What is the true meaning of Black Lives Matter? Many are still muddling the powerful message of the global movement.

What Black Lives Matter is and what Black Lives Matter isnt has been feverishly debated since its inception in 2013. What began as a hashtag on social media posts andanti-racism quoteshas snowballed into a global rallying cry in the battle to combat systemic and institutional racism, which became impossible to ignore after yet another series of high-profile police brutality incidents. BLM is now proudly proclaimed and derided. Scrawled on posters. Graffitiedand subsequently defacedon concrete. It hasdivided loved onesand united loved ones. Still, people are searching for the answer. Ask Google, What is the BLM meaning? and youll get 37 million results to sift through.

Black Lives Matter is not only the movement for Black lives now, and its not only the phrase that people can attach to, but its an affirmation that I think goes beyond the organizers of the movement for Black lives, says Camara Jones, MD, PhD, an anti-racism activist and adjunct professor at the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University who is not affiliated with BLM.

If youre here, youre likely looking for answers, whether youre a member of the Black community, youre looking to be an ally in the movement toward equality, or youre wondering what it truly means to be anti-racist. Once youve learned the meaning of BLM, you might also consider makinga Black Lives Matter donationorsupporting these Black-owned businesses.

The BLM message was born in response to police and civilian brutality against Black lives. Simply put, Black lives matterperiod. Just as much as every other race, but not more so than any other race. Still, many non-Black people miss the BLM meaning, says Dr. Jones, because their privilege blinds them. She likens the phenomenon of White privilege to patrons eating in a restaurant, in an allegory she calls Dual Reality: A Restaurant Saga. There are many people whove been born inside a restaurant, sitting at the table of opportunity, eating, and they see a sign that says Open, and do not recognize that that sign is a two-sided, open-closed sign, she explains, because its difficult for any of us to recognize the system of inequity that privileges us. Its a vicious cycle perpetuated by a lack of understanding. Those already eating look outside, seeing hungry, would-be patrons and wondering why they dont simply come inside. Those outside wonder why their side of the sign says Closed when there is plenty of room inside the restaurant.

The phrase Black Lives Matter was born out of a Facebook post from Alicia Garza after the July 13, 2013, acquittal of George Zimmerman in the death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. Zimmerman shot and killed an unarmed Martin, who was returning from a store to a relatives Sanford, Florida, home after buying Arizona iced tea and a pack of Skittles. Black people. I love you. I love us. Our lives matter, wrote Garza, to which her pal Patrisse Cullors replied, #blacklivesmatter. Garza, Cullors, and pal Opal Tometi teamed up to form the BLM movement. Today, BLM has ballooned to an international movement with 40 chapters.

Because it is not the truth in this country, says Dr. Jones. It is not the reality of this country that all lives matter. The police-involved murders of Black men and women are proof. So, too, are the inequities that can be found at every level of American society. All we have to do is look at how resources are distributed by so-called race [and] look at the relative safety by so-called race. We can look at who gets the benefit of the doubt and who would be immediately perceived as a threat. We can look at those in whom we invest and in which communities we actively divest. And it is clear that Black lives and Indigenous lives, and Hispanic lives, Latinx lives, are devalued in this country and dehumanized. The harsh truth was laid bare in George Floyds final moments, and thats why the BLMs meaning and newfound stature is so important. What did Derek Chauvin think he was doing? she asks. People said that the way he looked was the way that hunters squeeze the life out of a deer.

The BLM movement raised more than $90 million in 2020 and saw up to 26 million supporters join in protests, making it the largest movement in U.S. history. Dr. Jones says BLM and the BLM meaning became a formidable force in part due to technology. Because of cell phone video and police body cams, people who were born inside the restaurant [of the Dual Reality allegory] could see the reality on the other side. For centuries, weve had these stories, adds Dr. Jones, but now, all of a sudden, the images and the truth of it is barging into those people who have had the privilege of not having to know.

Whats not unique, or anywhere near new, says Dr. Jones, is the struggle of Black people against racism. It is a continuation of struggles of people of African ancestry for centuries, for four centuries, to affirm our humanity. But what is unique is the new generations fight for justice. It is the young people, many of whom may not have studied even the history of the civil rights movement, or may think of that as something old. Some may not have been fully aware of the history, and many of them may have thought that they were the first ones to engage in these struggles around the rights to our humanity, to the recognition of our humanity. So, the thing that makes them different is that its this generations iteration. There has also been some good news in the midst of this ongoing struggle: A number of positive changes have been made since the anti-racism protests began.

You can donate, volunteer, and sign up for events and information via BLMs official website. But there are also other ways to fight alongside the movement. Dr. Jones suggests that Black people and non-Black people alike need to bear witness to the inequities facing Black and Brown peopleand, if necessary, hit the record button, much like how bystanders bravely recorded Chauvin as he and three other cops pinned Floyd to the ground. She says she recently took her own advice when she stuck around after seeing a Black father and child involved in a multi-vehicle crash. No matter how ugly or fraught it may get, she says, stay and bear witness.

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What Black Lives Matter Means: The History of the Movement