According to a study published in the journal Frontiers in Immunology, mind-body interventions such as mindfulness, yoga, Tai Chi, Qigong, relaxation response, and breath regulation dont simply relax us, they can reverse the molecular reactions in our DNA which cause ill-health and depression.

Ivana Buric et al analyze how the behavior of our genes is affected by different MBIs including mindfulness and yoga. Image credit: Nato Pereira.

When a person is exposed to a stressful event, the sympathetic nervous system the system responsible for the fight-or-flight response is triggered, in turn increasing production of a molecule called nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) which regulates how our genes are expressed.

NF-kB translates stress by activating genes to produce proteins called cytokines that cause inflammation at cellular level a reaction that is useful as a short-lived fight-or-flight reaction, but if persistent leads to a higher risk of cancer, accelerated aging and psychiatric disorders like depression.

However, people who practice mind-body interventions (MBIs) exhibit the opposite effect namely a decrease in production of NF-kB and cytokines, leading to a reversal of the pro-inflammatory gene expression pattern and a reduction in the risk of inflammation-related diseases and conditions, according to the study.

The inflammatory effect of the fight-or-flight response which also serves to temporarily bolster the immune system would have played an important role in mankinds hunter-gatherer prehistory, when there was a higher risk of infection from wounds, the authors said.

In todays society, however, where stress is increasingly psychological and often longer-term, pro-inflammatory gene expression can be persistent and therefore more likely to cause psychiatric and medical problems.

Millions of people around the world already enjoy the health benefits of mind-body interventions like yoga or meditation, but what they perhaps dont realize is that these benefits begin at a molecular level and can change the way our genetic code goes about its business, said lead author Ivana Buric, a PhD student at Coventry University, UK.

These activities are leaving what we call a molecular signature in our cells, which reverses the effect that stress or anxiety would have on the body by changing how our genes are expressed.

Put simply, MBIs cause the brain to steer our DNA processes along a path which improves our wellbeing.

More needs to be done to understand these effects in greater depth, for example how they compare with other healthy interventions like exercise or nutrition.

But this is an important foundation to build on to help future researchers explore the benefits of increasingly popular mind-body activities, Buric said.

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Ivana Buric et al. What Is the Molecular Signature of Mind-Body Interventions? A Systematic Review of Gene Expression Changes Induced by Meditation and Related Practices. Front. Immunol, published online June 16, 2017; doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00670

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