Massradius for USP planets, with massradius measurements better than 25 per cent from http://www.astro.keele.ac.uk/jkt/tepcat/ and for our USP TESS candidates (see Table 1), colour coded by their equilibrium temperature. Two-layer models from Zeng et al. (2016) are displayed with different lines and colours. Earth-like here means a composition of 30 per cent Fe and 70 per cent MgSiO3, whereas 100 per cent Rock means a composition of 100 per cent MgSiO3. Earth and Venus are identified in this plot as pale blue and orange circles, respectively astro-ph.EP

In this paper, we compare the chemistry and the emission spectra of nitrogen-dominated cool, warm, and hot ultra-short-period (USP) super-Earth atmospheres in and out of chemical equilibrium at various surface pressure scenarios ranging from 0.1 to 10 bar.

We link the one-dimensional VULCAN chemical kinetic code, in which thermochemical kinetic and vertical transport and photochemistry are taken into account, to the one-dimensional radiative transfer model, PETITRADTRANS, to predict the emission spectra of these planets. The radiative-convective temperature-pressure profiles were computed with the HELIOS code.

Then, using PANDEXO noise simulator, we explore the observability of the differences produced by disequilibrium processes with the JWST. Our grids show how different surface pressures can significantly affect the temperature profiles, the atmospheric abundances, and consequently the emission spectra of these planets.

We find that the divergences due to disequilibrium processes would be possible to observe in cooler planets by targeting HCN, C2H4, and CO, and in warmer planets by targeting CH4 with HCN, using the NIRSpec and MIRI LRS JWST instruments. These species are also found to be sensitive indicators of the existence of surfaces on nitrogen-dominated USP super-Earths, providing information regarding the thickness of these atmospheres.

Jamila Chouqar, Jacob Lustig-Yaeger, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, Andrew Szentgyorgyi, Abdelhadi Jabiri, Abderahmane Soubkiou

Comments: 12 pagesSubjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)Cite as: arXiv:2304.08690 [astro-ph.EP] (or arXiv:2304.08690v1 [astro-ph.EP] for this version)https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.08690Focus to learn moreJournal reference: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 522, June 2023, Pages 648-659Related DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad1034Focus to learn moreSubmission historyFrom: Jamila Chouqar[v1] Tue, 18 Apr 2023 01:53:58 UTC (1,912 KB)https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.08690Astrobiology,

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Surface Pressure Impact On Nitrogen-dominated USP Super-Earth ... - Astrobiology News