The timing of the governments action against the Popular Front of India was a secret till the end, but it carried a sense of the inevitable. Vijaita Singh, Abdul Latheef Naha, K.S Sudhi and Devesh K. Pandey report on the chronology and the reaction

The timing of the governments action against the Popular Front of India was a secret till the end, but it carried a sense of the inevitable. Vijaita Singh, Abdul Latheef Naha, K.S Sudhi and Devesh K. Pandey report on the chronology and the reaction

In the early hours of September 22, when a joint team of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) and the Delhi Police raided a flat in Shaheen Bagh in southeast Delhi, it first removed a huge iron board erected outside. The green-and-white board, on which Popular Front of India (PFI) was painted in bold letters, would have made it easy for people to gather at the building, said Shahnawaz Khan, a real estate agent who was present when the raids took place.

The raid was not restricted to the Delhi headquarters of the PFI, located in rented accommodation on the ground floor of the building in the congested area of Shaheen Bagh; the Union Home Ministry and the Intelligence Bureau (IB) had chalked out a plan to detain and arrest key PFI functionaries across India that day. This gave the PFI no time to react or mobilise people in protest. Barring Kerala, which saw large-scale violence the next day on account of a flash hartal called by the outfit, no incident was reported from any other region even though the PFI has a presence in 23 States and Union Territories. In a coordinated operation, 109 members of the PFI were picked up from different States by the NIA and the police and detained under the stringent Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), under which it is near impossible to secure bail.

A second round of raids followed on September 27, when second-rung leaders and supporters of the PFI were taken into preventive custody. Hours later, the Home Ministry declared the PFI and its eight front organisations, including its student wing, the Campus Front of India (CFI), as unlawful associations for five years. The operation, code-named Octopus, was kept under wraps, with IB Director Tapan Kumar Deka and National Security Adviser Ajit Doval monitoring the situation from September 21 from a control room. No one in the top leadership of the PFI was absconding or had gone underground.

They first broke into the homes of the national leadership [of the PFI]. The arrests were not based on any findings; the real intention was to detain the leadership. The NIA has levelled several allegations [against the PFI]. Many leaders had no cases against them in the past. Our founding chairman, E. Abubacker (72), is a cancer patient. He has also been taken to Delhi, said Ahmad Kutti, who handled media relations for the PFI in Kerala, a day before the ban was imposed.

Aneesh, an accused detained during a raid by the Special Cell of the Delhi Police for his alleged association with the PFI, at Amar Colony police station, in New Delhi.| Photo Credit: PTI

The ban on the PFI had been in the works for a few years, but the perception that the Central government led by the Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) was dithering on account of a possible backlash from friendly Muslim countries in West Asia, especially after the Nupur Sharma episode, expedited the move. (Sharma made controversial remarks on Prophet Mohammad and was suspended from the BJP following a diplomatic storm.) The upcoming Assembly elections in Karnataka, where the PFI, the CFI and the Social Democratic Party of India (SDPI), regarded as the political wing of the PFI, have gained considerable electoral ground, were also a factor, an official from the Home Ministry said.

The PFI was founded in 2006, a year after the merger of three Muslim groups the National Democratic Front in Kerala, the Karnataka Forum for Dignity, and the Manitha Neethi Pasarai in Tamil Nadu. It described itself as a non-governmental organisation and a neo-social movement striving for the empowerment of marginalised, deprived and oppressed sections of India. While its origins were in south India, the PFI soon expanded across the country by merging with other organisations. There were no women among the 13 members of the national leadership of the PFI, who were all Muslim. The PFI had a strong cadre-based presence in Kerala. In its ban order, the Home Ministry said that some of the leaders of the PFI were members of the outlawed Students Islamic Movement of India.

The ban order cited the first major instance of violence which propelled the PFI to the limelight: the attack on Professor T.J. Joseph of Newman College in Keralas Idukki district in 2010. A question paper Joseph had set for an internal exam was perceived by some as offending Muslim religious sentiments (denigrating the Prophet). In July that year, when Joseph was returning from church one evening, his hand was chopped off by activists allegedly belonging to the PFI. He was then suspended from college. Joseph was reinstated in service only in 2014 on a Friday and accorded a retirement farewell the following Monday. But he had already suffered another tragedy by then: his wife had died by suicide.

Soon after this incident, cases against the PFI started mounting. The activities of the PFI cost some of its members their jobs. On January 26 this year, the PFI launched a seven-month Save the Republic campaign from Tamil Nadu. Speaking at the inaugural programme in Kanniyakumari, Anis Ahmed, the national general secretary of the PFI, who is now imprisoned, thanked those present because in todays India it takes extraordinary courage to attend a PFI programme. A post-graduate in computer application, Ahmed regularly participated on TV debates. He was sacked in July by the mobile phone company in Bengaluru, where he held the position of global technical officer. In 2020, O.M.A. Salam, chairman of the PFI, who holds a masters degree in chemistry from the University of Calicut, was suspended from the Kerala State Electricity Board where he was employed.

Since 2010, more than 1,400 criminal cases have been registered against leaders and members of the PFI and its affiliates across the country. The NIA registered 19 PFI-related cases and filed charge sheets against 355 persons; five cases were registered this year. The agency secured convictions of 46 arraigned persons, including 21 members of the PFI and the SDPI found guilty of participating in an arms training camp in 2013 at Narath in Kannur, under various provisions of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and the UAPA. The NIA alleged in court that the PFI conspired to indulge in unlawful activities to create enmity among members of different religions and groups, thereby intending to disrupt public tranquility and cause disaffection against India.

In this context, the ban on the PFI and its affiliates has not come as a surprise. Although most organisations were circumspect in their reactions to the Central governments action, sources within the PFI camp said they had been expecting the ban to take place. What more can you anticipate in a country ruled by the biggest communal organisation, asked K.P.O. Rahmathulla, Kerala general secretary of the National Confederation of Human Rights Organisations (NCHRO), one of the organisations banned by the Home Ministry. He said the NCHRO has now stopped all its activities. We will not be responsible if anyone acts or makes statements in the name of the organisation, he said. Some PFI leaders arrested by the NIA, including P. Koya, a retired college lecturer and a national council member of the group, had apparently geared themselves up for incarceration.

The SDPI said the ban was the latest instance of the ruling dispensation muzzling opposition. SDPI national president M.K. Faizy said all those who spoke against the BJP regime were being ruthlessly suppressed. The general secretary of SDPI Kerala, Ajmal Ismail, described the ban as part of an undeclared emergency. A ban could not exterminate a group, h
e said. The RSS (Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh) was banned thrice; today, it rules the nation. The Communist Party of India was banned in the country, but today it rules Kerala, Ismail said. He claimedthat it was thefailure of secular parties that Hindutva groups had tightened their grip over the country. The problem with the secular parties is that they view the hunter and victim with the same eye. This stand will never strengthen democracy. We dont expect justice when forces like the RSS are in power.

The Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) said it had opposed the PFIs ideology since its inception and would continue fighting all forms of communalism. The PFI has done great harm to minorities. Its activities fuelled majority communalism in the country, said IUML national general secretary P.K. Kunhalikutty, a legislator in the Kerala Assembly. But banning the PFI while allowing a communally extremist organisation like the RSS to act according to its whims is unfair.

In its report filed before the Special Court in Kochi in connection with the arrest of 11 PFI leaders from Kerala, the NIA alleged that the activists of the PFI and its feeder organisations had encouraged vulnerable youth to join terrorist organisations, including the Lashkar-e-Taiba, the Islamic State, and al-Qaeda. The accused had conspired to establish Islamic rule in India by committing terrorist acts as part of violent jihad, the report said. The PFI was also involved in spreading disaffection against India by wrongfully interpreting government policies for a particular section of people with a view of creating hatred against the state and its machinery, the NIA alleged.

Among those rounded up by the NIA as part of its countrywide crackdown on the PFI were Abdul Sathar, general secretary of the PFI in Kerala, and Karamana Ashraf Moulavi, who was in-charge of the education wing of the organisation. The leaders of the PFI were accused of propagating an alternative justice delivery system justifying the use of criminal force and creating enmity between people of different religions and groups.

Editorial | Sledgehammer approach: On PFI ban

The NIA said it had seized documents during the searches on September 22 that show that prominent leaders of a particular community were in the PFIs target. The ban order mentions nine murder cases between 2016 and 2022 in Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in which PFI members are alleged to be involved; six victims belonged to the RSS or the BJP. Most killings were retaliatory. In 2018, for instance, the Kerala Police had arraigned some activists of the SDPI in connection with the killing of Abhimanyu, a student of a tribal community and leader of the left-wing Students Federation of India, in the Maharajas College premises in Ernakulam. The first accused, J.I. Muhammad, was the unit president of the CFI.

The Enforcement Directorate (ED) has also been conducting a probe against the PFI and its related individuals and entities under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act since May 2018, on the basis of cases registered by the NIA and other agencies under various provisions of the Explosive Substances Act, the Arms Act, the UAPA and the IPC. Its probe has revealed that over 120 crore has been deposited in the accounts of PFI and related entities over the years, mostly in cash. Investigations have further established the criminal conspiracy of PFI in raising/collecting funds through unknown and suspicious sources from within the country as well as abroad and subsequent transfer, layering and integration of such funds for eventual use in their continuous unlawful activities over time, the ED alleged. The acts include inciting violence and fomenting trouble leading to the Delhi riots of 2020 and the visit of PFI/CFI members to Uttar Pradeshs Hathras in 2020 with an intent of disturbing communal harmony, said an ED official. In the Hathras case, the agency said K.A. Rauf Sherif, a PFI member and national general secretary of the CFI, had allegedly connived with others abroad to get 1.36 crore transferred from overseas on the pretext of payments related to the international trade of goods. His four associates were travelling to Hathras to conduct protests when they were arrested by the Uttar Pradesh Police. A case was registered under the UAPA. Sherif was later arrested by the ED and a charge sheet filed against him and the others in February 2021.

The ED alleged that PFI leaders and members associated with overseas entities were developing a residential Munnar Villa Vista Project in Kerala with the objective of laundering the money collected. Subsequent investigations led to the arrest of Abdul Razak B.P. and Ashraf M.K. The ED came across details of transactions to the tune of 22 crore. The then treasurer of the PFI, P. Koya, told the ED that the outfit did not receive funds from abroad under its policy. But the ED found that the PFI had thousands of active members in the Gulf countries and had been raising substantial collections from abroad. These funds were not reflected in the PFIs bank accounts, indicating that they were transferred through hawala channels or remitted into the accounts of the PFIs members, activists or office-bearers.

A day after the ban, Joseph said that the PFI, which wanted to establish a theocratic state and had resorted to violence for the purpose, should have been banned after the 2010 attack on him. That would have saved many lives, he said.

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The anatomy of a crackdown - The Hindu

Grey's Anatomy star Sarah Drew has addressed the possibility of a spin-off for her character April Kepner and Jesse Williams's Jackson Avery.

Fans last saw the couple in season 18 as they rekindled their romance following their departure the season before.

However, many fans are keen to follow 'Japril's' exploits aways from Grey's, and Drew admitted in a new interview that she gets asked a lot about it.

Related: Grey's Anatomy boss explains how new recruits will fill Ellen Pompeo's absence

"So many people ask me about a 'Japril' spinoff, and Jesse and I have both been very verbal about how much we would love to see something like that happen," she told Entertainment Tonight.

"We love working together. We love that relationship and any opportunity to get to see them onscreen together more, I think a lot of people would be happy about that. We'd be happy with that, so we'll see."

Drew admitted there weren't any plans at the moment to bring the couple back for season 19, though did stress: "When I came back for the 400th it was like three weeks before we started shooting. So you never know! That door is always open."

Related: Grey's Anatomy star Sandra Oh reunites with co-star and creator

Last month, Williams himself spoke to Digital Spy about a potential Japril show, quipping that it may be difficult to fit in with his "movie star" schedule.

"Really? Well, I think that there would be an audience for that, but who knows," he said. "I'm a big superhero villain franchise movie star now, so I don't know that I have time in my schedule for that."

Grey's Anatomy returns for season 19 on October 6, airing on ABC in the US. In the UK, seasons 1-17 are streaming on Disney+, while season 18 is available via Sky Witness and NOW.

Grey's Anatomy Season 17 DVD [2021]

Watch Grey's Anatomy with Disney+

Disney+Disney+

How to Save a Life: The Inside Story of Grey's Anatomy by Lynette Rice

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Grey's Anatomy's Sarah Drew teases spin-off with Jesse Williams - Digital Spy

Since we introduced inflation targeting in 1991, the Bank has been largely successful at keeping inflation low, stable and predictable. Today, that record is being seriously tested as we emerge from the first global pandemic in a century and face the effects of Russias unprovoked invasion of Ukraine.

Some have suggested that policy-makers need to engineer a substantial slowdownor even a recessionto get inflation back under control. But the best strategy for responding to high inflation needs to consider how people form their inflation expectations. If people understand and believe that the central bank will eventually bring inflation back to target, their expectations will remain anchored.

To achieve this, central banks must commit to a credible inflation target and communicate it clearly. In turn, this sets off a series of decisions on prices and wages that help keep inflation in line and reduces the need to create a significant economic downturn. This is the Banks focus.

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Anatomy of a pandemic: Applying old lessons and learning from new ones - Bank of Canada

Sometimes, we find it difficult to explain some parts even with pictures from anatomy textbooks. For example, in which direction the blood flows in the heart or how the aorta goes up and down. However, by using virtual reality (VR) contents, we can confirm these things more easily, and the body viewed as a three-dimensional space remains a strong memory for medical students."

Choi Hyung-jin, a professor at the Anatomy Class of the Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNU Medicine), said so at a seminar, Metaverse -- another 20 years to come, organized by Medical IP at JW Marriott Hotel in eastern Seoul last Friday.

SNU Medicine uses MDBOX, anatomical contents based on VR and AR, in anatomy education. The content is characterized by its ability to move, rotate, and control the transparency of anatomical structures.

Professor Choi, citing the appearance of the iPhone in 2007 as an example of the technological innovation of humankind, predicted that the metaverse would emerge as the innovative technology of the medical community. However, he cited the possibility of user immersion and the consequent improvement of content quality as its prerequisites.

There had been medical VR contents but they remained little more than toys because they could not move freely or contained no detailed information, Choi said. It is important whether users wearing the head-mounted displays (HMDs) can freely move in the space with anatomical objects."

Students cannot move into bodies (when they use cadavers), but that becomes possible by using HMD, Choi noted. After the students experience moving into even major organs and examining them in a 360-degree direction, they show an extraordinary level of understanding.

Choi also conducted a study to prove the superiority of medical metaverse technology in anatomy education, by comparing the educational effects of traditional practice education using cadavers and VR-based practice education.

One should not stop at expressing good subjectively. I felt the need to prove its effects rigorously, he said. I divided students into two groups to evaluate their performance. The results showed that they were equal or sometimes the VR group was better depending on the type of anatomical practice. In particular, I reaffirmed the importance of 3D experience through HMD, no matter how precise the 2D content is."

Professor Choi said in conclusion, There should be no misunderstanding. We do not conduct the anatomy practice for as long as four hours using VR content. It is important to have a short study of about 5 minutes or so with a precisely planned learning goal. That's why the role of educators is important.

In the seminar, Professor Do Yun-shik of the Neurosurgery Department of Chungbuk University Hospital introduced MEDIP PRO AR, an operational AR platform with the title of Korea's first medical device-certified AR navigation system. Professor Hong Nam-ki of the Endocrinology Department at Severance Hospital showed directions for using and studying DeepCatch in his presentation titled Diagnosis of metabolic diseases based on video biomarkers.

As we enter the era of predicting and preventing diseases, cutting-edge technology is gradually advancing. In this process, many companies putting up the keyword of healthcare appeared and disappeared," said Chung Jin-wook, head of the Institute of Convergence Medicine, at Seoul National University Hospital. As Medical IP moves toward medical metaverse following artificial intelligence-based 3D printing, I hope this seminar will be an opportunity to confirm the possibility of Medical IP.

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'VR-based anatomy education should be short and intense' - KBR

The Drum has launched a new podcast series, which will take listeners behind the scenes on iconic work and discuss the latest creative trends with guests like British photographer Rankin and Ogilvy ECD Jules Chalkley.

Have you listened to the Anatomy of an Ad podcast yet? / The Drum

Throughout the episodes, reporter Amy Houston will be chatting to experts on topics such as LGBTQ+ representation in advertising, tackling ageism in adland and how big tech companies are hindering womens health campaigns.

The series features conversations with some of advertisings top thinkers, including creatives from Acast, Rankin Creative, MadeBrave and Ogilvy.

Leading independent podcast company Acast is sponsor of the series. In the debut episode, we hear from its global head of creative Jack Preston about what makes a good audio ad, some of his personal favorites and how brands can get a little bit more creative in the space.

Brands should be spending money [and] putting in time and effort to work with composers and audio sound designers to help craft ads, Preston said.

Podcasting is an area where spoken word rules and a lot of the time you can deliver a message succinctly and powerfully, but integrating those creatives within the process can be valuable.

Each week a new episode of Anatomy of an Ad will be available on The Drums newly-launched podcast hub, which also hosts The Drum Network show and TV Talks presented by John McCarthy and Hannah Bowler.

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The Drum Launches Anatomy Of An Ad Podcast Series To Delve Into Creative Trends - The Drum

I listened to the Eastern Michigan/Arizona State game on the radio this past Saturday. Why radio? Because I've been trying in general to listen to more sports on the radio in general lately, and specifically when it's late and I'm trying to prepare for sleep, to try to allow the words to paint a bit of a picture in my head as I head to dreamland.

I was quite pleased with the result, a 9-point Eastern Michigan victory, for a number of reasons. One, you know I love me some upsets. Two, I lamented the paucity of upsets in my Week 1 column, but Weeks 2 and 3 have more than made up for that. Three, I like Eastern Michigan. They are my second favorite MAC team behind my hometown Akron Zips. I feel bad for them, because they don't really get to claim any geographical purview of their own, sharing a county with the University of Michigan.

I was quite surprised, however, to learn that after the game, Herm Edwards was relieved of his duties as ASU head coach.

I still remember hearing about Edwards' hiring five years ago, and, like a lot of people, I found it to be a real head-scratcher. American football fans, even semi-casual ones, are familiar with Edwards. Perhaps most of us knew him first as the beneficiary of the most famously boneheaded error in NFL history. Then, we knew him as the head coach of the Chiefs and Jets, the latter of whom he guided to three playoff berths in five years.

Still, most of us know him from his viral clip where he took great offense to a suggestion that the Jets might punt on a season that started irredeemably poorly..

Edwards can count himself lucky that his viral moment is one where he comes off well: passionate and with deep convictions.

So what I'm saying is, he's a likable guy, but when ASU hired him as head coach, he had been off the sidelines for 9 years, had finished 19-46 in his last four seasons coaching in the NFL, and had virtually no college coaching experience. It didn't seem like a good move.

But it kind of worked! Kind of. He went 26-20 as the Sun Devils head coach, including 17-14 in Pac 12 play.

No fan base is clamoring for 17-14 in conference games, but 1) it does keep you ahead of the median, and 2) not every school can have the expectations of an Alabama or an Ohio State. At those schools, 17-14 is fireable. In the Pac-12, it's probably fireable for Oregon, USC, and maybe UCLA and Utah.

Other schools need to take whatever success they can get. If that sounds harsh, understand that what I mean by that is if you aspire to be a perennial contender, or at least better than making a bowl every other year, you need to start with stability. Impulsive firings, especially ones that take place mid-season, is the breeding ground of instability.

And make no mistake, this was an impulsive firing. Proponents of Edwards' ouster might point to the NCAA looking into recruiting violations and misdeeds by the Edwards' regime, and I'm not defending those. I am saying, however, if you want to can a guy for not running a clean program, the offseason is the time to do it. By allowing him to start the season, you are sending a clear message of support for that coach.

Bottom line: I'm just having a real hard time buying any argument that Edwards wasn't chiefly fired for losing to Eastern Michigan, and I think his on-field results warranted surviving that loss, especially since he want undefeated against rival Arizona in his tenure.

Then there's the case of the other mid-season firing of note, Scott Frost. I don't think I've ever seen a hot seat as hot as the one Scott Frost came out of last season with. My heart bled for him, because I was certain that he was going to get fired, which after that record number of close losses just made him seem incredibly unlucky. I grant that if you never win close games, as seemed to be the case with Frost, the problem might be larger, and more resolvable, than luck.

Still, I thought keeping him on by the powers that be at Nebraska, and allowing him the chance to redeem himself, was the right move. Then he lost a close loss again to Northwestern. Ouch!

Then, two weeks later, you know what happened: another close loss not to a ruddy-cheeked, stout Big Ten West foe, but Georgia Southern. Major, major upset, as Georgia Southern was +22.5 underdogs and Nebraska is just in another league, figuratively and literally, in terms of resources, support, and money.

Mid-season firings, as I stated, engenders instability, and should only be done in drastic cases. This was one of those. Frost survived the offseason by the skin of his teeth, and then doubled down in the most horrific of ways on the reason his job was in jeopardy to begin with.

But what made this an especially savvy move by Nebraska is that they fired them when they did. They could have waited until October 1st or after, and saved themselves $7.5 million by so doing; October 1st was the prescribed date in Frost's contract that states his buyout drops from $15 million to $7.5 million (approximately) if he is still head coach.

Nebraska's season is already shot, so why not just wait a few weeks and save yourself some money? The only reason is to send a message to your legion of supporters and fans: this isn't acceptable to us, either. It was an expensive, but warranted and important gesture to Nebraska fans.

Frost was a Husker hero from his playing days who achieved nigh unimaginable success coaching Central Florida. He was hired as Nebraska's head coach on December 3, 2017. Edwards was hired by Arizona State the day before. In terms of their tenures at their most recent schools, they are almost exact contemporaries.

Put another way: Frost was the right hire, and was fired at the exact right time. Edwards, at least on paper, was the wrong hire, exceeded expectations, earned more of a leash than he got, and was fired at the exact wrong time. Expect Nebraska to succeed on the field again sooner than Arizona State.

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The Anatomy of Two Firings - Sports Central

A good knife, for someone who likes to cook, is like a really good pair of shoes. You dont really know what youve been missing, until you find the right fit. Dont know more than the blade from the hilt? Learn some knife anatomy.

Parts of the blade

* Edge: The part with which you cut your food. Keep it sharp! The edge can be straight or serrated.

* Spine: The back of the blade; the blunt side. Use this side or a scraper when scraping chopped food off the board. Dont use the sharp edge or youll prematurely dull the blade.

* Granton: These are the dimples along the edges of some knives. They minimise the amount of food that sticks to the blade while chopping.

* Tip: Use it to score ingredients or for delicate cuts. Dont use to open cans or packages; it will chip more easily over time.

* Heel: The side opposite to the tip. Use the heel for cutting large vegetables such as pumpkin.

Parts of the handle

* Bolster: The bump at the point where the blade and handle meet. Its added to some knives to protect the hand after an accidental slip. Having this part can make it difficult to sharpen the blade thoroughly.

* Tang: This is the part of the blade that runs through the handle. It the metal of the blade runs all the way through to the back of the handle, thats a full-tang knife. A full tang makes the handle feel heavier in the hand. This counterbalances the heaviness of the blade and makes cutting and slicing easier.

* Rivets: These hold the blade and handle together

* Pommel / Butt: The very end of the knife.

In the end, what matters is that you buy a knife that feels comfortable. Dont break the bank. There are plenty of good brands in the medium-price range. But do put some thought into it.

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Living on the edge: A guide to knife anatomy with Swetha Sivakumar - Hindustan Times

Anatomy of a NightThe Depot, The Complex

Hows your night going? In the Complexs splendid new cavernous performance space, Kevin Murphys striking lighting, Sal Stapletons videography, Rory Sweeneys sound design with music by a different DJ each night and a catwalk pushing through the audience all delineate the club.

Aiming to evoke a night, any night, in queer and club spaces, the dancer and choreographer Nick Nikolaou does it solo, serially creating a cast. His queers, weirdos, fringes and nightwalkers are expressed by their efficiently changed costumes-with-attitude (designed by Dearbhla Beirne): striding down the catwalk preening in thigh boots, bustier and half-ball gown, or out of it in a sparkly slip dress, an uncertain lurker in a shirtless suit with something to prove, or writhing and oozing sex, or muscular anthems in a tight jumpsuit.

Nikolaou creates multiple characters through an energising, skilful, perfectly observed and sometimes dizzying range of club dance styles. Joyous, sexy, infectious and seductive, Anatomy of a Night is also tinged with regret for something lost lost to the pandemic and lost to the citys absence of clubbing spaces. After the performance, theres a club night for the audience.

Runs at the Complex, Dublin 7, until Saturday, September 24, as part of Dublin Dance Festival

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Anatomy of a Night review: Joyous, sexy, infectious, seductive - The Irish Times

I love magical realism and after seeing this show I wonder why theater makers use it so rarely (too bad, too bad). Fortunately, there are times like in contemporary theatre, when reality clashes wonderfully with magic.

Based on a novel written by Amanda Lee Koe, the show takes us to a different world, it's magical, safe, natural, and even weird things are somehow comfy.

This piece will hypnotize you like the taffeta of a warm sea glistening in the setting sun's light. It's magical, it's mysterious, it's full of emotions.

Daria Kopec takes us to an Universum full of sensitivity, with the themes of escape, alienation, inadequacy, and social patterns, but above all a great need for closeness and unity, the need to be here and now in harmony not only with oneself but with the approval of the outside world. All the characters have their anxieties, the cages they're trapped in, and self-imposed or self-made restrictions that keep them from being free. They have their secrets, crazy questions that keep them awake, that drive them mad.

As an audience, we have to answer the question of what is normal and what is not. Should we judge, and if so, on what?

Each character has their own story and you will find a part of yourself in each of them. Surprisingly, it doesn't hurt (each hit underwater hurts less). Daria Kopec asks some very good questions: Which is more difficult: hiding your real "you" or fighting with yourself? What is your reaction if your life does not fit into mediocrity?

It is difficult to describe the characters unambiguously because they are constantly evolving and changing, the ensemble, Anna Kieca, Ewa Niemotko, Mariusz Bakowski, Rafal Cieluch, Przemyslaw Kozlowski, Milosz Pietruski, Jerzy Senator, Tomasz Taranta makes this theatrical infusion very intense and aromatic. Ewa Niemotko is the best mermaid you can imagine, she is shamelessly psychedelic, out of this world. You start to understand why mermaids are so fascinating and watching her makes you want to become a sailor, find one for yourself, and let her ruin your life. She's perfect in this role, she's a mermaid.

The show is also magnetic thanks to the incredible duo playing live music (Aleksandra Gronowska and Michal Litwiniec) and scenography (by Matylda Kotlinska). You may feel underwater where your body and mind function differently and perceive the world in different terms. It's touching, vulnerable, and somehow true. You will be charmed in the big blue.

Photo: Natalia Kabanow

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Review: THE MERMAID. LOVE ANATOMY. at Teatr Wspolczesny Wroclaw - Broadway World

Lets start this look back at the New Orleans Saints crushing loss to Tampa Bay with some historical perspective.

Since the start of the 2002 season, there have been 404 NFL games in which a team finished with a minus-4 turnover margin or worse. The teams on the wrong side of the ledger in those games have a record of 10-393-1 in those contests. That is a 2.6% winning percentage.

New Orleans added to that ignominious statistic in Week 2. Put simply, the Saints carelessness with the football gave them the narrowest possible chance at beating the Buccaneers on Sunday.

The Saints played well enough to win for most of the game, and then it fell apart. Lets not overanalyze this: The Saints literally handed the game away.

The Saints were driving late in the third quarter and looked destined to finally crack a 3-3 tie when they let the game slip from their grasp.

On first-and-10 from the Tampa 20, Saints running back Mark Ingram surged through the defensive front for a 9-yard gain. As he neared the 10-yard line, Ingram covered the ball with two hands and braced for contact. It was solid ball security, but it was beat with a better punch by defensive back Logan Ryan.

Ryan jarred the ball free, and defensive lineman Carl Nassib recovered, ending the scoring threat. And thats precisely where the offensive wheels fell off for the Saints.

Starting with Ingrams fumble, New Orleans turned the ball over four times in a span of 10 offensive plays. It went from driving for the go-ahead score to trailing by three scores, as Tampa Bay turned the four turnovers into 17 points.

Ingrams fumble was the turning point, but the Saints were still in it until the Buccaneers went on an interception binge in the fourth quarter. Of the three picks quarterback Jameis Winston threw to Tampa defenders, only his first was defensible.

Winston and the Saints had been trying to hit Chris Olave deep all game, and with good reason: Tampa frequently left Olave in single coverage with no safety help, and the rookie receiver frequently got a step on his man. Winston and Olave simply were not able to connect.

That was the case again in the fourth quarter when, near midfield with the score still deadlocked at 3, Winston heaved it long for Olave yet again. Olave had a step on Jamel Dean with nobody in front of him. If Winston had put the ball out in front, only Olave would have had a shot at the play. But the throw was just a touch short, which allowed Dean to recover and make the pick in the end zone.

Tampa marched 80 yards (with the help of some highly questionable penalties) for the go-ahead score after that interception.

Winstons next two interceptions were harder to square. Two plays after the Buccaneers touchdown, he fired high and wide of Juwan Johnson on an out-breaking route. The throw was nowhere close, which led me to wonder whether Johnson ran the wrong route or Winston was expecting him to be somewhere else.

On that play, both Jarvis Landry and Olave ran vertical. Johnson, in the slot to their right, snapped off his route near the first-down marker 15 yards downfield, making a 90-degree cut toward the sideline. Winston threw it as if Johnson was running a corner route, sailing it over the tight ends head and allowing Dean to make a diving interception.

Making matters worse, Winston appeared to have Michael Thomas wide open underneath the Tampa zone, an easy pitch and catch that would have, at least, set up a manageable third down. The Buccaneers took the ball on a short field and kicked a 47-yard field goal after a three-and-out.

Finally, there was the dagger with 4:26 to go and the Saints in Tampa territory when Winston threw a pick-six to Mike Edwards. Winston targeted Landry, who was running a curl route from the slot, but he didnt see Edwards creeping up from the safety position. Winstons throw leaked toward the middle of the field, giving Edwards an easy play on the ball.

It was a first-down play, and the Saints were on Tampas side of the 50 and needing two scores. Even a perfect throw on that last interception would have been dangerous, and Winston had a wide-open option underneath in Tony Jones. Admittedly, its nitpicking in hindsight, but these are precisely the kinds of mistakes that got Winston in trouble when he was Tampas starting quarterback.

Four Saints turnovers in 10 plays resulting in 17 fourth-quarter points for Tampa. The only turnover that didnt net points for the Bucs took a highly likely score off the board for New Orleans. Thats the glaring difference in a game the Saints lost by 10.

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Anatomy of a collapse: How the Saints handed the Buccaneers the win in a span of 10 plays - NOLA.com

While all eyes are on Westminster Abbey and the UK during Queen Elizabeth IIs funeral procession, people were surprised to see one of their favorite TV stars in attendance: actor Sandra Oh.

Oh, the star of BBCs Killing Eve, wasnt there just to pay her respects to the late monarch who passed away on Sept. 8 at age 96. Oh actually had an official role in the procession as a member of the Order of Canada, a civilian honor that Queen Elizabeth II established in 1967 to recognize outstanding achievement, dedication to the community, and service to the nation. It is known as the third-highest civilian honor in the country behind the Cross of Valor (which awards civilians who have performed acts of courage in the face of peril) and membership in the Order of Merit, which recognizes distinguished service in the armed forces, science, art, literature, or for the promotion of culture.

Ontario, Canada native Oh was appointed as an Officer in June 2022 for her artistic career filled with memorable stage, television and film roles in Canada and abroad. Because Canada is a Commonwealth country, Queen Elizabeth established the Order of Canada on the advice of then-Canadian prime minister Lester B. Pearson for the celebration of the Canadian Confederations centennial. Those who have been given the honor wear a maple leaf-shaped insignia with a red and white ribbon that symbolizes Canadas national colors.

Oh was part of the procession that arrived prior to the British royal family and the Queens coffin, and was seen wearing an all-black ensemble, except for her Order of Canada ribbon. Others in her group included holders of the Victoria Cross, The George Cross, and the Orders of Chivalry as well as other nominated Officers of the Commonwealth. As part of the Canadian delegation, Oh also joined Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and his wife Sophie Gregoire Trudeau in paying her respects.

Fans watching at home expressed their surprise (and delight) in seeing one of their favorite stars as part of the official ceremony.

Other public figures who attended in an official capacity were Peep Shows Sophie Winkleman, who is married to Lord Frederick Windsor, the son of the Queens cousin Prince Michael of Kent. Man vs. Wilds Bear Grylls, who was representing the Scouts Association as the United Kingdoms Chief Scout, was also in attendance.

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A thorough report by HSE into the Kincaidston gas explosion has revealed the anatomy of a disaster.

The findings by Steve Critchlow consists of a 41-page dossier and 20-page factual report that has lifted the lid on events before, during and after the night that rocked the Ayr community.

Ayrshire Live has examined the full report sent to by HSE after a Freedom of Information Request.

We first told how the gas explosion was caused by a corroded pipe.

Now we can reveal other key points addressed in the report.

What injuries did the family of Number 3 Gorse Park have from the blast?

The report details that the adult female, believed to be the family's 43-year-old mum was on the first floor at the time of the explosion and she had received significant burn injuries.

Other members of the family the 47-year-old dad, 11-year-old boy and 16-year-old boy had injuries relating to the impact of the explosion.

Did the family smell gas?

Mr Critchlow was unable to explain why the family did not report any smell of gas. His report suggests that either the family had a reduced sense of smell (for example due to illness), or that the smell had been present for some time, and they were either accustomed to it, or believed it to be something else.

Did any residents in Gorse Park smell gas?

Of 22 witness statements taken by those living in Gorse Park or visiting someone in Gorse Park only three could smell gas before the blast.

Two of the three witnesses told how they walked through the car park adjacent 9-15 Gorse Park on October, 18 adjacent to 9-15 Gorse Park. But the report states it is extremely unlikely to be relevant to the explosion.

One of the 22 reported smelling gas at 12pm (October 18) when leaving home but not when returning at 4pm.

And one witness said they did not smell gas when walking to their car at the car park to the rear of Number 3 Gorse Park. The report concludes that statement is particularly relevant.

What damage was caused to the four homes of Gorse Park?

The report details that Number 3 Gorse Park was completely destroyed.

Number 2 had substantial structural damage, to the side shared with Number 3. And that Number 2s roof damage was caused by the collapse of Number 3 and the fire within Number 3.

The roof of Number 4 was structurally damaged but remained largely in situ, with the majority of structural damage being done to its side shared with Number 3. The report observed that Number 1, the last remaining house, was undamaged.

What damage was found inside Number 3?

The investigation found that the extent of the blast in Number 3 reached the loft. Items were thermal scorching typical of a gas explosion were uncovered in the loft including an inflatable mattress and bags of clothes.

From the rubble Mr Critchlow also discovered a number of scorched materials including a childs duvet which was found on the rear top patio, beneath the rubble and was believed to have been from the bedroom above the kitchen.

Carpets from the first floor were also found to be scorched. Further evidence of thermal scorching was found on soft toys and clothes in the house.

Wereother homes damagedin Gorse Park? All of the houses within the cul-de-sac of Gorse Park had received some damage, including broken doors and windows, misplaced roofing tiles and structural damage caused by impact from debris.

How did gas enter Number 3? The report by Mr Critchlow details that a gas pressure test on the service pipe to Number 3 showed that were leaks.

Mr Critchlow found that gas was able to enter the property from underneath the floorboards, where the meter had previously been installed.

Where was the gas meter in Number 3?

The report details that the gas meter was at a position below the house floor boards.

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Historic gas leaks near to the explosion site

As part of the probe SGN were asked to provide all evidence of Public Reported Escapes (PREs) in the past five years at Gorse Park, Fern Brae, Heather Park and Thistle Walk.

Only one gas escape was recorded in the area, with the PRE confirmed at Fern Brae in 2017.

Mr Critchlow concludes This is evidence that there were no PREs to which SGN should have responded that may have prevented this incident.

Gas leaks after the explosion

Following the explosion there were four gas escapes reported including one at Gorse Park (not 1 to 4).

The other three addresses were at Thistle Walk. SGN investigated and found that there was no trace at three of the addresses and one address was a boiler issue which is not SGNs responsibility.

Action by SGN following the blast The report details that a further five gas escapes were detected after the blast.

SGN conducted Flame Ionisation Machine (FIM) surveys. Gas mains were then replaced at 1-7 Cranesbill court and 22-31 Celandine bank on November, 5.

Action was then taken to replace the entire network of metallic mains in the estate with replacement work completed in May.

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Anatomy of a disaster: 11 key points on the Kincaidston house explosion from the HSE report - Daily Record

Film and TV director, Rogba Arimoro, known for his films Faultlines and Tokunbo and also for the popular TV show Judging Matters is no stranger to lights and cameras but hes usually the one behind the camera not in front of it.

After being married to his wife, Bio for over 11 years and working together for 3 years, Its safe to say that theyve been through quite a lot together.

They recently decided to audit their relationship and realised that there were quite a lot of things that they wished that they had known before saying I Do.

This audit and their decision to share resulted in the Love and Everything in Between podcast.

They sat down to have a quick word with them about the entire experience.

How did you meet?

Rogba: Its quite an interesting story and the telling of it depends on who you ask (Bio laughs). We met at the University of Lagos when we both transferred to the department of Actuarial Science. We were both in relationships at the time and instead of doing the smart thing by ending those, we jumped into an affair and snuck around for a couple of months. We eventually decided to stop hurting our significant others and broke it off with them to actively pursue an actual relationship.

How was it coming clean?

Bio: Coming clean is never easy. It was messy, and theres nothing quite as horrible as looking at the pain in someones eyes as you tell them that youve intentionally betrayed their trust for no just reason.

Rogba: Cheating on anyone is a completely unfair thing to do to them. Looking back, its a cowardly way to handle dissatisfaction in your relationship. But coming clean was hard but also liberating. Lies thrive in secrecy and darkness and its a heavy burden to carry but once its out there, you feel lighter.

Starting a relationship the way that you did, would you say it affected your relationship in anyway?

Rogba: We almost didnt make it. Its a whole different ball game when theres no more thrill of hiding but we decided from day one to be completely honest with each other no matter what. We were friends first and we decided to always keep that part of our relationship at the fore. Its the secret sauce that has kept us going till now.

Bio: We were friends before we started dating and when we decided to give a serious relationship a try, we told each other that if it didnt work we would not throw the friendship away. It wasnt easy at the beginning but we kept at it and here we are.

You both work in the same industry; that can be difficult for married people to do. How do you cope with that?

Rogba: Working together can be challenging; especially when youre both driven to excellence. We had quite a few clashes at the beginning but quickly learnt that the key is professionalism. Keep work and your personal relationship separate. Anything else is a recipe for disaster.

Bio: We have a very strict rule now that work and marriage must be kept in separate silos. There are projects weve worked on where many people are surprised at the end to find out that were married.

In the first few episodes of your podcast, we hear a lot of talk about a list. Can you tell us about this list?

Bio: I didnt have much on my list. I just wanted to be sure that he would take care of me, stand by me and protect me. He had a very long list where he wanted to know how many times we would have sex, who would handle what financially, etc. To be truthful sha, his list helped shape our marriage and make it better. I was in la-la-land and that never helped anyone.

Rogba: The list was basically a checklist of questions about our thoughts and beliefs on a range of topics. It included important things like spirituality, money, sex, number of kids etc. all the way down to the mundane things like pressing toothpaste from the end or middle, toilet seat up or down, etc. I felt it was important to completely understand each others views on all things pertaining to being in a relationship and see how compatible we were in those regards. We knew that these things were not necessarily cast in stone, but they provided a strong foundation upon which we would build the rest of our relationship.

Why this podcast?

Rogba: Over our 11 years of marriage, weve been through quite a number of circumstances and encountered a lot of challenges that no one told us about or we couldnt have envisioned. Recently, we were clearing out some old stuff and found bits of our original checklist and reading through those questions again, we decided to audit our relationship and took it a step further to speak to several other couples as well as a few separated/divorced friends. We realized that a lot of these challenges werent necessarily unique to us and the phrase I wish someone had told us. came up a lot; We thought about it and decided why not share our journey with other people. It would hopefully provide some helpful tips for people who are thinking about getting married as well as some sort of context for people who were already in committed relationships. Its really not about giving anyone specific advice because we arent experts, but we know that weve had an interesting journey and feel like it would have been great to have had some of this information ahead.

Bio: Yup. We could have saved ourselves a lot of fights and headaches.

What would you say has been the glue that has kept you guys together so far?

Rogba: Well, friendship is the first thing. Even if we werent together anymore, we like to believe that we would still be friends. That has been an immovable part of our relationship from the start. Even when we broke up a few times, we somehow managed to keep that part of us alive.

Also, some key similar interests also helped. For example, our love of travel together, similar tastes in music, and our interest in film and tv entertainment.

Can you give a summary of 12 years of marriage; how youve navigated some of the biggest challenges such as almost dying, health challenges as well, and family living with you?

Rogba: The first thing about being in a committed relationship is to see your spouse as an equal partner in your relationship. Constant open and honest communication is a close second. Better to fight and settle than to pretend. Once you have these 2 things in place, you can handle anything.

Bio: We have always been real and true with each other, and I think that is what has helped us so far. We are very in tune with each other. Sometimes even without saying a word and just sharing a look we know what the other person is thinking. I love our friendship and wouldnt trade it for anything else.

What was it like recording the podcast?

Rogba: Shooting a podcast is quite different from making a film or a tv show but its been a truly fun and enriching experience. We also learnt a thing or two along the way. We started out recording just ourselves and then we got some of our good friends Ibrahim and Linda Suleiman, Temi and Scarlet Gomez, and a number of other people to join us to give proper perspective on some of the topics that we explored.

What has the reception to the podcast been like?

Bio: The reception has been better than we could ever have hoped. Weve gotten messages, phone calls and comments from so many people telling us how interesting they found the content and how the episodes have helped improve their relationships and understanding of their significant others.

Watch Love and Everything in Between on the Love&Everything Podcast YouTube channel.

New episodes come out every Monday and Friday at 4pm (GMT+1)

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Heart, testicles and brain are on the menu at anatomy dinners. The $115 meal 'weirded me just the right way,' says one patron.  Yahoo Life

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Top Questions

What is the chemical composition of the human body?

Chemically, the human body consists mainly of water and organic compoundsi.e., lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. The human body is about 60 percent water by weight.

What are the four main types of tissue in the human body?

What are the nine major organ systems in the human body?

The nine major organ systems in the human body are the integumentary system, the musculoskeletal system, the respiratory system, the circulatory system, the digestive system, the excretory system, the nervous system, the endocrine system, and the reproductive system.

human body, the physical substance of the human organism, composed of living cells and extracellular materials and organized into tissues, organs, and systems.

Human anatomy and physiology are treated in many different articles. For detailed discussions of specific tissues, organs, and systems, see human blood; cardiovascular system; digestive system, human; endocrine system, human; renal system; skin; human muscle system; nervous system; reproductive system, human; respiration, human; sensory reception, human; skeletal system, human. For a description of how the body develops, from conception through old age, see aging; growth; prenatal development; human development.

For detailed coverage of the bodys biochemical constituents, see protein; carbohydrate; lipid; nucleic acid; vitamin; and hormone. For information on the structure and function of the cells that constitute the body, see cell.

Many entries describe the bodys major structures. For example, see abdominal cavity; adrenal gland; aorta; bone; brain; ear; eye; heart; kidney; large intestine; lung; nose; ovary; pancreas; pituitary gland; small intestine; spinal cord; spleen; stomach; testis; thymus; thyroid gland; tooth; uterus; vertebral column.

Britannica Quiz

Human Body: Fact or Fiction?

Humans are, of course, animalsmore particularly, members of the order Primates in the subphylum Vertebrata of the phylum Chordata. Like all chordates, the human animal has a bilaterally symmetrical body that is characterized at some point during its development by a dorsal supporting rod (the notochord), gill slits in the region of the pharynx, and a hollow dorsal nerve cord. Of these features, the first two are present only during the embryonic stage in the human; the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column, and the pharyngeal gill slits are lost completely. The dorsal nerve cord is the spinal cord in humans; it remains throughout life.

Characteristic of the vertebrate form, the human body has an internal skeleton that includes a backbone of vertebrae. Typical of mammalian structure, the human body shows such characteristics as hair, mammary glands, and highly developed sense organs.

Beyond these similarities, however, lie some profound differences. Among the mammals, only humans have a predominantly two-legged (bipedal) posture, a fact that has greatly modified the general mammalian body plan. (Even the kangaroo, which hops on two legs when moving rapidly, walks on four legs and uses its tail as a third leg when standing.) Moreover, the human brain, particularly the neocortex, is far and away the most highly developed in the animal kingdom. As intelligent as are many other mammalssuch as chimpanzees and dolphinsnone have achieved the intellectual status of the human species.

Chemically, the human body consists mainly of water and of organic compoundsi.e., lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Water is found in the extracellular fluids of the body (the blood plasma, the lymph, and the interstitial fluid) and within the cells themselves. It serves as a solvent without which the chemistry of life could not take place. The human body is about 60 percent water by weight.

Lipidschiefly fats, phospholipids, and steroidsare major structural components of the human body. Fats provide an energy reserve for the body, and fat pads also serve as insulation and shock absorbers. Phospholipids and the steroid compound cholesterol are major components of the membrane that surrounds each cell.

Proteins also serve as a major structural component of the body. Like lipids, proteins are an important constituent of the cell membrane. In addition, such extracellular materials as hair and nails are composed of protein. So also is collagen, the fibrous, elastic material that makes up much of the bodys skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Proteins also perform numerous functional roles in the body. Particularly important are cellular proteins called enzymes, which catalyze the chemical reactions necessary for life.

Carbohydrates are present in the human body largely as fuels, either as simple sugars circulating through the bloodstream or as glycogen, a storage compound found in the liver and the muscles. Small amounts of carbohydrates also occur in cell membranes, but, in contrast to plants and many invertebrate animals, humans have little structural carbohydrate in their bodies.

Nucleic acids make up the genetic materials of the body. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) carries the bodys hereditary master code, the instructions according to which each cell operates. It is DNA, passed from parents to offspring, that dictates the inherited characteristics of each individual human. Ribonucleic acid (RNA), of which there are several types, helps carry out the instructions encoded in the DNA.

Along with water and organic compounds, the bodys constituents include various inorganic minerals. Chief among these are calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, and iron. Calcium and phosphorus, combined as calcium-phosphate crystals, form a large part of the bodys bones. Calcium is also present as ions in the blood and interstitial fluid, as is sodium. Ions of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, on the other hand, are abundant within the intercellular fluid. All of these ions play vital roles in the bodys metabolic processes. Iron is present mainly as part of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying pigment of the red blood cells. Other mineral constituents of the body, found in minute but necessary concentrations, include cobalt, copper, iodine, manganese, and zinc.

The cell is the basic living unit of the human bodyindeed, of all organisms. The human body consists of trillions of cells, each capable of growth, metabolism, response to stimuli, and, with some exceptions, reproduction. Although there are some 200 different types of cells in the body, these can be grouped into four basic classes. These four basic cell types, together with their extracellular materials, form the fundamental tissues of the human body: (1) epithelial tissues, which cover the bodys surface and line the internal organs, body cavities, and passageways; (2) muscle tissues, which are capable of contraction and form the bodys musculature; (3) nerve tissues, which conduct electrical impulses and make up the nervous system; and (4) connective tissues, which are composed of widely spaced cells and large amounts of intercellular matrix and which bind together various body structures. (Bone and blood are considered specialized connective tissues, in which the intercellular matrix is, respectively, hard and liquid.)

The next level of organization in the body is that of the organ. An organ is a group of tissues that constitutes a distinct structural and functional unit. Thus, the heart is an organ composed of all four tissues, whose function is to pump blood throughout the body. Of course, the heart does not function in isolation; it is part of a system composed of blood and blood vessels as well. The highest level of body organization, then, is that of the organ system.

The body includes nine major organ systems, each composed of various organs and tissues that work together as a functional unit. The chief constituents and prime functions of each system are summarized below. (1) The integumentary system, composed of the skin and associated structures, protects the body f
rom invasion by harmful microorganisms and chemicals; it also prevents water loss from the body. (2) The musculoskeletal system (also referred to separately as the muscle system and the skeletal system), composed of the skeletal muscles and bones (with about 206 of the latter in adults), moves the body and protectively houses its internal organs. (3) The respiratory system, composed of the breathing passages, lungs, and muscles of respiration, obtains from the air the oxygen necessary for cellular metabolism; it also returns to the air the carbon dioxide that forms as a waste product of such metabolism. (4) The circulatory system, composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels, circulates a transport fluid throughout the body, providing the cells with a steady supply of oxygen and nutrients and carrying away waste products such as carbon dioxide and toxic nitrogen compounds. (5) The digestive system, composed of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines, breaks down food into usable substances (nutrients), which are then absorbed from the blood or lymph; this system also eliminates the unusable or excess portion of the food as fecal matter. (6) The excretory system, composed of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra, removes toxic nitrogen compounds and other wastes from the blood. (7) The nervous system, composed of the sensory organs, brain, spinal cord, and nerves, transmits, integrates, and analyzes sensory information and carries impulses to effect the appropriate muscular or glandular responses. (8) The endocrine system, composed of the hormone-secreting glands and tissues, provides a chemical communications network for coordinating various body processes. (9) The reproductive system, composed of the male or female sex organs, enables reproduction and thereby ensures the continuation of the species.

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Human body | Organs, Systems, Structure, Diagram, & Facts

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Table of Contents

What is Anatomy?

Anatomy is a branch of biological science which is concerned with the description of body structures of various living organisms as revealed by dissection.

The word anatomy is derived from the Greek word anatom, where ana means up and tome means cutting. Originally, anatomy was first learnt by cutting up corpses, hence the name anatomy.

Types of Anatomy

Anatomy could be classified into:

Human Anatomy Human anatomy involves the study of the physical structure of the human body. It focuses on numerous systems, including circulatory, digestive, endocrine, skeletal, lymphatic, nervous, respiratory, urinary, reproductive and muscular systems.

Plant Anatomy Also called the phytotomy. It is the study of the internal structure of a plant including the tissues, root system, stem, leaves, flower, fruit and seeds.

Animal Anatomy Also called the zootomy. It deals with the study of the internal structure of an animal including the cells, tissues, organs, bones and other organs of the animal body.

As mentioned above, Anatomy was primarily learnt through dissection. The word Anatomy and dissection have virtually the same meaning in Greek and Latin. Besides the fact that both the words have the same source, anatomy has a broad discipline of its own and the word dissection is completely removed.

On the other hand,Physiologymainly deals with the functions and processes of the human body. It is distinctly different from anatomy as the latter deals specifically with the structure of the organism.

Anatomy is classified into:

Microscopic Anatomy (Histology)

Also known as histology. Microscopic anatomy is the study of cellsand tissues as discerned by a microscope. The individuals who specialize in this study are called histologists. The process involves marking and dividing cells and tissues into sections to be viewed under a microscope. The biological samples are dissected into thin slices so that they could be clearly examined. Stains are added to these dissected samples to enhance visibility and highlight important structures. Microscopic anatomy is useful to examine and compare different types of organisms, their structures and different stages of the cell cycle.

Application of Histology

Gross Anatomy

Also known as macroscopicanatomy. Gross anatomy is defined as the study of an organisms structures which are visible to the naked eye. The main objective of Gross anatomy is to obtain complete information about the structural organization of an organism.

Application of Gross Anatomy:

Anatomy is the study of the internal structure and organs of living beings. Physiology mainly focuses on the functions and relationships of body parts.

MicroscopicAnatomy and MacroscopicAnatomy are the two maintypes of Anatomy.

MicroscopicAnatomy is the study of the structure of cells, tissue and other microscopic parts of the body which cannot be seen through the naked eye. For example the types of white blood cells, plant and animal tissues, etc.

MacroscopicAnatomy refers to the examination of organs, parts and other structures of living organisms which are visible to the naked eye. For example- Allinternal and external organs of an individual.

In the field of medicine and life science sectors, anatomy plays a vital role as it helps us to learn about the different parts of an organism, including plants, animals and humans, along with their structure and characteristic features.

Nehemiah Grew, an English botanist is known as the father of plant anatomy based on his observations and contributions. He also published many books on plants and his first book Anatomy of plants waspublished in the year 1682.K.A.Chaudharyis known as Father of Indian plant anatomy.

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Osteal Therapeutics, Inc. Completes Enrollment in APEX Phase 2 Clinical Trial of VT-X7 for Periprosthetic Joint Infection

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Aligos Therapeutics Presents Clinical Data for its Capsid Assembly Modulator, ALG-000184, at AASLD’s The Liver Meeting® 2022