The only difference between science fiction and science is patience. Yesterdays mainframes are todays smartphones and todays neural networks will be tomorrows androids. But long before any technology becomes reality, someone has to dream it into existence.

The worlds of science and technology are constantly in flux. Its impossible to tell what the future will bring. However we can make some educated guesses based on recent breakthroughs in the fields of nuclear physics, quantum computing, robotics, artificial intelligence, and Facebooks name change.

Lets set our time machines to January 28, 2100 to take an imaginary gander at the four most amazing science and technology breakthroughs the sort-of-far future has to offer.

This could very well be the most important technological breakthrough in human history.

The premise is simple: tiny machines that function at the cellular level capable of performing tissue repairs, destroying intruders, and delivering targeted nano-medications.

And this wouldnt necessarily mean filling your bloodstream with trillions of microscopic hunks of metal and silicon. Theres plenty of reason to believe scientists could take todays biological robots and turn them into artificial intelligence agents capable of executing code functions inside our bodies.

Imagine an AI swarm controlled by a bespoke neural network attached to our brain-computer-interfaces with the sole purpose of optimizing our biological functions.

We might not be able to solve immortality by 2100, but medical nanobots could go a long way towards bridging the gap.

Another technology thats sure to save innumerable human lives is fusion power. Luckily, were on the verge of solving that one already (at least in a rudimentary, proof-of-concept kind of way). With any luck, by the time Gen Zs grandkids are old enough to drive, well have advanced the technology to the point of abundance.

And thats when we can finallystart solving humanitys problems.

The big idea here is that well come close to perfecting fusion power in the future and, because of that, well be able to use quantum computers to optimize civilization.

Fusion could potentially be a limitless form of power and its theoretically feasible that we could eventually scale its energy-producing capabilities to such a degree that energy would be as ubiquitous for private and commercial use as air is.

Under such a paradigm, we can imagine a race to the top for scientific endeavor, the ultimate goal of which would be to produce a utopian society.

With near-infinite energy freely available, there would be little incentive to fight over resources and every incentive to optimize our existence.

And thats where quantum computers come in. If we can make classical algorithms learn to drive cars by building binary supercomputers, imagine what we could do with quantum supercomputing clusters harnessing the unbridled energy of entire stars.

We could assign algorithms to every living creature in the known universe and optimize for their existence. In essence, we could potentially solve the traveling salesman problem at the multiverse scale.

Admittedly, warp drives are a glamour technology. Technically-speaking, with Mars so nearby, we dont really have to travel beyond our own solar system.

But its well-documented that humanity has a need for speed. And if we ever have any intention of seeing stars other than Sol up close, were going to need spaceships that can travel really, really fast.

The big problem here is that the universe doesnt appear to allow anything to travel faster than light. And thats pretty slow. It would take us over four years to travel to the closest star to Earth. In galactic terms, thats like spending a 1/20th of your life walking to the neighbors house.

Warp drives could solve this. Instead of going faster, we could theoretically exploit the wackiness of the universe to go further in a given amount of time without increasing speed.

This involves shifting through warp bubbles in space with exotic temporal properties, but in essence its as simple as Einsteins observations that time works a bit differently at the edge of a black hole.

In the modern era, physicists are excited over some interesting equations and simulations that are starting to make the idea of warp drives seem less like science fiction and more like science.

An added benefit to the advent of the warp drive would be that it would exponentially increase the odds of humans discovering alien life.

If aliens arent right next door, then maybe theyre a few blocks over. If we can start firing probes beyond non-warp ranges by 2100, who knows what our long-range sensors will be able to detect?

Dont laugh. Its understandable if you dont think the metaverse belongs on this list. After all, its just a bunch of cartoon avatars and bad graphics that you need a VR headset for right?

But the metaverse of 2100 will be something different entirely. In 2022, Spotify tries to figure out what song you want to hear based on the music youve listened to in the past. In 2100, your brain-embedded AI assistant will know what song you want to hear because it has a direct connection to the area of your mind that processes sound, memory, and emotion.

The ideal metaverse would be a bespoke environment thats only indistinguishable from reality in its utopianism. In other words, youll only know its fake because you can control the metaverse.

While its obvious that jacking into the Matrix could pose a multitude of risks, the ability to take a vacation from reality could have positive implications ranging from treating depression to giving people with extremely low quality of life a reason to want to continue living.

The ultimate freedom is choosing your own reality. And its a safe bet that whoever owns the server it runs on is whos going to be in charge of the future.

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The 4 biggest science breakthroughs that Gen Z could live to see - The Next Web