidney (K). Credit: Vanessa Quinlivan

Studying how our bodies metabolize lipids such as fatty acids, triglycerides, and cholesterol can teach us about cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other health problems, as well as reveal basic cellular functions. But the process of studying what happens to lipids after being consumed has been both technologically difficult and expensive to accomplish until now.

New work from Carnegie's Steven Farber and his graduate student Vanessa Quinlivan debuts a method using fluorescent tagging to visualize and help measure lipids in real time as they are metabolized by living fish. Their work is published by the Journal of Lipid Research.

"Lipids play a vital role in cellular function, because they form the membranes that surround each cell and many of the structures inside of it," Quinlivan said. "They are also part of the crucial makeup of hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, which transmit messages between cells."

Unlike proteins, the recipes for different lipid-containing molecules are not precisely encoded by DNA sequences. A cell may receive a genetic signal to build a lipid for a certain cellular purpose, but the exact type may not be indicated with a high degree of specificity.

Instead, lipid molecules are built from an array of building blocks whose combinations can change depending on the type of food we eat. However, lipid compositions vary between cells and cellular structures within the same organism, so diet isn't the only factor determining which lipids are manufactured.

"Understanding the balancing act in what makes up our bodies' lipidsbetween availability based on what we're eating and genetic guidanceis very important to cell biologists," Farber explained. "There is growing evidence that these differences can affect wide arrays of cellular processes."

For example, omega-3 fatty acids, which are lipid building blocks found in foods like salmon and walnuts, are known to be especially good for heart and liver health. There is evidence that when people eat omega-3 fatty acids, the cellular membranes into which they are incorporated are less likely to overreact to signals from the immune system than membranes comprised of other kinds of lipids. This has an anti-inflammatory effect that could prevent heart or liver disease.

Farber and Quinlivan's method allowed them to delve into these kinds of connections. They were able to tag different kinds of lipids, feed them to live zebrafish, and then watch what the fish did with them.

"If we fed the fish a specific type of fat, our technique allowed us to determine into what molecules these lipids were reassembled after they were broken down in the small intestine and in which organs and cells these molecules ended up," Farber explained.

The tags they used were fluorescent. So Farber and Quinlivan and their team were actually able to see the fats that they fed their zebrafish glowing under the microscope as they were broken down and reassembled into new molecules in different organs. Further experiments allowed them to learn into what types of molecules the broken down fat components were incorporated.

"Being able to do microscopy and biochemistry in the same experiment made it easier to understand the biological meaning of our results," Quinlivan said. "We hope our method will allow us to make further breakthroughs in lipid biochemistry going forward."

Explore further: Link found between types of lipid metabolism and species lifespan

An international team of researchers has found a link between types of lipid metabolism in different species and differing lifespans. In their paper published in the journal Scientific Reports, the team describes their study ...

Two immune responses are important for recovery after a heart attackan acute inflammatory response that attracts leukocyte immune cells to remove dead tissue, followed by a resolving response that allows healing.

New work led by Carnegie's Steven Farber sheds light on how form follows function for intestinal cells responding to high-fat foods that are rich in cholesterol and triglycerides. Their findings are published in the Journal ...

As cells age and stop dividing, their fat content changes, along with the way they produce and break down fat and other molecules classified as lipids, according to a new University at Buffalo study.

A special spectrometry method that is normally used in analyses of computer chips, lacquers and metals has been further developed at the University of Gothenburg so that it can help researchers better detect harmful cells ...

Could controlling cell-membrane fat play a key role in turning off disease?

Plutonium has long been part of many countries' nuclear energy strategies, but scientists are still unlocking the mysteries behind this complicated element and seeing how they can use heavier, nuclear elements to clean up ...

A new process for water filtration using carbon dioxide consumes one thousand times less energy than conventional methods, scientific research published recently has shown.

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"Electrical" bacteria are the key ingredient in a new process developed by the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory that recycles wastewater from biofuel production to generate hydrogen. The hydrogen can then ...

An international team of researchers from the University of Rome Tor Vergata and the University of Montreal has reported, in a paper published this week in Nature Communications, the design and synthesis of a nanoscale molecular ...

(Phys.org)A team of researchers from the Paul Scherrer Institut and ETH Zurich, both in Switzerland, has developed a one-step process that uses water to convert methane to methanol. In their paper published in the journal ...

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Scientists watch fat metabolism in live fish, observe real-time lipid biochemistry - Phys.Org

Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzers Market Key … – Digital Journal – Digital Journal

This press release was orginally distributed by SBWire

Albany, NY -- (SBWIRE) -- 05/19/2017 -- Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzers Market: Overview

Veterinary biochemistry analyzers enable testing to be performed quickly and accurately for immediate diagnosis and health check for animals. They are also used in emergency situation, and routine testing. Increasing incidences of disease outbreak in animals and technological advancements are expected to drive the veterinary biochemistry analyzers market. Additionally, growing awareness regarding animal health and rise in investment opportunities together form strong market prospects for veterinary biochemistry analyzers, especially in the developing countries.

View Report @ http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/veterinary-biochemistry-analyzers-market.html

The threats such as foot and mouth disease (FMD), as well as agents that affect animals and humans, such as bovine tuberculosis and paratuberculosis, anthrax, avian influenza, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and West Nile virus are responsible for rise in importance of need for veterinary disease diagnostics eventually propelling the market growth.

Most veterinary laboratories typically provide a basic panel of tests. The veterinary biochemistry analysis may be performed in-house at the veterinarian's clinic or at a specialized test facility in another location depending on the need of test type to be performed as well as availability of equipment in that particular facility. Advancements in the analyzers technology is anticipated to fuel fueled the market growth due to the availability of faster and cheaper microchips with increase in acceptance level of pet owners for laboratory testing.

Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzers Market: Segmentation

The global veterinary biochemistry analyzers market can be segmented on the basis of product type, test type, animal type, end-users and geography. Test types include clinical chemistry, critical care and blood gases, electrolytes, glucose, lactate and blood and urine tests. Other tests include: tests for anemia, endocrine function; cancer, viral pathogens such as calicivirus (CaCV), canine adenovirus type-1 (CAV-1), coronavirus, adenovirus, parvovirus, rotavirus, rabies, West Nile Virus, etc.; and bacteria and parasites such as E. coli, heartworm, cryptosporidia, hookworm, leptospirosis, leishmania, Lyme disease, tapeworm and roundworm. Chemical analysis of urine may include determination of specific gravity and pH level, measurement of the amount of glucose, protein, or fragmented blood cells, assisting in identification of injury, disease, or defects.

Analysis of the numbers and structure of blood cells is important in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease and infection. Blood samples are usually taken by the veterinarian or a veterinary technician for analysis. Product types include fully automated analyzers, semi-automated analyzers, hematology analyzers, urine analyzers amongst others.

End-users segment includes veterinary clinics, pet hospitals and animal research institutes. Companion animal and farm animal form two segments for animal type.

Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzers Market: Region-wise Outlook

Geographically, the veterinary biochemistry analyzers market across the globe can be segmented into four major regions, namely, North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Rest of the World. North America is expected to lead the market with maximum share followed by Europe attributed to the increasing companion animal population and positive trends towards healthcare expenditure for animals in these regions.

Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzers Market: Key Entities

Major players contributing to the global veterinary biochemistry analyzers comprise Abaxis,Inc., Heska, Diagno-Vision Products Corporation, Idexx Laboratories, Inc., Mindray Medical International Limited, Neogen Corporation, Thermo Fischer Scientific, Virbac SA, Woodley Equipment Company Ltd., Zoetis, Inc.

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Univerities such as the University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (VDL), which is fully accredited by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, provide quality diagnostic services such as bacteriology, necropsy, electron microscopy, serology, clinical chemistry, histopathology, endocrinology, virology, immunohistochemistry, parasitology, toxicology and molecular diagnostics. VDL is also engaged in training future diagnosticians and veterinarians.

For more information on this press release visit: http://www.sbwire.com/press-releases/veterinary-biochemistry-analyzers-market-key-trends-industry-forecast-2023-808303.htm

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Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzers Market Key ... - Digital Journal - Digital Journal

2 alumni to present at Lubbock Christian U’s Scholars Colloquium – LubbockOnline.com

Two Lubbock Christian University alumni, as well as several undergraduate students and faculty, are presenting at the LCU Scholars Colloquium on Thursday and Friday.

The Scholars Colloquium serves as a forum for undergraduate research and scholarly presentations by LCU students.

Matt Joyner, another LCU alumnus and assistant professor of biochemistry at Pepperdine University, teaches biochemistry and investigates the chemical and pharmacological properties of native medicinal plants used by local American Indians. His presentation will be offered in the Baker Conference Center at 10:45 a.m. on Friday.

The colloquium has become a grand tradition of honoring our students and faculty for their research, and a way to show the larger community that the academic quest at LCU is strong and vibrant, said Stacy Patty, director of LCUs Honors Program and a professor of religion.

Crystal Silva-McCormick, a graduate of LCU and a doctoral candidate in Interfaith Relations at the Lutheran School of Theology in Chicago, will be addressing issues of injustice, particularly among those poor and marginalized in society, and how poverty is interrelated to both injustice and economic disadvantages. Her presentation is scheduled for Thursday at 7 p.m., and it will be given in the Collier Auditorium in the Talkington Center for Nursing Education.

In addition to the keynote addresses, there will be more than 90 presentations and posters during the Scholars Colloquium, a combination of seniors doing capstone projects and other students presenting findings from their scholarly research at the undergraduate level. LCU faculty will also make research presentations.

All presentations are free and open to the public. Please see lcu.edu/scholars for the full Scholars Colloquium schedule.

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2 alumni to present at Lubbock Christian U's Scholars Colloquium - LubbockOnline.com

Women’s Golf: August Kim puts the "Student" and the "Athlete" in "Student Athlete" – Purdue Exponent

Biochemist, team captain, Big Ten champion: womens golfer August Kim has worn a number of hats in her time at Purdue.

Now a senior, Kim will graduate this spring with a degree in Biochemistry. Yes, a division I college athlete studying Biochemistry.

Lots of late nights and doing homework on the road, Kim said. But I wouldnt trade it for the world, Im very happy with my choices here.

Coming into the team at a time when there were no other seniors to now being the sole senior on the team has been an experience. She took on leadership roles with the team during her junior year.

Because were such a small team, the leadership kind of melds through all the girls, she said. Everyone is a very important part of the equation.

In addition to her impressive academic record, Kim is one of the most decorated womens golfers in Purdue history. She won the Big Ten championship as a junior and received All-Big Ten honors in 2016 and 2017, and received the Big Ten Medal of Honor.

Her favorite memories with the team are more than just winning tournaments and playing well; theyre also in the bonds shes built.

Just being a part of this team, the culture my team and I have worked really hard to cultivate over the past couple of years, she said.

Kim will remain at Purdue after graduation to compete with the seventh-seeded Boilermakers in the Big Ten Womens Golf Regional on May 8-10, after which she plans to join the WPGA circuit.

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Women's Golf: August Kim puts the "Student" and the "Athlete" in "Student Athlete" - Purdue Exponent

North Andover resident receives tenure at Merrimack College – Wicked Local North Andover

Merrimack College President Christopher E. Hopey recently announced the awarding of tenure to Jimmy Franco, of North Andover, an associate professor in the chemistry and biochemistry department.

Franco was recently granted tenure and promoted from assistant to associate professor in the chemistry and biochemistry department at Merrimack. Franco completed his undergraduate work at Beloit College, where he earned a degree in chemistry before earning a doctorate in chemistry at the University of California, Davis. Before joining Merrimack, Franco was a visiting professor at the University of Toledo in Ohio.

Francos research is focused on the areas of medicinal chemistry and chemical education. The medicinal chemistry aspect of his work focuses on neglected diseases such as tuberculosis and histoplasmosis. His group uses a combination of organic synthesis, biochemistry and computational chemistry to identify novel therapeutics for these diseases. In the area of chemical education, Franco works to identify engaging pedagogical methods in chemistry and biochemistry. Franco credits undergraduate student researchers for their integral roles in both areas of research with a number of their contributions being acknowledged as co-authors on peer reviewed publications and presentations.

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North Andover resident receives tenure at Merrimack College - Wicked Local North Andover

Scientist maps giant virus – Phys.org – Phys.Org

March 28, 2017 by Layne Cameron Kristin Parent mapped the structure of the giant Samba virus with MSU's cryo-EM microscope, which is featured on the cover of the journal Viruses. Credit: Michigan State University

In a laboratory at Michigan State University, scientists took a DIY approach to build a retrofitted cryo-electron microscope that allowed them to map a giant Samba virus one of the world's largest viruses.

"If the common cold virus is scaled to the size of a ladder, then the giant Samba virus is bigger than the Washington Monument," said Kristin Parent, assistant professor of biochemistry and molecular biology and co-author of the paper featured on the cover of the journal Viruses. "Cryo-EM allowed us to map this virus' structure and observe the proteins it uses to enter, or attack, cells."

It seems counterintuitive that bigger organisms are harder to see, but they are when using cryo-electron microscopy. That's because these microscopes usually are used to look at thin specimens and can't decipher larger organisms to reveal their biological mechanisms. For thick samples, scientists see only dark gray or black blobs instead of seeing the molecular framework.

Cryo-EM allowed Parent's team to image the giant Samba virus and understand the structures that allow it to enter an amoeba. Once inside, Samba opens one of its capsid layers and releases its nucleocapsid which carries the genetic cargo that sparks an infection. While Samba isn't known to cause any diseases in humans, its cousin, the mimivirus, may be a culprit for causing some respiratory ailments in humans.

"If you scoop up a handful of water from Lake Michigan, you are literally holding more viruses than there are people on the planet," said Parent, who published the paper with Jason Schrad and Eric Young, MSU biochemistry and molecular biology graduate students. "While scientists can't study every virus on Earth, the insights we glean from viruses like the giant Samba can help us understand the mechanisms of other viruses in its family, how they thrive and how we can attack them."

As bacteria become more resistant to antibiotics, looking for new ways to fight diseases will continue to grow in importance. Parent's lab also studies how bacteria-infecting viruses enter cells using this method, which could potentially lead to new antibacterial treatments. Yet the world's best cryo-EM microscope costs more than $5 million. Limited by funds but not drive, Parent was able to upgrade an existing microscope at MSU to do cryo-EM one that is a tinkerer's dream.

This traditional transmission electron microscope was retrofitted with a cryostage, which keeps viruses frozen in liquid nitrogen while they're being studied. Parent and her team then added a Direct Electron DE-20 detector, a powerful camera the mighty microscope's piece de resistance.

Parent didn't invent cryo-EM, but establishing it on campus serves as a viable proof-of-concept for MSU, opening the door for many interdisciplinary partnerships. This cutting-edge microscopy has applications across many fields, from those addressing a single protein to others studying entire cells. Virtually anyone studying complex molecular machines can advance their work with this tool, Parent added.

Parent has earned an AAAS Marion Milligan Mason Award for Women in the Chemical Sciences. This award, her paper in Viruses and being the co-author who performed cryo-EM work in a recent Nature Communications paper, lays the groundwork to some day have a more advanced cryo-EM microscope housed at MSU to be able to perform high-resolution structural studies.

"We've done quite a bit with our limited resources, but we're primed to do more," Parent said. "I think MSU could serve as a cryo-EM center and to increase the prevalence of this technology in the Midwest and beyond."

As one example, scientists from Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil) and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) also contributed to this study and benefitted from the technology MSU has to offer.

Explore further: Cryo-electron microscopy achieves unprecedented resolution using new computational methods

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM)which enables the visualization of viruses, proteins, and other biological structures at the molecular levelis a critical tool used to advance biochemical knowledge. Now Lawrence Berkeley ...

Advances in both light and electron microscopy are improving scientists' ability to visualize viruses such as HIV, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), measles, influenza, and Zika in their native states. Researchers from Emory ...

Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Purdue University have completed a model of unprecedented near-atomic resolution of the chemical ...

An international group of scientists have solved the atomic structure of the Ljungan virus, an infection of rodents that is also associated with a variety of dangerous diseases in humans, including diabetes, neurological ...

Since the discovery of the microscope, scientists have tried to visualize smaller and smaller structures to provide insights into the inner workings of human cells, bacteria and viruses. Now, researchers at the National Institute ...

Next-generation steel and metal alloys are a step closer to reality, thanks to an international research project involving a University of Queensland scientist.

A fluorescent probe developed by Michigan Tech chemist Haiying Liu illuminates the enzyme beta-galactosidase in a cell culture, which could help cancer surgeons.

In order for a fuel cell to work, it needs an oxidizing agent. TU Wien has now found a way to explain why oxygen does not always enter fuel cells effectively, rendering them unusable.

Researchers at the University of York and Simon Fraser University, Canada, revealed the 3-D structure of an enzyme that could provide a crucial step forward in treating neurodegenerative diseases.

The photodissociation of triiodide anion (I3-) is a classic textbook reaction that has been extensively studied both in solution and in gas phase. However, probing the ultrafast dynamics of this reaction in the solid state ...

A study published today shows how Indiana University scientists are speeding the path to new treatments for the Zika virus, an infectious disease linked to birth defects in infants in South and Central America and the United ...

Opioids have long been an important tool in the world of pain management, but the side effects of these drugs - from addiction and respiratory failure to severe itching and dizziness, can be overwhelming. Scientists have ...

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Scientist maps giant virus - Phys.org - Phys.Org

Indiana University-led team maps Zika virus protein to speed search for cure – IU Newsroom

BLOOMINGTON, Ind. -- Anew studyshows how Indiana University scientists are speeding the path to new treatments for the Zika virus, an infectious disease linked to birth defects in infants in South and Central America and the United States.

Cheng Kao, a professor in the IU Bloomington College of Arts and Sciences' Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, has mapped a key protein that causes the virus to reproduce and spread.

"Mapping this protein provides us the ability to reproduce a key part of the Zika virus in a lab," Kao said. "This means we can quickly analyze existing drugs and other compounds that can disrupt the spread of the virus. Drugs to target the Zika virus will almost certainly involve this protein."

The World Health Organization reports that more than 1 million people in 52 countries and territories in the Americashave been infected with the Zika virussince 2015. The disease has also been confirmed to cause microcephaly in more than 2,700 infants born to women infected with the virus while pregnant. Symptoms include neurological disorders and a head that is significantly smaller than normal.

The virus is also transmissible through sexual activity and can trigger an autoimmune disease in adults called Guillain-Barre syndrome.

The IU-led study, conducted in collaboration with Texas A&M University, revealed the structure of the Zika virus protein NS5, which contains two enzymes needed for the virus to replicate and spread.The first enzyme reduces the body's ability to mount an immune response against infection. The other enzyme helps "kick off" the replication process.

"We need to do everything we can to find effective drugs against the Zika virus, as changes in travel and climate have caused more tropical diseases to move into new parts of the globe," said Kao, who has also spent 15 years studying the virus that causes hepatitis C.

"We've learned a lot of lessons about how to fight this class of virus through previous work on hepatitis C, as well as other work on the HIV/AIDS virus," he added.

In addition, Kao said, the study showed that the Zika virus protein is similar in structure to proteins from viruses that cause dengue fever, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus and hepatitis C, which prompted the team to test several compounds that combat those diseases. The team also tested other compounds to disrupt the virus's replication.

"Drugs approved to treat hepatitis C and compounds in development to treat other viral diseases are prime candidates to use against the Zika virus," Kao said. "We're continuing to work with industry partners to screen compounds for effectiveness against the NS5 protein."

Other IU Bloomington authors on the study were Guanghui Yi and Yin-Chih Chuang in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry andRobert C. Vaughanin the Department of Biology. Additional authors were Baoyu Zhao and Pingwei Li of Texas A&M University and Banumathi Sankaran at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

The method used to reproduce the virus protein in the lab is the subject of a U.S. patent application filed by theIU Research and Technology Corp.

The study appears in the journal Nature Communications. It was supported in part by the Johnson Center for Innovation and Translational Research at IU Bloomington.

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Indiana University-led team maps Zika virus protein to speed search for cure - IU Newsroom

Global Biochemical Sensor Market Industry Analysis and Forecast (2019-2026) by Product Type, Film Deposition Material, Application, and Region -…

Global Biochemical Sensor Market was valued US$19.57 Bn in 2018 and is estimated to reach US$XX Bn by 2026 at a CAGR of XX%.

Rising healthcare awareness, oil extraction, incidents of vehicles accidents, advancement in wireless sensor network and material chemistry, rising demand from healthcare sector, and increasing awareness among people about wearable technologies will boost the market of biochemical sensor during forecast period and at same time complexity of product design & incompatibility in real world applications will hamper the market of biochemical sensor.

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Biochemical sensor market is segmented into product type, film deposition material, application, and region. Based on product type, biochemical sensor market is classified into piezoelectric sensor, gas sensor, optical sensor, electrochemical sensor, and thermal sensor. Electrochemical sensor segment is estimated to hold XX % of market share in forecast period, due to highest demand in chemical diagnosis. On basis of application, biochemical sensor market is divided into military & defense, food quality control, clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and others. Clinical diagnosis will boost the market during forecast period, due to usage into glucose level testing and pregnancy test.

North America estimated to hold XX % largest share of the market in biochemical sensor during forecast period, due highest investment into military & defense sector and rising demand in medical and healthcare infrastructure. Followed by Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa.

The objective of the report is to present comprehensive analysis of Global Biochemical Sensor Market including all the stakeholders of the industry. The past and current status of the industry with forecasted market size and trends are presented in the report with the analysis of complicated data in simple language. The report covers all the aspects of industry with dedicated study of key players that includes market leaders, followers and new entrants by region. PORTER, SVOR, PESTEL analysis with the potential impact of micro-economic factors by region on the market have been presented in the report. External as well as internal factors that are supposed to affect the business positively or negatively have been analyzed, which will give clear futuristic view of the industry to the decision makers. The report also helps in understanding Global Biochemical Sensor Market dynamics, structure by analyzing the market segments, and project the Global Biochemical Sensor Market size. Clear representation of competitive analysis of key players by Global Biochemical Sensor Market Type, price, financial position, product portfolio, growth strategies, and regional presence in the Global Biochemical Sensor Market make the report investors guide.

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Scope of the Global Biochemical Sensor Market:

Global Biochemical Sensor Market, by Product Type:

Piezoelectric sensor Gas sensor Optical sensor Electrochemical sensor Thermal sensorGlobal Biochemical Sensor Market, by Film Deposition Material:

Aluminium oxide Silicon oxide Titanium oxide Fluorine doped tin oxide OthersGlobal Biochemical Sensor Market, by Application:

Military & Defense Food quality control Environmental monitoring Clinical diagnosis OthersGlobal Biochemical Sensor Market, by Region

North America Europe Asia Pacific Middle East & Africa Latin America

MAJOR TOC OF THE REPORT

Chapter One: Biochemical Sensor Market Overview

Chapter Two: Manufacturers Profiles

Chapter Three: Global Biochemical Sensor Market Competition, by Players

Chapter Four: Global Biochemical Sensor Market Size by Regions

Chapter Five: North America Biochemical Sensor Revenue by Countries

Chapter Six: Europe Biochemical Sensor Revenue by Countries

Chapter Seven: Asia-Pacific Biochemical Sensor Revenue by Countries

Chapter Eight: South America Biochemical Sensor Revenue by Countries

Chapter Nine: Middle East and Africa Revenue Biochemical Sensor by Countries

Chapter Ten: Global Biochemical Sensor Market Segment by Type

Chapter Eleven: Global Biochemical Sensor Market Segment by Application

Chapter Twelve: Global Biochemical Sensor Market Size Forecast (2019-2026)

Browse Full Report with Facts and Figures of Biochemical Sensor Market Report at: https://www.maximizemarketresearch.com/market-report/global-biochemical-sensor-market/16403/

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Global Biochemical Sensor Market Industry Analysis and Forecast (2019-2026) by Product Type, Film Deposition Material, Application, and Region -...

NSF Graduate Research Fellowships – UDaily

A dozen University of Delaware students (undergraduate and graduate) and alumni have won National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships as the prestigious competition marks its 65th year. Fourteen others received honorable mention designations.

The awards -- for which more than 13,000 applicants competed this year -- include three years of funding at $34,000 per year, plus $12,000 in cost-of-education allowances to the school for study leading to a master's or doctoral degree in science and engineering. The total of these awards is almost $1.4 million -- a significant boost for the students and their research.

"Research is incredibly important," said Dianna Kitt, a senior majoring in environmental engineering and one of UD's 12 winners. "On a large scale, research is what drives our society and allows us to create new technologies and processes that protect humans, animals and the environment. On a smaller scale, research pushes you as an individual to think outside of the book and answer problems that no one else has answered before."

The awards make a powerful statement about these students, said Donald Watson, associate professor of chemistry and biochemistry and the department's associate chair for graduate studies. That department had four winners - two undergraduates and two graduate students - including doctoral student Sarah Krause in Watson's research group.

"This includes all fields of science and engineering and these awards go to extraordinarily high-quality students," he said. "It recognizes their ability and frees students to do science. And getting multiple awards in a single year is a mark of quality for our program."

Nationally, there were 2,000 winners (about 15 percent of all applicants), representing 449 different schools, all 50 states, the District of Columbia and other U.S. territories. Winners included 1,158 women, 498 individuals from underrepresented minority groups and 726 undergraduate seniors.

"This is one of the most prestigious awards a student can get," said Julie Maresca, assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering and Kitt's faculty mentor. "These awards are highly competitive and truly a recognition of the students' potential for future success.

"The students who get these fellowships have demonstrated not only that they are among our top students, but also that they can convincingly propose a multiyear research project and are committed to broadening participation in their fields."

* Ian Berke of Albany, New York, who earned his bachelor's in biomedical engineering in 2016 and now is pursuing a doctoral degree in biomedical engineering at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri.

"In my sophomore year at UD, I had a sports-related knee injury that required surgery (ACL tear). This got me interested in orthopedic research and I was paired with Christopher Price, assistant professor in biomedical engineering, for a summer scholar research opportunity, in imaging. During the summer and in the following year or so we imaged bone and cartilage using refractive index matching techniques. Dr. Price really sparked my interest in the field and showed me the many avenues researchers were taking to combat osteoarthritis."

* Hannah Clipp of Bel Air, Maryland, who earned two bachelor's degrees -- in wildlife and fisheries resources and multidisciplinary studies -- at West Virginia University and is pursuing a master's degree in wildlife ecology at UD.

The focus of her research is bird migration and stopover ecology and bird conservation.

* Jonathan Galarraga of Belcamp, Maryland, who earned his bachelor's degree in chemical engineering in 2016 and will pursue his doctorate at the University of Pennsylvania, where he will study tissue engineering, biomaterials, 3D-printing and cartilage repair.

"Biomaterials are changing possibilities for medicine and healthcare across the world because they provide new avenues for exploring prospective therapeutics, modeling disease pathology and assessing drug toxicity.In my Ph.D. thesis, I will develop new materials approaches for tissue repair through rational material design and impact society through new product development.As a Ph.D. student in Dr. Jason Burdicks Polymeric Biomaterials Lab at the University of Pennsylvania, I am eager to establish strong relationships with leading experts in the country so that I may design and deliver clinically viable biomaterials."

At UD, Galarraga worked in the research group of Christopher Kloxin, assistant professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering.

"Throughout my time in the CJK lab, I gained a strong appreciation for collaborations in research, developed intimate knowledge of the materials science research landscape, and enjoyed the privilegeof learning from many great mentors.

"The aims of my career are to conduct research on biomaterials and bring clinically viable biotechnology to market while teaching as a university professor. In doing so, I will improve the quality of life for people with disabilities and diseases, increase the U.S. competitiveness in the growing biomedical device industry and improve the prospects for future biomedical research. In addition to commercially developing these technologies, I will employ my bioengineering expertise to help develop and implement policies that will ensure that future biomaterials are readily accessible and disseminated to underserved patient populations."

* Nicholas Geneva of Owings, Maryland, who is completing his bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering and will pursue a doctoral degree, continuing his work integrating state-of-the-art computer technology and engineering at UD.

"Working with Dr. Lian-Ping Wang [professor of mechanical engineering] and his graduate students is largely the reason why I decided to pursue a Ph.D. His work has shown me that the integration of state-of-the-art computer hardware and engineering is a very important challenge that is facing the scientific community today. Computing, whether through traditional CPUs or other hardware accelerators, is becoming ever more powerful, but exploiting this power effectively to solve the difficult engineering problem is by no means trivial."

* Rebekah Houser of Newark, Delaware, who earned a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering and will continue research on vehicle-to-grid technology and firmware for an infrared scene projector.

"Electric vehicles equipped with vehicle-to-grid technology can provide valuable services to electric power generation and distribution systems. These services promote adoption of electric vehicles and facilitate increased incorporation of renewable resources into the electric power grid. Infrared scene projectors enable more efficient testing of infrared imaging systems that serve as critical tools for first responders, law enforcement and military personnel."

* Dianna Kitt of Aberdeen, Maryland, who is completing her bachelor's degree in environmental engineering and will pursue graduate-level research in water treatment.

"I grew up near the Chesapeake Bay so I have always been passionate about clean water and the environment. When I was in high school, I was inspired by my AP biology teacher (who was actually a retired research scientist) to work in a research lab for the first time and I fell in love with research. I knew that I wanted to pursue my passion for improving the environment as my career, and I knew that a career in environmental engineering research would allow me to not only study the environment but also develop techniques and processes to protect it."

* Jodi Kraus of Monument, Colorado, who earned her bachelor's degree at Drexel University and is a second-year grad student in chemistry and biochemistry at UD.

In the laboratory of Tatyana Polenova, professor of chemistry and biochemistry, she has focused on determining the atomic-level structure and dynamics of actin-associated protein assemblies using the technique Magic Angle Spinning NMR.

"I was drawn to using solid-state NMR spectroscopy to study large protein assemblies because the scientific understanding of fundamental biological processes is rapidly expanding, and it is of utmost importance to continue developing new methodologies to study these complex systems. I believe that in order to fully understand these biological processes and identify new potential drug targets (in the case of disease), we must investigate their most basic properties. Additionally, I am interested in methods development and instrumentation because I personally find it gratifying to track the exact physical dynamics which correlate to larger functional roles within proteins."

* Sarah Krause of Harford County, Maryland, who earned her bachelor's degree in chemistry at Towson University and is pursuing her doctorate in organic chemistry at UD in Donald Watson's research group.

The focus of her research is chemical synthesis and catalysis.

* Andrew Kuznicki of Boston, Massachusetts, who is majoring in chemistry.

His research has been in the inorganic chemistry lab of Joel Rosenthal, associate professor of chemistry and biochemistry.

* Peter Sariano of Collegeville, Pennsylvania, who is majoring in biomedical engineering and plans to pursue research in tissue engineering.

"Biomedical research is the foundation for medical discovery. Research drives our understanding of disease and allows us to develop treatments to address unmet clinical needs."

* Hannah Wastyk of Palmyra, Pennsylvania, majoring in biochemistry with a minor in biochemical engineering.

"What excites me most about research on human disease is that the body is a system more perfect than any we could possibly engineer. Our immune system is the most complex line of defense we possess, and treating diseases through regulation of its already existing cellular processes to control aberrant signaling is a technique that holds almost unlimited possibilities.

"The concept of growth has always been a passion I continually strive for. Research, both in practice and in mindset, perfectly embodies this endless cycle of growth through the creation of knowledge starting with basic research and applying it to solve real-world problems through engineering."

* Kathryn Wheeler of Boone, North Carolina, who earned her bachelor's degree in environmental science and will pursue a doctoral degree at Boston University's Department of Earth and the Environment.

"I am interested in how climate change is altering forest phenology (seasonality) and how the timing of the seasons affects the forest ecosystem and global ecosystems. Specifically, at Boston University I will be working on a project that uses ecosystem forecasting to identify the holes in our understanding of phenology and seasonal variation in carbon and energy transfers between the biosphere and atmosphere. With warmer global temperatures, the growing season is expected to be lengthened in many ecosystems. A longer growing season has the possibility of increasing the amount of carbon dioxide that trees take away from the atmosphere, which consequently would likely alleviate global climate change. In order to improve the accuracy of climate change predictions, it is necessary for us to better understand forest phenology and how it affects and is affected by climate change.

Research with Delphis Levia, professor of ecohydrology and chair of UD's Department of Geography, and doctoral student Janice Hudson introduced her to phenology.

"I became fascinated by the idea that something as seemingly simple as changing the timing of the seasons can have profound impacts on ecosystems. I became particularly interested in how phenology can then affect climate change through an ecosystems ecology course I took with Dr. Rodrigo Vargas [assistant professor of plant and soil sciences] this fall."

Hunter Bachman, mechanical engineering, now at Duke University

Rabae Bounoua, psychology

Christopher Bresette, engineering

Kamil Charubin, chemical engineering

Patrick Cronin, electrical and computer engineering

Nathan Hamilton, chemical engineering

Alyssa Hull, chemistry, now at Duke University

Joshua Lansford, chemical engineering

Charles McCutcheon, chemical engineering, now at the University of Minnesota

Bonnie McDevitt, environmental engineering, now at Penn State University

Alexander Mitkas, chemical engineering

Samuel Modlin, neuroscience, now at San Diego State University Foundation

Lacey Perdue, bioengineering

Jacob Wilmot, biology and neuroscience, now at the University of California-Davis

A complete list of those offered the fellowship for 2017 is available on FastLane. For general information about the program, visit NSF's GRFP website.

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NSF Graduate Research Fellowships - UDaily