AI and automation will disrupt our world but only Andrew Yang is warning about it | TheHill – The Hill

Disruption of the job market and the economy from automation and the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the primary ideas animating Andrew YangAndrew YangOutsider candidates outpoll insider candidates Is Andrew Yang's pivot working? New Quinnipiac poll finds Biden leading in New Hampshire MOREs surprising campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination. Alone among the candidates, Yang is directly engaging with one of the central forces that will shape our futures.

Over the past ten years, I have written two books on the subject of artificial intelligence and its impact on the job market and the economy. Ive spoken at dozens of events in more than 30 countries. The majority of my presentations were given to what you might call elite audiences executives, technologists, Wall Street financiers, economists, government technocrats and so forth. Ive found that, virtually without exception, these people take the specter of technological disruption seriously.

To be sure, not everyone buys into the possibility of widespread unemployment resulting from automation. But even the most skeptical generally recognize that the speed at which AI is advancing could create a stark divide, with a large and growing fraction of our workforce left struggling to maintain a foothold in the economy.

Arecent report from the consulting firm Deloittefound that, among more than a thousand surveyed American executives, 63 percent agreed with the statement that to cut costs, my company wants to automate as many jobs as possible using AI, and 36 percent already believe that job losses from AI-enabled automation should be viewed as an ethical issue. In other words, while media pundits dismiss worries about automation, executives at Americas largest companies are actively planning for it.

It may seem odd to worry about AI and automation at a time when the headline unemployment rate is below 4 percent.But it is important to remember that this metric only captures people who are actively seeking work. Consider that, in 1965,only 3 percentof American men between the ages of 25 and 54 old enough to have completed education but too young to retire were neither working nor actively looking for employment. Today, that number is about 11 percent.

In other words, the percentage of working-age men completely disenfranchised from employment markets has nearly tripled.The economist and former Treasury secretary Laurence Summershas estimatedthat, by 2050, that number could more than double again to a quarter or even a third.

Would it be unreasonable to imagine that an economist in 1965 might have uttered the words mass unemployment if he or she had been told that the percentage of men detached from the workforce would soar in this way?To be sure, technology is not the only factor here but it is almost certainly playing a central role.

Disruption from artificial intelligence will not be a straightforward narrative of robots stealing jobs. Instead, it will include job de-skilling, in which technology makes what was once well-paid work accessible to minimum-wage or gig-economy workers with little or no training.The story so far has largely been about the elimination of solid middle-class jobs requiring moderate skill levels and the emergence of lower-paying jobs in the service sector. Indeed, the economys propensity to create large numbers of low-wage service jobs has been one of the main factors that has led to the current low levels of unemployment.

However, it is very unlikely that these jobs will continue to be created at the current pace.

The robots that already play a vital role in Amazon warehouses will soon become more dexterous and able to perform many of the tasks that now require people. Automation will inevitably invade the fast-food industry, and traditional retailers will have little choice but to turn to labor-saving technology in order to remain viable in a sector increasingly dominated by Amazon.

Nor will more educated white-collar workers get a pass on the AI disruption.Jobs that involve relatively predictable manipulation of information routine quantitative analysis, preparing periodic reports and so forth will, in many cases, be easier to automate than lower-paid work that requires physical interaction.

All this is sure to unfold in an unpredictable, sporadic way. Rather than a robot or an algorithm directly replacing a worker, we are likely to see organizations completely restructure work environments and redefine job descriptions, as more and more of the tasks now performed by people are automated.The result, in most cases, will be fewer jobs and, often, those jobs will be held by different workers with completely different skill sets and talents, and perhaps in different geographic locations.

The Democratic Partys agenda increasingly is being shaped by the Social Justice Left. If you count yourself among this movement, you should know that AI-driven automation is not a fringe issue, nor can it be dismissed as a tech bro concern.Rather, it is poised to amplify the types of inequality that you care most about. Arecent analysis from McKinsey, for example, found that automation will disproportionately impact African Americans, likely worsening the racial income and wealth gaps.The fact is that virtually everything Democrats care about inequality, health care, poverty, the environment, education, the prosperity of the middle class will be deeply influenced by relentless advances in artificial intelligence.

And yet, inexplicably, Andrew Yang is currently the only presidential candidate willing to speak honestly about the magnitude of the coming challenge and to propose solutions.

Perhaps that is why his candidacy has taken the political sphere by surprise. For a candidate who started literally at zero, with no political experience and, perhaps more importantly, no name recognition, he has gained remarkable traction and left some professional politicians including governors and U.S. senators in the dust in terms of polling, fundraising and qualifying for the partys debates. It demonstrates how his concerns about the future resonate with many voters even as much of the media hasconsistently marginalized, ignored or dismissed his campaign as unserious and, in a number of cases,quite literally erasedorskipped over it.

Like all new technologies, AI will be a dual-edged sword: It will bring new dangers, along with vast new opportunities.Ensuring that those opportunities are maximized and leveraged in an inclusive way, on behalf of everyone at every level of society, looms as one of the most vital and daunting challenges we will face in the coming years and decades.

Andrew Yang, and his warnings about the impact of AI and automation, should be taken seriously.

Martin Ford is a futurist and the author of three books, including theNew York TimesbestsellingRise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future(2015)andArchitects of Intelligence: The truth about AI from the people building it. (2018) He is the consulting artificial intelligence expert for the newRobotics and AIETFfrom Lyxor/Societe Generale, which focuses on investing in companies that will be significant participants in the AI and robotics revolution. Follow him on Twitter@MfordFuture.