The three poles of South Asian genetic variation | Gene Expression

Zack Ajmal has posted his K = 11 Reference 3 results including Harappa Ancestry Project participants. Below are the results sorted by the East Asian, South Asian, and Onge. I limited it to those who had 5% or more East Asian. All caps = reference populations. The rest are individuals from HAP:

Group
Subgroup
Ethnicity
S Asian
Onge
E Asian Austro-Asiatic
Khasic
KHASI
21%
21%
48% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
JUANG
26%
43%
28% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
BONDA
27%
44%
27% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
GADABA
29%
42%
24% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
KHARIA
33%
44%
21% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
SAVARA
33%
44%
21% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
HO
34%
44%
20% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
MAWASI
38%
44%
16% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
ASUR
42%
42%
14% Austro-Asiatic
Munda
SANTHAL
40%
45%
13% Indo-European
Indo-European
SAHARIYA
44%
39%
12%

Bengali
51%
28%
12%

Bengali
49%
28%
11% Indo-European
Indo-European
SATNAMI
49%
36%
8%
Isolate
BURUSHO
47%
10%
6%

Bengali
54%
29%
6%

Bengali/Oriya
53%
29%
5% Dravidian
Dravidian
MALAYAN
50%
42%
5%

UP
48%
21%
5%

That’s my parents at 12 and 11 percent East Asian. Using the new reference population Zack estimates that my “Ancestral South Indian” (ASI) is ~43%. That makes more sense to me that Dodecad’s estimate of ~34%. I think that Dodecad method was confused because I do have genuine East Asian admixture, and the estimate of “Ancestral North India” (ANI) vs. ASI is confounded by other components. I suspect that the estimates of Onge are probably less valid for groups like the Khasi because of bleeding over from the East Asian component (in other words, the regression which Zack used to predict ASI is fitted to South Asian populations without East Asian admixture, and isn’t fully transferable to those that have it). But the geographical breakdown of the East Asian element is pretty striking, if expected. ...

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